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Article ; Online: Prediction of breast cancer risk among women of the Mariana Islands: the BRISK retrospective case-control study.

Shvetsov, Yurii B / Wilkens, Lynne R / White, Kami K / Chong, Marie / Buyum, Arielle / Badowski, Grazyna / Leon Guerrero, Rachael T / Novotny, Rachel

BMJ open

2022 Volume 12, Issue 12, Page(s) e061205

Abstract: Objectives: To develop a breast cancer risk prediction model for Chamorro and Filipino women of the Mariana Islands and compare its performance to that of the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT).: Design: Case-control study.: Setting: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To develop a breast cancer risk prediction model for Chamorro and Filipino women of the Mariana Islands and compare its performance to that of the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT). Design: Case-control study. Setting: Clinics/facilities and other community-based settings on Guam and Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands). Participants: 245 women (87 breast cancer cases and 158 controls) of Chamorro or Filipino ethnicity, age 25-80 years, with no prior history of cancer (other than skin cancer), residing on Guam or Saipan for at least 5 years. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Breast cancer risk models were constructed using combinations of exposures previously identified to affect breast cancer risk in this population, population breast cancer incidence rates and all-cause mortality rates for Guam. Results: Models using ethnic-specific relative risks performed better than those with relative risks estimated from all women. The model with the best performance among both ethnicities (the Breast Cancer Risk Model (BRISK) model; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC): 0.64 and 0.67 among Chamorros and Filipinos, respectively) included age at menarche, age at first live birth, number of relatives with breast cancer and waist circumference. The 10-year breast cancer risk predicted by the BRISK model was 1.28% for Chamorros and 0.89% for Filipinos. Performance of the BCRAT was modest among both Chamorros (AUC: 0.60) and Filipinos (AUC: 0.55), possibly due to incomplete information on BCRAT risk factors. Conclusions: The ability to develop breast cancer risk models for Mariana Islands women is constrained by the small population size and limited availability of health services and data. Nonetheless, we have demonstrated that breast cancer risk prediction models with adequate discriminatory performance can be built for small populations such as in the Mariana Islands. Anthropometry, in particular waist circumference, was important for estimating breast cancer risk in this population.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Risk ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Micronesia/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061205
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Article: Mediators of a 12-month change in physical activity in ethnically diverse sample of postpartum women.

Albright, Cheryl L / Wilkens, Lynne R / Saiki, Kara / White, Kami K / Steffen, Alana D

Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine

2020 Volume 4, Issue 19, Page(s) 215–224

Abstract: Purpose: Understanding theoretically derived social and behavioral mediators of long-term increases in physical activity (PA) in a vulnerable population at risk for being underactive is needed to inform future research, clinical applications, and public ...

Abstract	Purpose: Understanding theoretically derived social and behavioral mediators of long-term increases in physical activity (PA) in a vulnerable population at risk for being underactive is needed to inform future research, clinical applications, and public health efforts. This is an analysis of potential mediators of an intervention that increased long-term (12-month) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in postpartum (2-12months) women in a randomized trial, using a longitudinal analysis. Methods: Healthy, underactive (i.e., not meeting national guidelines for MVPA) women (n = 311; mean age = 32 ± 5.6 years, 85% minorities) with infants (mean age: 5.7 ± 2.8 months) were randomly assigned to either a tailored eHealth condition consisting of personalized telephone counseling plus access to a website tailored to new mothers' MVPA issues or to a standard MVPA materials-only website. MVPA was assessed via surveys completed at baseline, then 6 and 12 months later. Theoretically derived mediators included social support for MVPA, self-efficacy to increase MVPA, barriers to increasing MVPA, and benefits of increasing MVPA. Results: All mediators, except benefits, improved over the 12 months in the tailored eHealth condition. The tailored condition's effect on increasing MVPA from 6 months to 12 months was mediated by an increase in social support from baseline to six months. No other hypothesized mediators were significant. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that learning strategies to increase social support for MVPA was instrumental in new mothers' increase in MVPA over a 12 month intervention. During this brief but impactful life-stage, where the focus can understandably be on her baby, being able to elicit support from friends and family may facilitate women's efforts to focus on their own needs with respect to MVPA. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2379-2868
ISSN	2379-2868
DOI	10.1249/TJX.0000000000000106
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Article ; Online: Circulating 27-hydroxycholesterol, lipids, and steroid hormones in breast cancer risk: a nested case-control study of the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

