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  1. Article ; Online: Orientation dependence of R

    Bartels, Lara M / Doucette, Jonathan / Birkl, Christoph / Zhang, Yuting / Weber, Alexander M / Rauscher, Alexander

    NeuroImage

    2022  Volume 264, Page(s) 119702

    Abstract: In MRI the transverse relaxation rate, ... ...

    Abstract In MRI the transverse relaxation rate, R
    MeSH term(s) Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Myelin Sheath ; Water ; Anisotropy
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119702
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 3664: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: A preliminary study on the effects of acute ethanol ingestion on default mode network and temporal fractal properties of the brain.

    Weber, Alexander M / Soreni, Noam / Noseworthy, Michael D

    Magma (New York, N.Y.)

    2013  Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 291–301

    Abstract: Object: To study the effect of acute alcohol intoxication on the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) and temporal fractal properties of the healthy adult brain.: Materials and methods: Eleven healthy male volunteers were asked ... ...

    Abstract Object: To study the effect of acute alcohol intoxication on the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) and temporal fractal properties of the healthy adult brain.
    Materials and methods: Eleven healthy male volunteers were asked to drink 0.59 g/kg of ethanol. Resting state blood oxygen level dependent (rsBOLD) MRI scans were obtained before consumption, 60 min post-consumption and 90 min post-consumption. Before each rsBOLD scan, pointed-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) (1)H-MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy) scans were acquired to measure ethanol levels in the right basal ganglia.
    Results: Significant changes in DMN connectivity were found following alcohol consumption (p < 0.01). Both increased and decreased regional connectivity were found after 60 min, whereas mostly decreased connectivity was found after 90 min. The fractal behaviour of the rsBOLD signal, which is believed to help reveal complexity of small-scale neuronal circuitry, became more ordered after both 60 and 90 min of alcohol consumption (p < 0.01).
    Conclusion: The DMN has been linked to personal identity and social behavior. As such, our preliminary findings may provide insight into the neuro-functional underpinnings of the cognitive and behavioral changes observed during acute alcohol intoxication. The reduced fractal dimension implies a change in function of small-scale neural networks towards less complex signaling.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Ethanol/poisoning ; Fractals ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Nerve Net/physiopathology ; Neural Pathways/physiopathology ; Oxygen/blood ; Time Factors ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-28
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1160826-2
    ISSN 1352-8661 ; 0968-5243
    ISSN (online) 1352-8661
    ISSN 0968-5243
    DOI 10.1007/s10334-013-0420-5
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    Zs.A 3788: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article: Pathological Insights From Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Ice Hockey Players Pre and Post-concussion.

    Weber, Alexander M / Pukropski, Anna / Kames, Christian / Jarrett, Michael / Dadachanji, Shiroy / Taunton, Jack / Li, David K B / Rauscher, Alexander

    Frontiers in neurology

    2018  Volume 9, Page(s) 575

    Abstract: Myelin sensitive MRI techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging and myelin water imaging, have previously been used to reveal changes in myelin after sports-related concussions. What is not clear from these studies, however, is how myelin is affected: ... ...

    Abstract Myelin sensitive MRI techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging and myelin water imaging, have previously been used to reveal changes in myelin after sports-related concussions. What is not clear from these studies, however, is how myelin is affected: whether it becomes degraded and possibly removed, or whether the myelin sheath loosens and becomes "decompacted". Previously, our team revealed myelin specific changes in ice hockey players 2 weeks post-concussion using myelin water imaging. In that study, 45 subjects underwent a pre-season baseline scan, 11 of which sustained a concussion during play and received follow-up scans: eight were scanned within 3 days, 10 were scanned at 14 days, and nine were scanned at 60 days. In the current retrospective analysis, we used quantitative susceptibility mapping, along with the diffusion tensor imaging measures axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity, to investigate this myelin disruption. If sports-related concussive hits lead to myelin fragmentation in regions of lowered MWF, this should result in a measurable increase in magnetic susceptibility, due to the anisotropic myelin fragmenting into isotropic myelin debris, and the diamagnetic myelin tissue being removed, while no such changes should be expected if the myelin sheath simply loosens and becomes decompacted. An increase in radial diffusivity would likewise reveal myelin fragmentation, as myelin sheaths block water diffusion out of the axon, with little to no changes expected for myelin sheath loosening. Statistical analysis of the same voxels-of-interest that were found to have reduced myelin water fraction 2 weeks post-concussion, revealed no statistically significant changes in magnetic susceptibility, axial diffusivity, or radial diffusivity at any time-point post-concussion. This suggests that myelin water fraction changes are likely due to a loosening of the myelin sheath structure, as opposed to fragmentation and removal of myelin debris.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2018.00575
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  4. Article: Metabolite measurements in the caudate nucleus, anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus among patients with mitochondrial disorders: a case-control study using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

    Anglin, Rebecca E / Rosebush, Patricia I / Noseworthy, Michael D / Tarnopolsky, Mark / Weber, Alexander M / Soreni, Noam / Mazurek, Michael F

    CMAJ open

    2013  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) E48–55

    Abstract: Background: Mitochondrial disorders are clinical syndromes associated with mutations in the mitochondrial or nuclear genome that result in impaired oxidative phosphorylation and deficient energy production. Metabolic abnormalities in brain areas ... ...

