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  1. Article ; Online: βENaC is required for whole cell mechanically gated currents in renal vascular smooth muscle cells.

    Chung, Wen-Shuo / Weissman, Jennifer L / Farley, Jerry / Drummond, Heather A

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2013  Volume 304, Issue 12, Page(s) F1428–37

    Abstract: Myogenic constrictor responses in small renal arteries and afferent arterioles are suppressed in mice with reduced levels of β-epithelial Na⁺ channel (βENaC(m/m)). The underlying mechanism is unclear. Decreased activity of voltage-gated calcium channels ( ...

    Abstract Myogenic constrictor responses in small renal arteries and afferent arterioles are suppressed in mice with reduced levels of β-epithelial Na⁺ channel (βENaC(m/m)). The underlying mechanism is unclear. Decreased activity of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) or mechanically gated ion channels and increased activity of large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are a few possible mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to determine if VGCC, BK, or mechanically gated ion channel activity was altered in renal vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) from βENaC(m/m) mice. To address this, we used whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiological approaches in freshly isolated renal VSMCs. Compared with βENaC(+/+) controls, the current-voltage relationships for VGCC and BK activity are similar in βENaC(m/m) mice. These findings suggest neither VGCC nor BK channel dysfunction accounts for reduced myogenic constriction in βENaC(m/m) mice. We then examined mechanically gated currents using a novel in vitro assay where VSMCs are mechanically activated by stretching an underlying elastomer. We found the mechanically gated currents, predominantly carried by Na⁺, are observed with less frequency (87 vs. 43%) and have smaller magnitude (-54.1 ± 12.5 vs. -20.9 ± 4.9 pA) in renal VSMCs from βENaC(m/m) mice. Residual currents are expected in this model since VSMC βENaC expression is reduced by 50%. These findings suggest βENaC is required for normal mechanically gated currents in renal VSMCs and their disruption may account for the reduced myogenic constriction in the βENaC(m/m) model. Our findings are consistent with the role of βENaC as a VSMC mechanosensor and function of evolutionarily related nematode degenerin proteins.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Epithelial Sodium Channels/physiology ; Ion Channel Gating/physiology ; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/physiology ; Mechanoreceptors/physiology ; Mice ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/physiology ; Vasoconstriction/physiology
    Chemical Substances Epithelial Sodium Channels ; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated ; Scnn1b protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00444.2012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Promoting appropriate antibiotic use for pediatric patients: a social ecological framework.

    Weissman, Jennifer / Besser, Richard E

    Seminars in pediatric infectious diseases

    2004  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–51

    Abstract: During the 1990s, the number of prescriptions for antibiotics for children and adolescents finally decreased after more than a decade of alarming increases. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and many other groups have designed and ... ...

    Abstract During the 1990s, the number of prescriptions for antibiotics for children and adolescents finally decreased after more than a decade of alarming increases. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and many other groups have designed and implemented interventions to promote appropriate prescribing of antibiotics, and these efforts appear to have contributed to recent decreases in rates of such prescribing. In this article, we describe the various types of interventions that the CDC and others are using to encourage appropriate use of antibiotics. A social ecological framework is used to describe the various factors contributing to prescribing and using antibiotics, as well as the interventions used for targeting these factors. Although most efforts promoting appropriate use of antibiotics have focused on reducing such use for viral infections, future efforts also should include a focus on ensuring the use of targeted agents when antibiotics are indicated.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Drug Utilization ; Humans ; Infant ; Infection/drug therapy ; Otitis Media/drug therapy ; Pediatrics ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1068017-2
    ISSN 1557-9387 ; 1045-1870
    ISSN (online) 1557-9387
    ISSN 1045-1870
    DOI 10.1053/j.spid.2004.01.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 3172: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Pre-transplant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with a lower recurrence after liver transplantation.

    Lao, Oliver B / Weissman, Jennifer / Perkins, James D

    Clinical transplantation

    2009  Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 874–881

    Abstract: Background: Hepatic transplantation has been advocated as an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We seek to determine if pre-transplant therapies can reduce post-transplant recurrence.: Methods: We conducted a retrospective review ...