DeRouen, Mindy C / Yang, Juan / Li, Yuqing / Franke, Adrian A / Tome, Anne N / White, Kami K / Hernandez, Brenda Y / Shvetsov, Yurii / Setiawan, Veronica / Wu, Anna H / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc / Loo, Lenora W M / Cheng, Iona

Breast cancer research : BCR

2023 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 95

Abstract: Background: Laboratory studies have indicated that a cholesterol metabolite and selective estrogen receptor modulator, 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), may be important in breast cancer etiology and explain associations between obesity and postmenopausal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Laboratory studies have indicated that a cholesterol metabolite and selective estrogen receptor modulator, 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), may be important in breast cancer etiology and explain associations between obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. Epidemiologic evidence for 27HC in breast cancer risk is limited, particularly in multiethnic populations. Methods: In a nested case-control study of 1470 breast cancer cases and 1470 matched controls within the Multiethnic Cohort Study, we examined associations of pre-diagnostic circulating 27HC with breast cancer risk among African American, Japanese American, Native Hawaiian, Latino, and non-Latino White postmenopausal females. We used multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, education, parity, body mass index, and smoking status. Stratified analyses were conducted across racial and ethnic groups, hormone receptor (HR) status, and use of lipid-lowering drugs. We assessed interactions of 27HC with steroid hormones. Results: 27HC levels were inversely related to breast cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58, 1.12), but the association was not statistically significant in the full model. Directions of associations differed by racial and ethnic group. Results suggested an inverse association with HR-negative breast cancer (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.20, 1.06). 27HC interacted with testosterone, but not estrone, on risk of breast cancer; 27HC was only inversely associated with risk among those with the highest levels of testosterone (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24, 0.86). Conclusion: This is the first US study to examine circulating 27HC and breast cancer risk and reports a weak inverse association that varies across racial and ethnic groups and testosterone level.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Cohort Studies ; Case-Control Studies ; Risk Factors ; Hydroxycholesterols ; Testosterone
Chemical Substances	27-hydroxycholesterol (6T2NA6P5SQ) ; Hydroxycholesterols ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2015059-3
ISSN	1465-542X ; 1465-5411
ISSN (online)	1465-542X
ISSN	1465-5411
DOI	10.1186/s13058-023-01693-6
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Article ; Online: Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Differences in a Deficit Accumulation Frailty Index in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Wu, Anna H / Setiawan, V Wendy / Stram, Daniel O / Crimmins, Eileen M / Tseng, Chiu-Chen / Lim, Unhee / Park, Song-Yi / White, Kami K / Cheng, Iona / Haiman, Christopher A / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

2022 Volume 78, Issue 7, Page(s) 1246–1257

Abstract: Background: Frailty status has been sparsely studied in some groups including Native Hawaiians and Asian Americans.: Methods: We developed a questionnaire-based deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) and examined ... ...

Abstract	Background: Frailty status has been sparsely studied in some groups including Native Hawaiians and Asian Americans. Methods: We developed a questionnaire-based deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) and examined frailty status (robust, FI 0 to <0.2, prefrail, FI 0.2 to <0.35, and frail FI ≥ 0.35) among 29 026 men and 40 756 women. Results: After adjustment for age, demographic, lifestyle factors, and chronic conditions, relative to White men, odds of being frail was significantly higher (34%-54%) among African American, Native Hawaiian, and other Asian American men, whereas odds was significantly lower (36%) in Japanese American men and did not differ in Latino men. However, among men who had high school or less, none of the groups displayed significantly higher odds of prefrail or frail compared with White men. Relative to White women, odds of being frail were significantly higher (14%-33%) in African American and Latino women, did not differ for other Asian American women and lower (14%-36%) in Native Hawaiian and Japanese American women. These racial and ethnic differences in women were observed irrespective of education. Risk of all-cause mortality was higher in prefrail and frail men than robust men (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.69, 1.59-1.81; HR = 3.27, 3.03-3.53); results were similar in women. All-cause mortality was significantly positively associated with frailty status and frailty score across all sex, race, and ethnic groups. Conclusions: Frailty status differed significantly by race and ethnicity and was consistently associated with all-cause mortality. The FI may be a useful tool for aging studies in this multiethnic population.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Male ; Cohort Studies ; Educational Status ; Ethnicity ; Frailty ; Hispanic or Latino ; Black or African American ; Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander ; White
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1223643-3
ISSN	1758-535X ; 1079-5006
ISSN (online)	1758-535X
ISSN	1079-5006
DOI	10.1093/gerona/glac216
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Article ; Online: Prognostic utility of self-reported sarcopenia (SARC-F) in the Multiethnic Cohort.

