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  1. Book ; Online: Chapter The North-east Atlantic Margin

    Morrissey, Declan / Lim, Aaron / Howell, Kerry L / White, Martin / Wheeler, Andrew J / Louise Allcock, A

    2023  

    Keywords Applied ecology ; The Earth: natural history general ; Oceanography (seas) ; Environmental science, engineering & technology ; Climate change ; Marine biology ; Cold-water Coral Reefs ; Sponge Aggregations ; Coral Gardens ; Deep Sea ; Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems
    Language English
    Size 1 electronic resource (73 pages)
    Publisher Taylor and Francis
    Publishing place Boca Raton, Abingdon
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English
    HBZ-ID HT030612827
    ISBN 9781003363873 ; 1003363873
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Half hearted and half baked: the government's new food strategy.

    White, Martin

    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

    2022  Volume 377, Page(s) o1520

    MeSH term(s) Food ; Government ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1362901-3
    ISSN 1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    ISSN (online) 1756-1833
    ISSN 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    DOI 10.1136/bmj.o1520
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Industry responses to the UK government’s public consultation on the proposed soft drinks industry levy: Qualitative documentary analysis using the framework method and a systems perspective

    Jawad, Aalaa / Savona, Natalie / Penney, Tarra / White, Martin

    Food Policy. 2023 July, v. 118 p.102498-

    2023  

    Abstract: The United Kingdom (UK) Chancellor of the exchequer announced a tax on sugar sweetened beverages in his March 2016 budget. A public consultation on the Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL) was conducted before the levy’s implementation in 2018. We aimed to ... ...

    Abstract The United Kingdom (UK) Chancellor of the exchequer announced a tax on sugar sweetened beverages in his March 2016 budget. A public consultation on the Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL) was conducted before the levy’s implementation in 2018. We aimed to identify arguments that industry stakeholders made during the public consultation to influence the discursive environment using thematic framework analysis with a novel complex systems lens. Forty-two censored consultation responses from industry stakeholders (manufacturers, retailers, or representative trade associations) were obtained by Freedom of Information requests to Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs and Her Majesty’s Treasury. Industry stakeholders were overall opposed to the SDIL. Key themes included unintended consequences of the levy, denying the impact of the levy, the responsibility of government to industry over health, and proposals of alternative policies. Industry stakeholders created a discursive environment that showcased the complexity of business relationships in response to the levy, in contrast to linear causal arguments and simplistic solutions (e.g., consumer education). Documented industry discursive strategies were engaged, including promoting voluntary agreements, use of industry commissioned research, and questioning the effectiveness of the policy. Industry stakeholders’ submissions presented opposition to an evidence-based policy and use of documented industry discursive strategies emphasised the need for a pro-active and transparent consultation process and stakeholder management. A complex systems approach, alongside robust evidence, can identify changing relationships and adaptations in response to a policy, and pre-empt industry positioning in future health policymaking by identifying areas of push-back in advance to allow better stakeholder management.
    Keywords consumer education ; food policy ; income ; industry ; stakeholders ; sugars ; trade ; United Kingdom ; Obesity ; Public policy ; Sugar-sweetened beverages ; Soft drinks industry levy ; Fiscal policy ; Food and beverage industry ; Commercial determinants of health ; Complexity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 194840-4
    ISSN 0306-9192
    ISSN 0306-9192
    DOI 10.1016/j.foodpol.2023.102498
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 3017: Show issues
    Zs Lan Food: Show issues

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  4. Article: Information flows – Or does it? The complexity of enterprise information management

    White, Martin S.

    Business Information Review

    Abstract: Although there has been a degree of acceptance that information is a core business asset almost no research has been carried out into the factors that affect the way that information flows around the enterprise as employees at all levels seek to make use ...

