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  1. Article ; Online: Using Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance as a Platform for Vaccine-Preventable Disease Surveillance.

    Wassilak, Steven G F / Williams, Cheryl L / Murrill, Christopher S / Dahl, Benjamin A / Ohuabunwo, Chima / Tangermann, Rudolf H

    The Journal of infectious diseases

    2017  Volume 216, Issue suppl_1, Page(s) S293–S298

    Abstract: Surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a fundamental cornerstone of the global polio eradication initiative (GPEI). Active surveillance (with visits to health facilities) is a critical strategy of AFP surveillance systems for highly sensitive ... ...

    Abstract Surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a fundamental cornerstone of the global polio eradication initiative (GPEI). Active surveillance (with visits to health facilities) is a critical strategy of AFP surveillance systems for highly sensitive and timely detection of cases. Because of the extensive resources devoted to AFP surveillance, multiple opportunities exist for additional diseases to be added using GPEI assets, particularly because there is generally 1 district officer responsible for all disease surveillance. For this reason, integrated surveillance has become a standard practice in many countries, ranging from adding surveillance for measles and rubella to integrated disease surveillance for outbreak-prone diseases (integrated disease surveillance and response). This report outlines the current level of disease surveillance integration in 3 countries (Nepal, India, and Nigeria) and proposes that resources continue for long-term maintenance in resource-poor countries of AFP surveillance as a platform for surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases and other outbreak-prone diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Humans ; India ; Nepal ; Nigeria ; Paralysis/diagnosis ; Paralysis/epidemiology ; Paralysis/physiopathology ; Paralysis/virology ; Poliomyelitis/diagnosis ; Poliomyelitis/epidemiology ; Poliomyelitis/physiopathology ; Poliomyelitis/prevention & control ; Poliovirus ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral ; Public Health Surveillance/methods
    Chemical Substances Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 3019-3
    ISSN 1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
    ISSN (online) 1537-6613
    ISSN 0022-1899
    DOI 10.1093/infdis/jiw593
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Epidemiology of HIV among Asians and Pacific Islanders in the United States, 2001-2008.

    Adih, William K / Campsmith, Michael / Williams, Cheryl L / Hardnett, Felicia P / Hughes, Denise

    Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (Chicago, Ill. : 2002)

    2011  Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) 150–159

    Abstract: Background: Recent analyses have shown increases in combined annual HIV diagnosis rates for Asians and Pacific Islanders (API).: Methods: Using surveillance data from 33 states and 4 dependent areas we investigated the epidemiology of HIV among API ... ...

    Abstract Background: Recent analyses have shown increases in combined annual HIV diagnosis rates for Asians and Pacific Islanders (API).
    Methods: Using surveillance data from 33 states and 4 dependent areas we investigated the epidemiology of HIV among API during 2001-2008.
    Results: HIV diagnoses for API during 2001-2008 were predominantly among persons age 30-39 years (40%) and males (78%). The primary risk factor for males was sexual contact with males (78%) and for females, heterosexual contact (86%). API were the only racial/ethnic groups with a statistically significant estimated annual percentage increase (4.4%) in HIV diagnoses over the time period. Thirty-seven percent of HIV diagnoses among API progressed to AIDS in <12 months, with significantly greater likelihood among those 30 years and older. Survival was lower among API with AIDS diagnosis after 49 years of age, and was higher among persons with AIDS whose primary risk factor for infection was heterosexual contact.
    Conclusions: In contrast to other racial/ethnic groups, API were the only groups to show a significant increase in HIV diagnoses. A clearer understanding of the reasons for this trend is needed, so that appropriate interventions can be selected and adapted to prevent increased HIV prevalence among API in the U.S.
    MeSH term(s) Asian Americans ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Oceanic Ancestry Group ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1557-0886
    ISSN (online) 1557-0886
    DOI 10.1177/1545109711399805
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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