Wu, Anna H / Setiawan, V Wendy / Lim, Unhee / Tseng, Chiu-Cheng / White, Kami K / Shepherd, John / Lenz, Heinz Josef / Cheng, Iona / Stram, Daniel O / Haiman, Christopher / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle

2022 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 987–1002

Abstract: Background: Age-related loss in skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength, known as sarcopenia, is a well-known phenomenon of aging and is determined clinically using methods such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, these clinical ... ...

Abstract	Background: Age-related loss in skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength, known as sarcopenia, is a well-known phenomenon of aging and is determined clinically using methods such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, these clinical methods to measure sarcopenia are not practical for population-based studies, and a five-question screening tool known as SARC-F has been validated to screen for sarcopenia. Methods: We investigated the relationship between appendicular skeletal lean mass/height Results: In women, SARC-F score was significantly inversely associated with ALM/HT Conclusions: An indicator of sarcopenia, determined using SARC-F, showed internal validity against DXA and displayed racial/ethnic and sex differences in distribution. SARC-F was associated with all-cause mortality as well as cause-specific mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging ; Prognosis ; Sarcopenia/diagnosis ; Sarcopenia/epidemiology ; Self Report
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2586864-0
ISSN	2190-6009 ; 2190-5991
ISSN (online)	2190-6009
ISSN	2190-5991
DOI	10.1002/jcsm.12916
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Article ; Online: Racial/ethnic differences in postmenopausal breast cancer risk by hormone receptor status: The multiethnic cohort study.

Sarink, Danja / White, Kami K / Loo, Lenora W M / Wu, Anna H / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc / Park, Song-Yi / Setiawan, V Wendy / Merritt, Melissa A

International journal of cancer

2021 Volume 150, Issue 2, Page(s) 221–231

Abstract: There are racial/ethnic differences in the incidence of hormone receptor positive and negative breast cancer. To understand why these differences exist, we investigated associations between hormone-related factors and breast cancer risk by race/ethnicity ...

Abstract	There are racial/ethnic differences in the incidence of hormone receptor positive and negative breast cancer. To understand why these differences exist, we investigated associations between hormone-related factors and breast cancer risk by race/ethnicity in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study. Among 81 511 MEC participants (Native Hawaiian, Japanese American, Latina, African American and White women), 3806 estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and 828 ER- incident invasive breast cancers were diagnosed during a median of 21 years of follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate associations between race/ethnicity and breast cancer risk, and associations between hormone-related factors and breast cancer risk by race/ethnicity. Relative to White women, ER+ breast cancer risk was higher in Native Hawaiians and lower in Latinas and African Americans; ER- disease risk was higher in African Americans. We observed interaction with race/ethnicity in associations between oral contraceptive use (OC; P
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Postmenopause/ethnology ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Estrogen ; Receptors, Progesterone
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	218257-9
ISSN	1097-0215 ; 0020-7136
ISSN (online)	1097-0215
ISSN	0020-7136
DOI	10.1002/ijc.33795
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Zs.A 478: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Racial/ethnic differences in anthropometric and hormone-related factors and endometrial cancer risk: the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Sarink, Danja / Wilkens, Lynne R / White, Kami K / Le Marchand, Loïc / Wu, Anna H / Setiawan, V Wendy / Park, S Lani / Park, Song-Yi / Killeen, Jeffrey L / Merritt, Melissa A

British journal of cancer

2021 Volume 124, Issue 10, Page(s) 1724–1733

Abstract: Background: Anthropometric and hormone-related factors are established endometrial cancer risk factors; however, little is known about the impact of these factors on endometrial cancer risk in non-White women.: Methods: Among 110,712 women ... ...

