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  1. Article ; Online: Greenhouse conditions in lower Eocene coastal wetlands?-Lessons from Schöningen, Northern Germany.

    Lenz, Olaf K / Riegel, Walter / Wilde, Volker

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) e0232861

    Abstract: The Paleogene succession of the Helmstedt Lignite Mining District in Northern Germany includes coastal peat mire records from the latest Paleocene to the middle Eocene at the southern edge of the Proto-North Sea. Therefore, it covers the different long- ... ...

    Abstract The Paleogene succession of the Helmstedt Lignite Mining District in Northern Germany includes coastal peat mire records from the latest Paleocene to the middle Eocene at the southern edge of the Proto-North Sea. Therefore, it covers the different long- and short-term climate perturbations of the Paleogene greenhouse. 56 samples from three individual sections of a lower Eocene seam in the record capture the typical succession of the vegetation in a coastal wetland during a period that was not affected by climate perturbation. This allows facies-dependent vegetational changes to be distinguished from those that were climate induced. Cluster analyses and NMDS of well-preserved palynomorph assemblages reveal four successional stages in the vegetation during peat accumulation: (1) a coastal vegetation, (2) an initial mire, (3) a transitional mire, and (4) a terminal mire. Biodiversity measures show that plant diversity decreased significantly in the successive stages. The highly diverse vegetation at the coast and in the adjacent initial mire was replaced by low diversity communities adapted to wet acidic environments and nutrient deficiency. The palynomorph assemblages are dominated by elements such as Alnus (Betulaceae) or Sphagnum (Sphagnaceae). Typical tropical elements which are characteristic for the middle Eocene part of the succession are missing. This indicates that a more warm-temperate climate prevailed in northwestern Germany during the early lower Eocene.
    MeSH term(s) Biodiversity ; Climate ; Ecosystem ; Fossils ; Germany ; Greenhouse Effect ; Mining/methods ; North Sea ; Plants ; Soil ; Wetlands
    Chemical Substances Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0232861
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Nypa pollen diversity in middle Eocene mangroves at the edge of the southern Proto-North Sea (Helmstedt, northern Germany) – a statistical approach

    Lenz, Olaf / Diekmeier, Sarah / Wilde, Volker

    Grana. 2021 Mar. 04, v. 60, no. 2

    2021  

    Abstract: A variety of Spinizonocolpites pollen types which were commonly related to the mangrove palm Nypa has been recorded in marine beds intercalated in the lignite-bearing middle Eocene Helmstedt Formation in northern Germany. They are further confirmation ... ...

    Abstract A variety of Spinizonocolpites pollen types which were commonly related to the mangrove palm Nypa has been recorded in marine beds intercalated in the lignite-bearing middle Eocene Helmstedt Formation in northern Germany. They are further confirmation for the existence of a tropical mangrove at the southern coast of the Proto-North Sea. Seven morphological parameters related to pollen size, exine thickness and ornamentation have been measured for 182 Spinizonocolpites grains by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to reveal the morpho-diversity within the assemblage of Nypa pollen. The use of different univariate and multivariate statistical analyses such as cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) objectively allow differentiation of five significantly different morphotypes, which may be assigned to four previously described Spinizonocolpites species and a new morphotype. However, S. prominatus and the new morphotype form a continuum in the PCA with S. echinatus and S. baculatus as endmembers. Only S. cf. quilonensis lies outside the common range of morphological variation of the other species of Spinizonocolpites. Therefore, the existence of only two different Nypa species in the mangrove at Helmstedt is indicated despite the occurrence of five pollen morphotypes. Our study therefore illustrates that morpho-diversity of pollen is not necessarily related to species diversity in the parent plants.
    Keywords Eocene epoch ; Nypa ; cluster analysis ; coasts ; exine ; grana ; light microscopy ; morphs ; pollen ; pollen size ; principal component analysis ; species diversity ; Germany
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0304
    Size p. 97-118.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2016533-X
    ISSN 1651-2049 ; 0017-3134
    ISSN (online) 1651-2049
    ISSN 0017-3134
    DOI 10.1080/00173134.2020.1808697
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Origin and Early Evolution of Hydrocharitaceae and the Ancestral Role of

    Ulrich, Silvia / Vieira, Manuel / Coiro, Mario / Bouchal, Johannes M / Geier, Christian / Jacobs, Bonnie F / Currano, Ellen D / Lenz, Olaf K / Wilde, Volker / Zetter, Reinhard / Grímsson, Friðgeir

    Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 7

    Abstract: The combined morphological features ... ...

    Abstract The combined morphological features of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-31
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704341-1
    ISSN 2223-7747
    ISSN 2223-7747
    DOI 10.3390/plants13071008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Composition of resinites from the Eocene Geiseltal brown coal basin, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany and comparison to their possible botanical analogues

    Simoneit, Bernd R.T / Otto, Angelika / Menor-Sálvan, Cesar / Oros, Daniel R / Wilde, Volker / Riegel, Walter

    Organic geochemistry. 2021 Feb., v. 152

    2021  

    Abstract: The former lignite pits of the Geiseltal in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, were an important source of well-preserved Eocene animal and plant fossil remains, including resinites (fossil resins) from different botanical sources. We studied three different types ... ...