    Abstract Background: Hepatic transplantation has been advocated as an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We seek to determine if pre-transplant therapies can reduce post-transplant recurrence.
    Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of prospective data in patients undergoing transplantation for HCC 2001-2006. Patients were followed for recurrence every six months with abdominal computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Logistic regression analyzed recipient factors such as prior treatment for HCC, donor, operative, and tumor factors in comparing patients developing HCC recurrence with those without recurrence.
    Results: During the study period, we performed 124 hepatic transplants for HCC [age: 55 +/- 7.6 yr; 104 (85%) male, 81 (66%) white, and 32 (26%) Asian]. Recurrence was found in nine at a mean of 2.6 yr follow-up. Thirty-three patients (27%) had pre-transplant treatment (radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization or percutaneous ethanol injection). Univariable logistic regression identified nine factors [body mass index, Asian race, hepatitis B, prior HCC therapy, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, bilirubin, and international normalized ratio] predictive of HCC recurrence at a level of p < 0.1. Multiple logistic regression analysis of six of the nine selected factors demonstrated AFP level >1000, calculated pre-transplant MELD score <14, and the lack of any pre-transplant treatment were significantly associated with recurrence of HCC. No patient with prior HCC therapy had recurrence.
    Conclusions: In patients with HCC awaiting hepatic transplantation, there is a reduced rate of recurrence of HCC if tumors are pre-treated with liver-directed therapy. By treating HCC tumors with any type of treatment prior to transplant, we can significantly reduce the odds of HCC recurrence after transplant.
    MeSH term(s) Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy ; Catheter Ablation/methods ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Liver Neoplasms/therapy ; Liver Transplantation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/epidemiology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control ; Preoperative Care/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-11
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639001-8
    ISSN 1399-0012 ; 0902-0063
    ISSN (online) 1399-0012
    ISSN 0902-0063
    DOI 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2009.00993.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 2204: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Comparing GPS, Log, Survey, and Accelerometry to Measure Physical Activity.

    James, Peter / Weissman, Jennifer / Wolf, Jean / Mumford, Karen / Contant, Cheryl K / Hwang, Wei-Ting / Taylor, Lynne / Glanz, Karen

    American journal of health behavior

    2015  Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 123–131

    Abstract: Objectives: We explored how objectively measured global positioning system (GPS) and accelerometer data match with travel logs and questionnaires in predicting trip duration and physical activity (PA).: Methods: 99 participants wore GPS devices and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: We explored how objectively measured global positioning system (GPS) and accelerometer data match with travel logs and questionnaires in predicting trip duration and physical activity (PA).
    Methods: 99 participants wore GPS devices and accelerometers, and recorded all trips in a log for 5 consecutive days. Participants also completed a self-administered questionnaire on PA and travel behaviors.
    Results: There was good agreement between GPS and log for assessment of trip duration, although log measures overestimated trip duration (concordance correlation coefficient 0.53 [0.47, 0.59]; Bland-Altman estimate 0.76 [0.16, 3.71] comparing GPS to log). Log measures underestimated light PA and overestimated moderate PA compared to accelerometry when greater than zero moderate PA was reported.
    Conclusions: It is often not feasible to deploy accelerometry or GPS devices in population research because these devices are expensive and require technical expertise and data processing. Questionnaires and logs provide inexpensive tools to assess PA and travel with reasonable concordance with objective measures. However, they have shortcomings in evaluating the presence and amount of light and moderate PA. Future questionnaires and logs should be developed to evaluate sensitivity to light and moderate PA.
    MeSH term(s) Accelerometry/standards ; Adult ; Female ; Geographic Information Systems/standards ; Health Surveys/standards ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Self Report/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-11-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1312417-1
    ISSN 1945-7359 ; 1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
    ISSN (online) 1945-7359
    ISSN 1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
    DOI 10.5993/AJHB.40.1.14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Changes in physical activity and travel behaviors in residents of a mixed-use development.

    Mumford, Karen G / Contant, Cheryl K / Weissman, Jennifer / Wolf, Jean / Glanz, Karen

    American journal of preventive medicine

    2011  Volume 41, Issue 5, Page(s) 504–507

    Abstract: Background: Mixed-use developments may be especially promising settings for encouraging walking and other types of physical activity.: Purpose: This study examined the physical activity and travel behaviors of individuals before and after they ... ...

    Abstract Background: Mixed-use developments may be especially promising settings for encouraging walking and other types of physical activity.
    Purpose: This study examined the physical activity and travel behaviors of individuals before and after they relocated to Atlantic Station, a mixed-use redevelopment community in metropolitan Atlanta.
    Methods: A survey study was conducted to compare the behaviors, experiences, and attitudes of Atlantic Station residents before and after moving to a mixed-use neighborhood. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009 and analyzed in 2010. Key dependent variables were self-reported physical activity and travel behaviors including walking for recreation and transport, automobile use, and use of public transportation.
    Results: Study participants included 101 adult residents of Atlantic Station, most of whom were female, young, and well educated. There were significant increases in walking for recreation or fitness (46%-54%; p<0.05) and walking for transportation (44%-84%; p<0.001) after moving into the mixed-use development. Respondents also reported reduced automobile travel and increased time spent using public transportation after moving to Atlantic Station. Because this study used individuals as their own controls, there is more control over confounding lifestyle variables compared to cross-sectional studies of individuals living in different neighborhoods.
    Conclusions: Adults who move to a denser, mixed-use neighborhood increase their levels of walking for both recreation and transportation, decrease their automobile travel, and increase their use of public transportation.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Automobile Driving/statistics & numerical data ; Data Collection ; Environment Design ; Female ; Georgia ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Recreation ; Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data ; Transportation/statistics & numerical data ; Walking/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 632646-8
    ISSN 1873-2607 ; 0749-3797
    ISSN (online) 1873-2607
    ISSN 0749-3797
    DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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