Abstract	Background: Anthropometric and hormone-related factors are established endometrial cancer risk factors; however, little is known about the impact of these factors on endometrial cancer risk in non-White women. Methods: Among 110,712 women participating in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study, 1150 incident invasive endometrial cancers were diagnosed. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations with endometrial cancer risk for race/ethnicity and for risk factors across racial/ethnic groups were calculated. Results: Having a higher body mass index (BMI) at baseline or age 21 years was strongly associated with increased risk (p Conclusions: Racial/ethnic differences in endometrial cancer risk were not fully explained by anthropometric or hormone-related risk factors. Further studies are needed to identify reasons for the observed racial/ethnic differences in endometrial cancer risk.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weights and Measures/statistics & numerical data ; Cohort Studies ; Endometrial Neoplasms/blood ; Endometrial Neoplasms/ethnology ; Endometrial Neoplasms/etiology ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Gonadal Hormones/blood ; Humans ; Life Style/ethnology ; Middle Aged ; Racial Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Reproductive History ; Risk Factors ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Gonadal Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80075-2
ISSN	1532-1827 ; 0007-0920
ISSN (online)	1532-1827
ISSN	0007-0920
DOI	10.1038/s41416-021-01292-2
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Article ; Online: BPA, Parabens, and Phthalates in Relation to Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study Nested in the Multiethnic Cohort.

Sarink, Danja / Franke, Adrian A / White, Kami K / Wu, Anna H / Cheng, Iona / Quon, Brandon / Le Marchand, Loïc / Wilkens, Lynne R / Yu, Herbert / Merritt, Melissa A

Environmental health perspectives

2021 Volume 129, Issue 5, Page(s) 57702

MeSH term(s)	Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Endometrial Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Endometrial Neoplasms/ethnology ; Ethnic Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Parabens/toxicity ; Phenols/toxicity ; Phthalic Acids/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Benzhydryl Compounds ; Parabens ; Phenols ; Phthalic Acids ; bisphenol A (MLT3645I99)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	195189-0
ISSN	1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
ISSN (online)	1552-9924
ISSN	0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
DOI	10.1289/EHP8998
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Article: Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Advanced and Aggressive Forms of Prostate Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies.

Sidahmed, Elkhansa / Freedland, Stephen J / Wang, Molin / Wu, Kana / Albanes, Demetrius / Barnett, Matt / van den Brandt, Piet A / Cook, Michael B / Giles, Graham G / Giovannucci, Edward / Haiman, Christopher A / Larsson, Susanna C / Key, Timothy J / Loftfield, Erikka / Männistö, Satu / McCullough, Marjorie L / Milne, Roger L / Neuhouser, Marian L / Platz, Elizabeth A /

Perez-Cornago, Aurora / Sawada, Norie / Schenk, Jeannette M / Sinha, Rashmi / Tsugane, Shoichiro / Visvanathan, Kala / Wang, Ying / White, Kami K / Willett, Walter C / Wolk, Alicja / Ziegler, Regina G / Genkinger, Jeanine M / Smith-Warner, Stephanie A

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

2024

Abstract: Background: Evidence of an association between dietary fiber intake and risk of advanced and aggressive forms of prostate cancer (PC) and PC mortality is limited.: Objective: To examine associations between intakes of dietary fiber overall and by ... ...

