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  1. Article ; Online: Advance provision of emergency contraception to young men: An exploratory study in a clinic setting.

    Garbers, Samantha / Bell, D L / Ogaye, K / Marcell, A V / Westhoff, C L / Rosenthal, S L

    Contraception

    2018  

    Abstract: Purpose: To explore the acceptability of advance provision of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) to young men seeking health care.: Methods: For this exploratory study in a clinic setting, we approached young men aged 16-35 to participate in a ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To explore the acceptability of advance provision of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) to young men seeking health care.
    Methods: For this exploratory study in a clinic setting, we approached young men aged 16-35 to participate in a survey eliciting socio-demographics, sexual and contraceptive history, and knowledge about ECPs. We offered young men advance provision of ECPs and compared characteristics of 126 young men who did and did not accept the ECPs.
    Results: Most (76%) of the participants accepted advance provision and left with an ECP pack, with even higher proportions among males whose sexual histories were suggestive of increased risk of involvement in an unintended pregnancy.
    Conclusions: This study holds promise to inform scale up of advance provision of ECPs among young men.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80106-9
    ISSN 1879-0518 ; 0010-7824
    ISSN (online) 1879-0518
    ISSN 0010-7824
    DOI 10.1016/j.contraception.2018.04.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Oral contraceptives and cardiovascular risk-an end to the debate?

    Westhoff, C L

    Contraception

    2000  Volume 62, Issue 2 Suppl, Page(s) 1S–2S

    MeSH term(s) Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Contraceptives, Oral/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Contraceptives, Oral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-10-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Congress
    ZDB-ID 80106-9
    ISSN 0010-7824
    ISSN 0010-7824
    DOI 10.1016/s0010-7824(00)00150-5
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  3. Article: Breast cancer risk: perception versus reality.

    Westhoff, C L

    Contraception

    1999  Volume 59, Issue 1 Suppl, Page(s) 25S–28S

    Abstract: Evidence that breast cancer is hormonally mediated has fueled women's concern that use of oral contraceptives (OC) will increase their risk of developing the disease. A recent reanalysis of combined worldwide epidemiologic evidence regarding the ... ...

    Abstract Evidence that breast cancer is hormonally mediated has fueled women's concern that use of oral contraceptives (OC) will increase their risk of developing the disease. A recent reanalysis of combined worldwide epidemiologic evidence regarding the relationship between breast cancer risk and use of combination OC provides reassurance that there is little or no association between OC use and breast cancer. Ten or more years after discontinuation of OC use, there is no difference in cumulative risk of breast cancer among OC ever-users and never-users. The risk of breast cancer diagnosis is slightly elevated in current OC users and remains slightly elevated until about 10 years after OC discontinuation. Once recency of use is taken into account, other characteristics have little additional effect. There is no increase in breast cancer risk with increasing dose or duration of OC use and no difference in risk related to type of estrogen or progestin used. Moreover, those breast cancers diagnosed in OC ever-users were found to be significantly more likely to be localized than those diagnosed in same-age never-users.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Breast Neoplasms/psychology ; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/adverse effects ; Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal ; Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80106-9
    ISSN 0010-7824
    ISSN 0010-7824
    DOI 10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00134-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Oral contraceptives and thrombosis: an overview of study methods and recent results.

    Westhoff, C L

    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology

    1998  Volume 179, Issue 3 Pt 2, Page(s) S38–42

    Abstract: Studies of the associations between oral contraceptives and cardiovascular disease are limited by the extreme rarity of these problems among young women. There are no randomized, controlled trials, and the large, prospective cohort studies only have data ...

    Abstract Studies of the associations between oral contraceptives and cardiovascular disease are limited by the extreme rarity of these problems among young women. There are no randomized, controlled trials, and the large, prospective cohort studies only have data regarding older oral contraceptive formulations that are now little used. Historical cohort studies that use record-linkage techniques to analyze data from computerized databases represent a new approach to assessing oral contraceptive use and thrombosis. The largest new studies, with the most sophisticated analyses, use the case-control design. A surprising result of the new studies was a difference in risk of thrombosis according to progestin type. Because these are observational rather than randomized studies, clinical factors influence the choice of oral contraceptive and may bias the study results. Controversy about the surprising results has stimulated additional analyses and critical reviews in an attempt to explain the associations.
    MeSH term(s) Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Research Design ; Risk ; Thrombosis/chemically induced
    Chemical Substances Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80016-8
    ISSN 1097-6868 ; 0002-9378
    ISSN (online) 1097-6868
    ISSN 0002-9378
    DOI 10.1053/ob.1998.v179.a91673
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  5. Article: A perspective on the concept of "risk".

