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Article ; Online: Pharmacist-driven penicillin skin testing service for adults prescribed nonpreferred antibiotics in a community hospital.

Englert, Ethan / Weeks, Andrea

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

2019 Volume 76, Issue 24, Page(s) 2060–2069

Abstract: Purpose: Results of a study evaluating the implementation and impact of a pharmacist-driven penicillin skin testing (PST) service for patients prescribed alternative antibiotics in the community hospital setting are reported.: Methods: A prospective ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Results of a study evaluating the implementation and impact of a pharmacist-driven penicillin skin testing (PST) service for patients prescribed alternative antibiotics in the community hospital setting are reported. Methods: A prospective pilot service in which patients with a documented penicillin allergy (type I, immunoglobulin E [IgE]-mediated) who were prescribed alternative antibiotics received PST by a trained pharmacist was implemented; if test results were negative, the allergy was de-labeled from their electronic medical record. The primary objective was the percentage of patients switched to first-line antibiotics. Secondary objectives included length of stay (LOS) and inpatient antimicrobial costs to the health system. Results: Twenty-two patients were proactively identified and received PST by a pharmacist. Of those tested, all were negative, with no type I (IgE-mediated) hypersensitivity reactions to the test itself or to the beta-lactam antibiotic administered thereafter; 68.2% (15/22) were successfully transitioned to a beta-lactam after PST. As a result, a decrease in the use of fluoroquinolones and vancomycin and an increase in use of narrow penicillin-based antibiotics and first- and second-generation cephalosporins were observed. The mean ± S.D. LOS per patient was 7.41 ± 6.1 days, and the total cost of inpatient antimicrobial therapy to the health system was $1,698.88. Conclusion: A pharmacist-driven PST service was successfully implemented in a community hospital setting.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis ; Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology ; Drug Prescriptions/standards ; Female ; Hospitals, Community/methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penicillins/administration & dosage ; Penicillins/adverse effects ; Pharmacists/standards ; Pilot Projects ; Professional Role ; Prospective Studies ; Skin Tests/methods
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Penicillins
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1224627-x
ISSN	1535-2900 ; 1079-2082
ISSN (online)	1535-2900
ISSN	1079-2082
DOI	10.1093/ajhp/zxz237
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Article: Vascular Flora and Ecological Community Assessment of the Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship, Loudoun County, Virginia

McMurchie, Elizabeth / Weeks, Andrea

Castanea. 2020 June 9, v. 85, no. 1

2020

Abstract: A floristic survey and analysis of community composition were conducted at the Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship (BRCES) in Loudoun County, Virginia during 2017 and 2018. BRCES comprises 392 hectares of open and forested upland and wetland ... ...

Abstract	A floristic survey and analysis of community composition were conducted at the Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship (BRCES) in Loudoun County, Virginia during 2017 and 2018. BRCES comprises 392 hectares of open and forested upland and wetland habitat between the Blue Ridge and Short Hill Mountain in the Northern Blue Ridge physiographic province. In 2014, the majority of BRCES was transferred to the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation to be developed into the county's first state park. This study provides the first comprehensive inventory of its vascular flora. In total, 515 vascular plant species belonging to 328 genera and 105 families were identified. Forty-four species and seven varieties and subspecies identified were new records for Loudoun County. Pycnanthemum torreyi and Platanthera peramoena, which are considered rare at the state level under the Virginia Natural Heritage Resources designations S2 (imperiled) and S1 (critically imperiled), were recorded. Eleven 20 m × 20 m forest vegetation plots were used to determine community types as defined by the Virginia Natural Heritage Program. Forested habitat comprised five distinct community types belonging to terrestrial and palustrine systems: Inner Piedmont/Lower Blue Ridge Basic Oak-Hickory Forest, Piedmont/Central Appalachian Rich Floodplain Forest, Northern Piedmont Small-Stream Floodplain Forest, Inner Piedmont/Lower Blue Ridge Basic Mesic Forest, and Piedmont/Central Appalachian Mixed Oak/Heath Forest.
Keywords	Castanea ; Platanthera ; Pycnanthemum ; community structure ; ecological communities ; environmental stewardship ; floodplains ; flora ; forest habitats ; forests ; highlands ; inventories ; piedmont ; recreation ; state parks ; surveys ; vascular plants ; wetlands ; Virginia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0609
Size	p. 42-64.
Publishing place	Southern Appalachian Botanical Society
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	951570-7
ISSN	0008-7475
ISSN	0008-7475
DOI	10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.42
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Article: Varieties of Melampyrum lineare (Orobanchaceae) Revisited