Abstract	Background: Evidence of an association between dietary fiber intake and risk of advanced and aggressive forms of prostate cancer (PC) and PC mortality is limited. Objective: To examine associations between intakes of dietary fiber overall and by food source and risk of advanced and aggressive forms of PC. Design: Pooled analysis of the primary data in 15 cohorts in three continents. Baseline dietary fiber intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire or diet history in each study. Participants/setting: 842,149 men were followed for up to 9-22 years between 1985-2009 across studies. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measures were advanced (stage T4, N1, or M1 or PC mortality), advanced restricted (excluded men with missing stage and those with localized PC who died of PC), high grade (Gleason score ≥8 or poorly differentiated/undifferentiated) PC, and PC mortality. Statistical analysis: Study-specific multivariable hazard ratios (MVHR) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression and pooled using random effects models. Results: Intake of dietary fiber overall, from fruits, and from vegetables was not associated with risk of advanced (n=4,863), advanced restricted (n=2,978), or high-grade PC (n=9,673) or PC mortality (n=3,097). Dietary fiber intake from grains was inversely associated with advanced PC (MVHR comparing the highest vs. lowest quintile=0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.93), advanced restricted PC (MVHR=0.85, 95%CI 0.74-0.97), and PC mortality (MVHR=0.78, 95%CI 0.68-0.89); statistically significant trends were noted for each of these associations (p≤0.03), while a null association was observed for high grade PC for the same comparison (MVHR=1.00, 95%CI 0.93-1.07). The comparable results were 1.06 (95%CI 1.01-1.10, p-value, test for trend=0.002) for localized (n=35,199) and 1.05 (95%CI 0.99-1.11, , p-value, test for trend=0.04) for low/intermediate grade (n=34,366) PC. Conclusions: Weak nonsignificant associations were observed between total dietary fiber intake and risk of advanced forms of PC, high grade PC, and PC mortality. High dietary fiber intake from grains was associated with a modestly lower risk of advanced forms of PC and PC mortality.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2646718-5
ISSN	2212-2672
ISSN	2212-2672
DOI	10.1016/j.jand.2024.04.006
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Article ; Online: Biomonitoring an albumin adduct of the cooked meat carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in humans.

Bellamri, Medjda / Wang, Yi / Yonemori, Kim / White, Kami K / Wilkens, Lynne R / Le Marchand, Loïc / Turesky, Robert J

Carcinogenesis

2018 Volume 39, Issue 12, Page(s) 1455–1462

Abstract: 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is formed in cooked meats and may be linked to dietary-associated colorectal, prostate and mammary cancers. Genotoxic N-oxidized metabolites of PhIP react with the Cys34 of albumin (Alb) to form a ... ...

Abstract	2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is formed in cooked meats and may be linked to dietary-associated colorectal, prostate and mammary cancers. Genotoxic N-oxidized metabolites of PhIP react with the Cys34 of albumin (Alb) to form a sulfinamide adduct, a biomarker of the biologically effective dose. We examined the kinetics of PhIP-Alb adduct formation in plasma of volunteers on a 4-week semicontrolled diet of cooked meat containing known quantities of PhIP. The adduct was below the limit of detection (LOD) (10 femtograms PhIP/mg Alb) in most subjects before the meat feeding but increased by up to 560-fold at week 4 in subjects who ate meat containing 8.0 to 11.7 μg of PhIP per 150-200 g serving. In contrast, the adduct remained below the LOD in subjects who ingested 1.2 or 3.0 μg PhIP per serving. Correlations were not seen between PhIP-Alb adduct levels and PhIP intake levels (P = 0.76), the amount of PhIP accrued in hair (P = 0.13), the amounts of N-oxidized urinary metabolites of PhIP (P = 0.66) or caffeine CYP1A2 activity (P = 0.55), a key enzyme involved in the bioactivation of PhIP. The half-life of the PhIP-Alb adduct was <2 weeks, signifying that the adduct was not stable. PhIP-Alb adduct formation is direct evidence of bioactivation of PhIP in vivo. However, the PhIP hair biomarker is a longer lived and more sensitive biomarker to assess exposure to this potential human carcinogen.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers/blood ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Carcinogens/metabolism ; Cooking/methods ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2/metabolism ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Female ; Hair/chemistry ; Humans ; Imidazoles/blood ; Male ; Meat/adverse effects ; Neoplasms/blood ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Serum Albumin/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Carcinogens ; Imidazoles ; Serum Albumin ; 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (909C6UN66T) ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 (EC 1.14.14.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	603134-1
ISSN	1460-2180 ; 0143-3334
ISSN (online)	1460-2180
ISSN	0143-3334
DOI	10.1093/carcin/bgy125
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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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