    Abstract The former lignite pits of the Geiseltal in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, were an important source of well-preserved Eocene animal and plant fossil remains, including resinites (fossil resins) from different botanical sources. We studied three different types of resinites with distinct morphological characteristics, collected at one of the Geiseltal pits, elucidated their molecular compositions and identified the main biomarker and natural product compounds present. The excellent preservation of molecular markers in the resinites, not yet consolidated to amber despite their middle Eocene age, allowed us to perform chemotaxonomic assignments by correlation with the natural product compositions of extant plant resins. The results showed that the main botanical contributors to the Geiseltal paleoenvironment were conifers of the Cupressaceae family, pointing to the genus Taxodium by the major presence of chamaecydin, ferruginol, 7α-p-cymenylferruginol and taxodione. The compositions found for two other Geiseltal resinite types suggested an angiosperm origin, compatible with the Burseraceae family and the genera Shorea or Hopea of the Dipterocarpaceae as botanical sources. The results support the theory that this Eocene paleobiome was a semitropical swamp and they provide new data for the diagenetic routes of terpenoid natural products.
    Keywords Burseraceae ; Eocene epoch ; Hopea ; Shorea ; Taxodium ; amber ; animals ; basins ; biomarkers ; fossils ; geochemistry ; lignite ; paleoecology ; swamps ; terpenoids ; Germany
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-02
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ISSN 0146-6380
    DOI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2020.104138
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Eocene fossil is earliest evidence of flower-visiting by birds.

    Mayr, Gerald / Wilde, Volker

    Biology letters

    2014  Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) 20140223

    Abstract: Birds are important pollinators, but the evolutionary history of ornithophily (bird pollination) is poorly known. Here, we report a skeleton of the avian taxon Pumiliornis from the middle Eocene of Messel in Germany with preserved stomach contents ... ...

    Abstract Birds are important pollinators, but the evolutionary history of ornithophily (bird pollination) is poorly known. Here, we report a skeleton of the avian taxon Pumiliornis from the middle Eocene of Messel in Germany with preserved stomach contents containing numerous pollen grains of an eudicotyledonous angiosperm. The skeletal morphology of Pumiliornis is in agreement with this bird having been a, presumably nectarivorous, flower-visitor. It represents the earliest and first direct fossil evidence of flower-visiting by birds and indicates a minimum age of 47 million years for the origin of bird-flower interactions. As Pumiliornis does not belong to any of the modern groups of flower-visiting birds, the origin of ornithophily in some angiosperm lineages may have predated that of their extant avian pollinators.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Birds ; Fossils ; Gastrointestinal Contents ; Pollen ; Pollination
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-05-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2135022-X
    ISSN 1744-957X ; 1744-9561
    ISSN (online) 1744-957X
    ISSN 1744-9561
    DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0223
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1364 -Letters-: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  6. Article: Plastid DNA sequences and oospore characters of some European taxa of

    Holzhausen, Anja / Nowak, Petra / Ballot, Andreas / Becker, Ralf / Gebert, Jasmina / Gregor, Thomas / Karol, Kenneth G / Lambert, Elisabeth / Pérez, William / Raabe, Uwe / Schneider, Susanne C / Stewart, Nick / van de Weyer, Klaus / Wilde, Volker / Schubert, Hendrik

    Frontiers in plant science

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1096181

    Abstract: In Europe, the ... ...

    Abstract In Europe, the genus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2613694-6
    ISSN 1664-462X
    ISSN 1664-462X
    DOI 10.3389/fpls.2023.1096181
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  7. Book ; Online: Paleoenvironmental response of midlatitudinal wetlands to Paleocene–early Eocene climate change (Schöningen lignite deposits, Germany)

    Methner, Katharina / Lenz, Olaf / Riegel, Walter / Wilde, Volker / Mulch, Andreas

    eISSN: 1814-9332

    2019  

    Abstract: The early Paleogene is marked by multiple negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) that reflect massive short-term carbon cycle perturbations that coincide with significant warming during a high- p CO 2 world, affecting both marine and terrestrial ... ...