Oldham, Karoline A / Weeks, Andrea

Rhodora. 2017 July, v. 119, no. 979

2017

Abstract: Patterns of morphological variation within the North American annual hemiparasite, Melampyrum lineare, are reexamined in this study of its four varieties: M. lineare var. americanum, M. lineare var. latifolium, M. lineare var. lineare, and M. lineare var. ...

Abstract	Patterns of morphological variation within the North American annual hemiparasite, Melampyrum lineare, are reexamined in this study of its four varieties: M. lineare var. americanum, M. lineare var. latifolium, M. lineare var. lineare, and M. lineare var. pectinatum. Data were collected from 248 herbarium specimens drawn from the species' geographic range in Canada and the United States and included 45 vegetative, reproductive, and ecological characters. Each variety was found to have a broader distribution than previously reported, which expanded the area of known sympatry among the varieties to include most of the species' range. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences in morphology among the four varieties (p<0.001 in all cases). However, linear discriminant analysis of morphological data showed a continuum of variation and accurately identified the taxonomic variety of individual specimens only 44–75% of the time. Moreover, principal component analysis of continuous morphological variables failed to uncover partitions of the data that would support alternative circumscriptions of subspecific taxa. A chi-squared contingency test to determine if varietal determinations depended on soil-moisture level failed to find evidence supporting such a conclusion (p=0.121). Results show that morphological variation observed in this species cannot be divided into reliably diagnosable groups. While ecotypes are common in Eurasian Melampyrum species and are explained in part by seasonal variation, no common garden experiments to determine how abiotic and biotic conditions affect phenotype have been conducted using M. lineare. Ongoing molecular phylogeographic study of this species may provide alternative metrics for characterizing the diversity of this wide-ranging species.
Keywords	discriminant analysis ; ecotypes ; herbaria ; Melampyrum ; multivariate analysis ; North Americans ; phenotype ; phylogeography ; principal component analysis ; seasonal variation ; sympatry ; Canada ; United States
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-07
Size	p. 224-259.
Publishing place	New England Botanical Club
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2279990-4
ISSN	1938-3401 ; 0035-4902
ISSN (online)	1938-3401
ISSN	0035-4902
DOI	10.3119/16-13
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Mid‐Cretaceous angiosperm radiation and an asterid origin of bilaterality: diverse and extinct “Ericales” from New Jersey

Crepet, William L. / Nixon, Kevin C. / Weeks, Andrea

American journal of botany. 2018 Aug., v. 105, no. 8

2018

Abstract: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Numerous fossils from the Upper Cretaceous have been confidently placed within modern crown groups. Many 95–75 Myr‐old taxa, however, including the taxon described herein, do not fit well with known extant crown or stem groups. ... ...