    Abstract Although there has been a degree of acceptance that information is a core business asset almost no research has been carried out into the factors that affect the way that information flows around the enterprise as employees at all levels seek to make use of it to complete tasks and make decisions These decisions can have a significant impact on business performance and on the career development of employees The challenge lies in finding ways to track the flow of information, especially where workarounds have been developed by employees to overcome their frustration with ?approved? processes Over the last few years computational ethnography, initially applied to assessing issues relating to culture and communication is becoming increasing widely used to track the flow of documents In the wake of Covid19 organisations are going to have to operate in a rapidly changing business environment Unless the flow of information is better understood short-term changes may be implemented which turn out to be of limited benefit or even undermine the rate of achievement of new business objectives
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #727235
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Information flows – Or does it? The complexity of enterprise information management

    White, Martin S

    Business Information Review

    2020  Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) 103–110

    Abstract: Although there has been a degree of acceptance that information is a core business asset almost no research has been carried out into the factors that affect the way that information flows around the enterprise as employees at all levels seek to make use ...

    Abstract Although there has been a degree of acceptance that information is a core business asset almost no research has been carried out into the factors that affect the way that information flows around the enterprise as employees at all levels seek to make use of it to complete tasks and make decisions. These decisions can have a significant impact on business performance and on the career development of employees. The challenge lies in finding ways to track the flow of information, especially where workarounds have been developed by employees to overcome their frustration with ‘approved’ processes. Over the last few years computational ethnography, initially applied to assessing issues relating to culture and communication. is becoming increasing widely used to track the flow of documents. In the wake of Covid19 organisations are going to have to operate in a rapidly changing business environment. Unless the flow of information is better understood short-term changes may be implemented which turn out to be of limited benefit or even undermine the rate of achievement of new business objectives.
    Keywords Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ; Business and International Management ; Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher SAGE Publications
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2067938-5
    ISSN 1741-6450 ; 0266-3821
    ISSN (online) 1741-6450
    ISSN 0266-3821
    DOI 10.1177/0266382120950114
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Is Obesity Policy in England Fit for Purpose? Analysis of Government Strategies and Policies, 1992-2020.

    Theis, Dolly R Z / White, Martin

    The Milbank quarterly

    2021  Volume 99, Issue 1, Page(s) 126–170

    Abstract: Policy Points This analysis finds that government obesity policies in England have largely been proposed in a way that does not readily lead to implementation; that governments rarely commission evaluations of previous government strategies or learn from ...

    Abstract Policy Points This analysis finds that government obesity policies in England have largely been proposed in a way that does not readily lead to implementation; that governments rarely commission evaluations of previous government strategies or learn from policy failures; that governments have tended to adopt less interventionist policy approaches; and that policies largely make high demands on individual agency, meaning they rely on individuals to make behavior changes rather than shaping external influences and are thus less likely to be effective or equitable. These findings may help explain why after 30 years of proposed government obesity policies, obesity prevalence and health inequities still have not been successfully reduced. If policymakers address the issues identified in this analysis, population obesity could be tackled more successfully, which has added urgency given the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Context: In England, the majority of adults, and more than a quarter of children aged 2 to 15 years live with obesity or excess weight. From 1992 to 2020, even though the government published 14 obesity strategies in England, the prevalence of obesity has not been reduced. We aimed to determine whether such government strategies and policies have been fit for purpose regarding their strategic focus, nature, basis in theory and evidence, and implementation viability.
    Method: We undertook a mixed-methods study, involving a document review and analysis of government strategies either wholly or partially dedicated to tackling obesity in England. We developed a theory-based analytical framework, using content analysis and applied thematic analysis (ATA) to code all policies. Our interpretation drew on quantitative findings and thematic analysis.
    Findings: We identified and analyzed 14 government strategies published from 1992 to 2020 containing 689 wide-ranging policies. Policies were largely proposed in a way that would be unlikely to lead to implementation; the majority were not interventionist and made high demands on individual agency, meaning that they relied on individuals to make behavior changes rather than shaping external influences, and are thus less likely to be effective or to reduce health inequalities.
    Conclusions: The government obesity strategies' failure to reduce the prevalence of obesity in England for almost 30 years may be due to weaknesses in the policies' design, leading to a lack of effectiveness, but they may also be due to failures of implementation and evaluation. These failures appear to have led to insufficient or no policy learning and governments proposing similar or identical policies repeatedly over many years. Governments should learn from their earlier policy failures. They should prioritize policies that make minimal demands on individuals and have the potential for population-wide reach so as to maximize their potential for equitable impacts. Policies should be proposed in ways that readily lead to implementation and evaluation.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; England/epidemiology ; Government ; Health Policy/economics ; Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/prevention & control ; Pandemics ; Program Evaluation ; Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632829-5
    ISSN 1468-0009 ; 0887-378X
    ISSN (online) 1468-0009
    ISSN 0887-378X
    DOI 10.1111/1468-0009.12498
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 285: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  7. Article: Bottom trawling noise: Are fishing vessels polluting to deeper acoustic habitats?