    Abstract Background: Mitochondrial disorders are clinical syndromes associated with mutations in the mitochondrial or nuclear genome that result in impaired oxidative phosphorylation and deficient energy production. Metabolic abnormalities in brain areas associated with cognitive functions could give rise to neuropsychiatric symptomatology. The aim of this study was to use single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify metabolic abnormalities in regions implicated in neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with mitochondrial disorders.
    Methods: N-acetyl-aspartate and creatine levels were measured in the caudate nucleus, anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus in 15 patients with mitochondrial disorders compared with 15 healthy controls matched for age and sex.
    Results: N-acetyl-aspartate levels were significantly lower in the caudate nucleus among patients with mitochondrial disorders (mean 7.04 ± 1.19 standard deviation [SD] institutional units) compared with healthy controls (mean 8.19 ± 1.18 SD institutional units; p = 0.02). Creatine levels were lower in the caudate nucleus among patients compared with controls (patients: mean 6.84 ± 1.42 SD institutional units; controls: mean 7.52 ± 0.76 SD institutional units; p = 0.03), but the results were no longer significant after correction for multiple comparisons. There were no significant differences in metabolite measurements between patients and controls in the anterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampus.
    Interpretation: Metabolic abnormalities were identified exclusively in the caudate nucleus, with significantly lower N-acetyl-aspartate levels among patients compared with controls. These results suggest that the corpus striatum may be highly susceptible to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation defects and resultant cell loss. Given the role of the caudate nucleus in cognitive and executive functions, our findings raise the possibility that metabolic abnormalities in the caudate nucleus may contribute to cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with mitochondrial disorders, which could be investigated in future studies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-04-26
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2701622-5
    ISSN 2291-0026
    ISSN 2291-0026
    DOI 10.9778/cmajo.20120020
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  5. Article ; Online: PDLIM5 is not a neuronal CaV2.2 adaptor protein.

    Gardezi, Sabiha R / Weber, Alexander M / Li, Qi / Wong, Fiona K / Stanley, Elise F

    Nature neuroscience

    2009  Volume 12, Issue 8, Page(s) 957–8; author reply 958

    MeSH term(s) Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Animals ; Antibody Specificity/immunology ; Calcium Channels, N-Type/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/ultrastructure ; Chick Embryo ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry/methods ; Immunoprecipitation/methods ; LIM Domain Proteins ; Neurochemistry/methods ; Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism ; Presynaptic Terminals/ultrastructure ; Protein Binding/physiology ; Protein Kinase C-epsilon/metabolism ; Rats ; Reproducibility of Results ; Synaptic Membranes/chemistry ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; CACNA1B protein, human ; Calcium Channels, N-Type ; LIM Domain Proteins ; PDLIM5 protein, human ; Protein Kinase C-epsilon (EC 2.7.11.13)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-07-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 1420596-8
    ISSN 1546-1726 ; 1097-6256
    ISSN (online) 1546-1726
    ISSN 1097-6256
    DOI 10.1038/nn0809-957a
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    Zs.A 4891: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: N-type Ca2+ channels carry the largest current: implications for nanodomains and transmitter release.

    Weber, Alexander M / Wong, Fiona K / Tufford, Adele R / Schlichter, Lyanne C / Matveev, Victor / Stanley, Elise F

    Nature neuroscience

    2010  Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) 1348–1350

    Abstract: Presynaptic terminals favor intermediate-conductance Ca(V)2.2 (N type) over high-conductance Ca(V)1 (L type) channels for single-channel, Ca(2+) nanodomain-triggered synaptic vesicle fusion. However, the standard Ca(V)1>Ca(V)2>Ca(V)3 conductance ... ...

    Abstract Presynaptic terminals favor intermediate-conductance Ca(V)2.2 (N type) over high-conductance Ca(V)1 (L type) channels for single-channel, Ca(2+) nanodomain-triggered synaptic vesicle fusion. However, the standard Ca(V)1>Ca(V)2>Ca(V)3 conductance hierarchy is based on recordings using nonphysiological divalent ion concentrations. We found that, with physiological Ca(2+) gradients, the hierarchy was Ca(V)2.2>Ca(V)1>Ca(V)3. Mathematical modeling predicts that the Ca(V)2.2 Ca(2+) nanodomain, which is ∼25% more extensive than that generated by Ca(V)1, can activate a calcium-fusion sensor located on the proximal face of the synaptic vesicle.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Calcium Channels, N-Type/classification ; Calcium Channels, N-Type/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ganglia, Spinal/cytology ; Ion Channel Gating/drug effects ; Ion Channel Gating/physiology ; Mathematics ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Membrane Potentials/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Neural Conduction/drug effects ; Neurons/drug effects ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques/methods ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Presynaptic Terminals/drug effects ; Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects ; Synaptic Vesicles/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Calcium Channel Blockers ; Calcium Channels, N-Type ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-10-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1420596-8
    ISSN 1546-1726 ; 1097-6256
    ISSN (online) 1546-1726
    ISSN 1097-6256
    DOI 10.1038/nn.2657
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