Abstract	PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Numerous fossils from the Upper Cretaceous have been confidently placed within modern crown groups. Many 95–75 Myr‐old taxa, however, including the taxon described herein, do not fit well with known extant crown or stem groups. Understanding such fossils and their possible affinities would certainly enhance our understanding of the circumstances involved in a major eudicot radiation. METHODS: Bulk samples from the Old Crossman Clay Pit were prepared using standard methodology, which includes several washing and sieving steps, and a treatment with hydrofluoric acid. The fossil taxon was coded into a matrix built from the combination of two previously published morphological matrices and was analyzed using the parsimony criterion with the computer program TNT. KEY RESULTS: The fossils have a unique combination of characters relative to living and fossil Ericales taxa, and therefore, a new genus, Teuschestanthes, is erected. Mosaic evolution and rapid parallel changes in such groups blur taxonomic distinctions, and these issues are exacerbated by limited numbers of characters available in fossils. Teuschestanthes flowers are slightly bilaterally symmetrical and somewhat variable with regard to petal disposition, suggesting an early stage in transition to bilaterality from radial symmetry early in eudicot history under pollinator selective pressure. CONCLUSIONS: While Teuschestanthes shares characters with modern Ericales and Sapindales, there are significant non‐overlapping differences between Teuschestanthes and modern Sapindales (notably, among others, ovule number). Based on available evidence, however, the position of Teuschestanthes is likely as an early offshoot of the stem clade of core Ericales (Ericales sensu stricto). Its relatively unstable floral plan may presage subsequent bilaterality associated with growing selective pressure by advanced pollinators.
Keywords	Cretaceous period ; Ericales ; Sapindales ; computer software ; evolution ; fossils ; hydrofluoric acid ; new genus ; ovules ; pollinators ; New Jersey
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-08
Size	p. 1412-1423.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2935-x
ISSN	1537-2197 ; 0002-9122
ISSN (online)	1537-2197
ISSN	0002-9122
DOI	10.1002/ajb2.1131
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Biomes as evolutionary arenas: Convergence and conservatism in the trans‐continental succulent biome

Ringelberg, Jens J / Zimmermann, Niklaus E / Weeks, Andrea / Lavin, Matt / Hughes, Colin E

Global ecology and biogeography. 2020 July, v. 29, no. 7

2020

Abstract: AIM: Historically, biomes have been defined based on their structurally and functionally similar vegetation, but there is debate about whether these similarities are superficial, and about how biomes are defined and mapped. We propose that combined ... ...

Abstract	AIM: Historically, biomes have been defined based on their structurally and functionally similar vegetation, but there is debate about whether these similarities are superficial, and about how biomes are defined and mapped. We propose that combined assessment of evolutionary convergence of plant functional traits and phylogenetic biome conservatism provides a useful approach for characterizing biomes. We focus on the little‐known succulent biome, a trans‐continentally distributed assemblage of succulent‐rich, drought‐deciduous, fire‐free forest, thicket and scrub vegetation as a useful exemplar biome to gain insights into these questions. LOCATION: Global lowland (sub)tropics. TIME PERIOD: Present. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Angiosperms. METHODS: We use a model ensemble approach to model the distribution of 884 species of stem succulents, a plant functional group representing a striking example of evolutionary convergence. Using this model, phylogenies, and species occurrence data, we quantify phylogenetic succulent biome conservatism for 10 non‐succulent trans‐continental plant clades including prominent elements of the succulent biome, representing over 800 species. RESULTS: The geographical and climatic distributions of stem succulents provide an objective and quantitative proxy for mapping the distribution of the succulent biome. High fractions of succulent biome occupancy across continents suggest all 10 non‐succulent study clades are phylogenetically conserved within the succulent biome. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: The trans‐continental succulent and savanna biomes both show evolutionary convergence in key biome‐related plant functional traits. However, in contrast to the savanna biome, which was apparently assembled via repeated local recruitment of lineages via biome shifts from adjacent biomes within continents, the succulent biome forms a coherent trans‐continental evolutionary arena for drought‐adapted tropical biome conserved lineages. Recognizing the important functional differences between the succulent‐rich, grass‐poor, fire‐free succulent biome and the grass‐dominated, succulent‐poor, fire‐prone savanna biome, and defining them as distinct seasonally dry tropical biomes, occupying essentially non‐overlapping distributions, provides critical insights into tropical biodiversity and the extent of biome stasis versus biome shifting.
Keywords	Angiospermae ; biodiversity ; cacti and succulents ; ecosystems ; forests ; models ; phylogeny ; savannas ; shrublands ; tropics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-07
Size	p. 1100-1113.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2021283-5
ISSN	1466-8238 ; 1466-822X ; 0960-7447
ISSN (online)	1466-8238
ISSN	1466-822X ; 0960-7447
DOI	10.1111/geb.13089
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Mid-Cretaceous angiosperm radiation and an asterid origin of bilaterality: diverse and extinct "Ericales" from New Jersey.