    Abstract The early Paleogene is marked by multiple negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) that reflect massive short-term carbon cycle perturbations that coincide with significant warming during a high- p CO 2 world, affecting both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Records of such hyperthermals from the marine–terrestrial interface (e.g., estuarine swamps and mire deposits) are therefore of great interest as their present-day counterparts are highly vulnerable to future climate and sea level change. Here, we assess paleoenvironmental changes of midlatitudinal late Paleocene–early Eocene peat mire records along the paleo-North Sea coast. We provide carbon isotope data of bulk organic matter ( δ 13 C TOC ), organic carbon content (%TOC), and palynological data from an extensive peat mire deposited at a midlatitudinal (ca. 41 ∘ N) coastal site (Schöningen, Germany). The δ 13 C TOC data show a carbon isotope excursion of −1.3 ‰ (mean decrease in δ 13 C TOC

    −1.7 ‰ at the onset of CIE) coeval with a conspicuous Apectodinium acme. Due to the exceptionally large stratigraphic thickness of the CIE at Schöningen (10 m of section) we established a detailed palynological record that indicates only minor changes in paleovegetation leading into and during this event. Instead, paleovegetation changes mostly follow natural successions in response to changes along the marine–terrestrial interface. The available age constraints for the Schöningen Formation hamper a solid assignment of the detected CIE to a particular hyperthermal such as the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) or any succeeding hyperthermal event such as the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2). Compared to other nearby peat mire records (Cobham, UK; Vasterival, F) it appears that wetland deposits around the Paleogene North Sea have a consistent CIE magnitude of ca. −1.3 ‰ in δ 13 C TOC . Moreover, the Schöningen record shares major characteristics with the Cobham Lignite PETM record, including evidence for increased fire activity prior to the CIE, minor plant species change during the hyperthermal, a reduced CIE in δ 13 C TOC , and drowning of the mire (marine ingressions) during much of the Schöningen CIE event. This suggests that either the Schöningen CIE reflects the PETM or that early Paleogene hyperthermals similarly affected paleoenvironmental conditions of a major segment of the paleo-North Sea coast.
    Subject code 333 ; 511
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-16
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Book ; Online: Palaeoenvironmental response of mid-latitudinal wetlands to PETM climate change (Schöningen lignite deposits, Germany)

    Methner, Katharina / Lenz, Olaf / Riegel, Walter / Wilde, Volker / Mulch, Andreas

    eISSN: 1814-9332

    2019  

    Abstract: The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) offers insight into massive short-term carbon cycle perturbations that caused significant warming during a high-pCO 2 world, affecting both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. PETM records from the marine- ... ...

    Abstract The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) offers insight into massive short-term carbon cycle perturbations that caused significant warming during a high-pCO 2 world, affecting both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. PETM records from the marine-terrestrial interface (e.g. estuarine swamps and mire deposits) are, therefore, of great interest as their present-day counterparts are highly vulnerable to future climate and sea level change. Here, we assess paleoenvironmental changes of mid-latitudinal Late Paleocene-Early Eocene peat mire records along the paleo-North Sea coast. We provide carbon isotope data of bulk organic matter (δ 13 C TOC ), organic carbon content (%TOC), and palynological data from an extensive peat mire deposited at a mid-latitudinal (ca. 41 °N) coastal site (Schöningen, Germany). The δ 13 C TOC data show a carbon isotope excursion (CIE) of −1.7 ‰ coeval with a conspicuous Apectodinium acme, calling for the presence of the PETM in this coastal section. Due to the exceptionally large stratigraphic thickness of the PETM at Schöningen (10 m of section) we established a detailed palynological record that indicates only minor changes in paleovegetation leading to and during the PETM. Instead, paleovegetation changes mostly follow natural successions in response to changes along the marine-terrestrial interface. Compared to other available peat mire records (Cobham, UK; Vasterival, France) it appears that wetland deposits around the Paleogene North Sea have a typical CIE magnitude of ca. −1.3 ‰ in δ 13 C TOC . Moreover, the Schöningen record shares major characteristics with the Cobham Lignite, including evidence for increased fire activity prior to the PETM, minor PETM-related plant species changes, a reduced CIE in δ 13 C TOC , and drowning of the mire (marine ingressions) during much of the PETM. This suggests that paleoenvironmental conditions during the Late Paleocene-Early Eocene, including the PETM, consistently affected major segments of the paleo-North Sea coast.
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-14
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Book: Studies on fossil and extant plants and floras

    Schaarschmidt, Friedemann / Wilde, Volker

    dedicated to Friedemann Schaarschmidt on the occasion of his 65th birthday

    (Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg ; 241)

    2003  

    Author's details Volker Wilde (ed.)
    Series title Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg ; 241
    Keywords Fossile Pflanzen
    Language English ; German
    Size 334 S, zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    Publisher Schweizerbart
    Publishing place Stuttgart
    Document type Book
    Note Literaturangaben
    ISBN 351061349X ; 9783510613496
    Database Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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  10. Book: Studies on fossil and extant plants and floras

    Schaarschmidt, Friedemann / Wilde, Volker

    dedicated to Friedemann Schaarschmidt on the occasion of his 65th birthday

    (Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg ; 241)

    2003  

    Author's details Volker Wilde (ed.)
    Series title Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg ; 241
    Keywords Fossile Pflanzen
    Language English ; German
    Size 334 S, zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    Publisher Schweizerbart
    Publishing place Stuttgart
    Document type Book
    Note Literaturangaben
    ISBN 351061349X ; 9783510613496
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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