    Daly, Eoghan / White, Martin

    Marine pollution bulletin. 2021 Jan., v. 162

    2021  

    Abstract: The impact of bottom trawling noise was quantified on two surrounding marine acoustic habitats using fixed mooring acoustic recorders. Noise during trawling activity is shown to be considerably louder than ambient noise and a nearby underway research ... ...

    Abstract The impact of bottom trawling noise was quantified on two surrounding marine acoustic habitats using fixed mooring acoustic recorders. Noise during trawling activity is shown to be considerably louder than ambient noise and a nearby underway research vessel. Estimated source levels were above cetacean damage thresholds. Measurements at a submarine canyon indicated potential noise focussing, inferring a role for such features to enhance down slope noise propagation at continental margin sites. Modelled sound propagates more efficiently when sourced from trawling gear dragging along the seabed relative to the vessel as a surface source. Results are contextualised with respect to marine mammal harm, to other anthropogenic ocean noise sources, topography and seasons. Noise energy emitted by bottom trawling activity is a source of pollution that requires further consideration, in line with other pervasive trawling pressures on marine species and seabed habitats, especially in areas of heightened ecological susceptibility.
    Keywords Cetacea ; acoustics ; energy ; marine mammals ; marine pollution ; topography
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-01
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2001296-2
    ISSN 1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
    ISSN (online) 1879-3363
    ISSN 0025-326X
    DOI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111877
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Population Approaches to Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes.

    White, Martin

    PLoS medicine

    2016  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) e1002080

    Abstract: Martin White argues that whole population interventions will be needed in addition to those targeted to people at high risk in order to respond to the global challenge of type 2 diabetes. ...

    Abstract Martin White argues that whole population interventions will be needed in addition to those targeted to people at high risk in order to respond to the global challenge of type 2 diabetes.
    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control ; Diet ; Exercise ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; Public Health Practice ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2185925-5
    ISSN 1549-1676 ; 1549-1277
    ISSN (online) 1549-1676
    ISSN 1549-1277
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002080
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6042: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Avoiding conflicts of interest and reputational risks associated with population research on food and nutrition: the Food Research risK (FoRK) guidance and toolkit for researchers.

    Cullerton, Katherine / Adams, Jean / Forouhi, Nita G / Francis, Oliver / White, Martin

    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

    2024  Volume 384, Page(s) e077908

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Conflict of Interest ; Nutritional Status ; Food ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1362901-3
    ISSN 1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    ISSN (online) 1756-1833
    ISSN 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    DOI 10.1136/bmj-2023-077908
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  10. Article: Crossover Interference Mediates Multiscale Patterning Along Meiotic Chromosomes.

    White, Martin A / Weiner, Beth / Chu, Lingluo / Lim, Gyubum / Kleckner, Nancy E

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2024  

    Abstract: The classical phenomenon of crossover interference is a one-dimensional spatial patterning process that produces evenly spaced crossovers during meiosis. Quantitative analysis of diagnostic molecules along budding yeast chromosomes reveals that this ... ...

    Abstract The classical phenomenon of crossover interference is a one-dimensional spatial patterning process that produces evenly spaced crossovers during meiosis. Quantitative analysis of diagnostic molecules along budding yeast chromosomes reveals that this process also sets up a second, interdigitated pattern of related but longer periodicity, in a "two-tiered" patterning process. The second tier corresponds to a previously mysterious minority set of crossovers. Thus, in toto, the two tiers account for all detected crossover events. Both tiers of patterning set up spatially clustered assemblies of three types of molecules ("triads") representing the three major components of meiotic chromosomes (crossover recombination complexes and chromosome axis and synaptonemal complex components), and give focal and domainal signals, respectively. Roles are suggested. All observed effects are economically and synthetically explained if crossover patterning is mediated by mechanical forces along prophase chromosomes. Intensity levels of domainal triad components are further modulated, dynamically, by the conserved protein remodeler Pch2/TRIP13.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.01.28.577645
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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