Crepet, William L / Nixon, Kevin C / Weeks, Andrea

American journal of botany

2018 Volume 105, Issue 8, Page(s) 1412–1423

Abstract: Premise of the study: Numerous fossils from the Upper Cretaceous have been confidently placed within modern crown groups. Many 95-75 Myr-old taxa, however, including the taxon described herein, do not fit well with known extant crown or stem groups. ... ...

Abstract	Premise of the study: Numerous fossils from the Upper Cretaceous have been confidently placed within modern crown groups. Many 95-75 Myr-old taxa, however, including the taxon described herein, do not fit well with known extant crown or stem groups. Understanding such fossils and their possible affinities would certainly enhance our understanding of the circumstances involved in a major eudicot radiation. Methods: Bulk samples from the Old Crossman Clay Pit were prepared using standard methodology, which includes several washing and sieving steps, and a treatment with hydrofluoric acid. The fossil taxon was coded into a matrix built from the combination of two previously published morphological matrices and was analyzed using the parsimony criterion with the computer program TNT. Key results: The fossils have a unique combination of characters relative to living and fossil Ericales taxa, and therefore, a new genus, Teuschestanthes, is erected. Mosaic evolution and rapid parallel changes in such groups blur taxonomic distinctions, and these issues are exacerbated by limited numbers of characters available in fossils. Teuschestanthes flowers are slightly bilaterally symmetrical and somewhat variable with regard to petal disposition, suggesting an early stage in transition to bilaterality from radial symmetry early in eudicot history under pollinator selective pressure. Conclusions: While Teuschestanthes shares characters with modern Ericales and Sapindales, there are significant non-overlapping differences between Teuschestanthes and modern Sapindales (notably, among others, ovule number). Based on available evidence, however, the position of Teuschestanthes is likely as an early offshoot of the stem clade of core Ericales (Ericales sensu stricto). Its relatively unstable floral plan may presage subsequent bilaterality associated with growing selective pressure by advanced pollinators.
MeSH term(s)	Biological Evolution ; Ericales/anatomy & histology ; Ericales/genetics ; Flowers/anatomy & histology ; Fossils/anatomy & histology ; New Jersey
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2935-x
ISSN	1537-2197 ; 0002-9122
ISSN (online)	1537-2197
ISSN	0002-9122
DOI	10.1002/ajb2.1131
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Article: (with research data) Development of novel, exon-primed intron-crossing (EPIC) markers from EST databases and evaluation of their phylogenetic utility in Commiphora (Burseraceae).

Gostel, Morgan R / Weeks, Andrea

Applications in plant sciences

2014 Volume 2, Issue 4

Language	English
Publishing date	2014-03-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2699923-7
ISSN	2168-0450
ISSN	2168-0450
DOI	10.3732/apps.1300098
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Article: Evolution of the pili nut genus (Canarium L., Burseraceae) and its cultivated species

Weeks, Andrea

Genetic resources and crop evolution. 2009 Sept., v. 56, no. 6

2009

Abstract: Seeds from species of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) have been recommended as a potential nut crop for global trade that, if adopted, would be the first 'new' nut commodity since the introduction of the Macadamia nut in the early 20th century. The present ... ...