    Westhoff, C L

    Dialogues in contraception

    1996  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 8–9

    MeSH term(s) Biology ; Contraception ; Contraceptive Agents ; Contraceptive Agents, Female ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Contraceptives, Oral, Combined ; Desogestrel ; Disease ; Embolism ; Family Planning Services ; Risk Factors ; Thromboembolism ; Vascular Diseases
    Chemical Substances Contraceptive Agents ; Contraceptive Agents, Female ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Contraceptives, Oral, Combined ; Desogestrel (81K9V7M3A3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1996
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Current assessment of the use of intrauterine devices.

    Westhoff, C L

    Journal of nurse-midwifery

    1996  Volume 41, Issue 3, Page(s) 218–223

    Abstract: The need for effective, long-term contraception remains a significant issue. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have evolved to the point where currently available devices are comparable, in safety and efficacy, to oral contraceptives. Due to concerns regarding ...

    Abstract The need for effective, long-term contraception remains a significant issue. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have evolved to the point where currently available devices are comparable, in safety and efficacy, to oral contraceptives. Due to concerns regarding previous devices, available IUDs remain largely underused by midwives and all other providers of reproductive health care. Recent medical data refute many of the medical-legal misconceptions. Currently available IUDs are safe and effective and represent a suitable contraceptive alternative for the appropriate patient.
    MeSH term(s) Copper ; Equipment Failure ; Equipment Safety ; Female ; Humans ; Intrauterine Devices/adverse effects ; Malpractice ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease/etiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic/etiology
    Chemical Substances Copper (789U1901C5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1996-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 603980-7
    ISSN 0091-2182
    ISSN 0091-2182
    DOI 10.1016/0091-2182(96)00015-8
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  7. Article: Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism: should epidemiologic associations drive clinical decision making?

    Westhoff, C L

    Contraception

    1996  Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–3

    MeSH term(s) Contraceptives, Oral/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Thromboembolism/epidemiology ; Thromboembolism/etiology
    Chemical Substances Contraceptives, Oral
    Language English
    Publishing date 1996-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 80106-9
    ISSN 0010-7824
    ISSN 0010-7824
    DOI 10.1016/0010-7824(96)00111-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Oral contraceptives and breast cancer--resolution emerges.

    Westhoff, C L

    Contraception

    1996  Volume 54, Issue 3 Suppl, Page(s) i–ii

    MeSH term(s) Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Women's Health
    Chemical Substances Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal
    Language English
    Publishing date 1996-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 80106-9
    ISSN 0010-7824
    ISSN 0010-7824
    DOI 10.1016/s0010-7824(15)30001-9
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  9. Article: Epidemiologic studies: pitfalls in interpretation.

    Westhoff, C L

    Dialogues in contraception

    1995  Volume 4, Issue 5, Page(s) 5–6, 8

    MeSH term(s) Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Bias ; Biology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Counseling ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Epidemiology ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Health ; Health Planning ; Public Health ; Research Design ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 1995
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Noncontraceptive health benefits of OCs

    Westhoff, C. L

    Benefits and risks of OCs: a current perspective. Symposium monograph, [compiled by] Health Learning Systems

    1997  

    Abstract: Epidemiologic studies consistently reveal that oral contraceptives (OCs) reduce the risk of several common gynecologic pathologies, including endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, functional ovarian cysts, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, ... ...

    Author's details C.L. Westhoff
    Abstract Epidemiologic studies consistently reveal that oral contraceptives (OCs) reduce the risk of several common gynecologic pathologies, including endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, functional ovarian cysts, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, benign breast disease, iron deficiency anemia, menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, and bone loss. The orderly delivery of estrogen and progestin associated with OC use promotes menstrual cycle regulation, while the prevention of ovulation decreases premenstrual syndrome and the likelihood of ectopic pregnancy. OC use is further associated with a 50% decrease in endometrial cancer and a duration-dependent 40-80% reduction in ovarian cancer. Low-dose OCs can reduce the risk of hospitalization for pelvic inflammatory disease by 60%. Although epidemiologic analysis of the effect of OC use on osteoporosis is hindered by the limited population of postmenopausal former OC users, studies in younger past and current OC users have identified a bone-sparing effect and increase in bone mineral density. Despite these important effects, 58% of US women surveyed in a recent Gallup poll could not cite a single noncontraceptive health benefit of OC use.
    MeSH term(s) Contraceptives, Oral, Combined ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Menstruation Disturbances ; Osteoporosis ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Reproductive Medicine ; Biology ; Bone and Bones ; Contraception ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Disease ; Family Planning Services ; Health ; Infection ; Neoplasms ; Physiology
    Keywords Endometrial Cancer ; Menstruation Disorders ; Oral Contraceptives, Combined ; Osteoporosis ; Ovarian Cancer ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Reproductive Health ; Cancer ; Contraceptive Methods ; Diseases ; Infections ; Oral Contraceptives ; Reproductive Tract Infections ; Skeletal Effects
    Language English
    Size p. 29-36.
    Publishing place Little Falls, New Jersey, Health Learning Systems
    Document type Article
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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