Abstract	Seeds from species of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) have been recommended as a potential nut crop for global trade that, if adopted, would be the first 'new' nut commodity since the introduction of the Macadamia nut in the early 20th century. The present study addresses several knowledge gaps about the evolutionary biology of Canarium species in order to explore their phylogeny and cultivation history in greater detail. The phylogeny of select Canarium species (16 spp.) from the three taxonomic sections of the genus was reconstructed using DNA sequence data from seven regions and included cultivated species C. album (Lour.) Raeusch., C. decumanum Gaertn., C. harveyi Seem., C. indicum L., C. ovatum Engl., C. tramdenum C.D. Dai et Yakovlev, and C. vulgare Leenh.. Sequence data from the nuclear genome (rDNA external transcribed spacer (ETS), the third intron of nitrate reductase (NIA-i3)) and the chloroplast genome (rbcL, rps16 intron, psbA-trnH spacer, trnL intron and trnL-F spacer) were analyzed using parsimony and Bayesian inference. Results indicate that Canarium comprises at least two distantly related evolutionary lineages within its tribe, desirable fruit characteristics of cultivated and wild-harvested edible species have evolved multiple times, and autopolyploidization rather than allopolyploidization may have been associated with speciation in Canarium sensu stricto. The markers ETS, NIA-i3, rps16 intron, and psbA-trnH spacer will provide the most informative variation for future expanded studies of Canarium phylogeny, although detailed morphological study and taxonomic revision of the genus will be necessary as well.
Keywords	Canarium ; Macadamia ; chloroplasts ; edible species ; introns ; nitrate reductase ; nuclear genome ; phylogeny ; ribosomal DNA ; seeds ; trade ; transcription (genetics)
Language	English
Dates of publication	2009-09
Size	p. 765-781.
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publishing place	Dordrecht
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1134125-7
ISSN	0925-9864
ISSN	0925-9864
DOI	10.1007/s10722-008-9400-4
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: An Expanded Nuclear Phylogenomic PCR Toolkit for Sapindales

Collins, Elizabeth S / Gostel Morgan R / Weeks Andrea

Applications in plant sciences. 2016 Dec., v. 4, no. 12

2016

Abstract: Premise of the study: We tested PCR amplification of 91 low-copy nuclear gene loci in taxa from Sapindales using primers developed for Bursera simaruba (Burseraceae).Methods and Results: Cross-amplification of these markers among 10 taxa tested was ... ...

Abstract	Premise of the study: We tested PCR amplification of 91 low-copy nuclear gene loci in taxa from Sapindales using primers developed for Bursera simaruba (Burseraceae).Methods and Results: Cross-amplification of these markers among 10 taxa tested was related to their phylogenetic distance from B. simaruba. On average, each Sapindalean taxon yielded product for 53 gene regions (range: 16â90). Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicales), by contrast, yielded product for two. Single representatives of Anacardiaceae and Rutacaeae yielded 34 and 26 products, respectively. Twenty-six primer pairs worked for all Burseraceae species tested if highly divergent Aucoumea klaineana is excluded, and eight of these amplified product in every Sapindalean taxon.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that customized primers for Bursera can amplify product in a range of Sapindalean taxa. This collection of primer pairs, therefore, is a valuable addition to the toolkit for nuclear phylogenomic analyses of Sapindales and warrants further investigation.
Keywords	Anacardiaceae ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Bursera simaruba ; genes ; loci ; phylogeny ; polymerase chain reaction
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-12
Size	p. .
Publishing place	Botanical Society of America
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2699923-7
ISSN	2168-0450
ISSN	2168-0450
DOI	10.3732%2Fapps.1600078
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Article: An expanded nuclear phylogenomic PCR toolkit for Sapindales.

Collins, Elizabeth S / Gostel, Morgan R / Weeks, Andrea

Applications in plant sciences

2016 Volume 4, Issue 12

Abstract: Premise of the study: We tested PCR amplification of 91 low-copy nuclear gene loci in taxa from Sapindales using primers developed for : Methods and results: Cross-amplification of these markers among 10 taxa tested was related to their phylogenetic ... ...

Abstract	Premise of the study: We tested PCR amplification of 91 low-copy nuclear gene loci in taxa from Sapindales using primers developed for Methods and results: Cross-amplification of these markers among 10 taxa tested was related to their phylogenetic distance from Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that customized primers for
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2699923-7
ISSN	2168-0450
ISSN	2168-0450
DOI	10.3732/apps.1600078
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