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  1. Article ; Online: What is the clinical efficacy and accuracy of a newly developed Bluetooth-enabled retainer when worn by orthodontic residents?

    Williams, Julie

    Evidence-based dentistry

    2019  Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 85

    Abstract: Design A prospective pilot study. Study population Five orthodontic residents in a university setting were asked to wear Bluetooth-enabled Hawley retainers for 12 hours per day except for eating and brushing. The subjects used an iPod to record the exact ...

    Abstract Design A prospective pilot study. Study population Five orthodontic residents in a university setting were asked to wear Bluetooth-enabled Hawley retainers for 12 hours per day except for eating and brushing. The subjects used an iPod to record the exact times that the retainer was inserted and removed. Data analysis The Bluetooth-enabled device within the Hawley retainer takes a temperature reading every ten minutes. The median difference in retainer wear was reported across a five-day study period, measured in minutes either by the device or self-reported by each subject. As the device only takes a temperature reading every ten minutes, the potential for under-reporting retainer wear was considered using a calculation to adjust for the number of times the retainers were inserted and removed. The median difference between the adjusted and unadjusted wear times were reported. A Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test was used to test clinical accuracy, defined as an overall median margin of error of 5% or less for the device. Results One device malfunctioned and was replaced. Two subjects failed to synchronise their device with their iPod within 24 hours and were reminded to do so by text. The median difference between the self- and device-reported wear times (percent error) was 35 minutes or 5.1 % (range 3.3%-7.5%) using unadjusted data and 13 minutes or 1.9% (range 0.5%-3.4%) using adjusted data.Conclusions The Bluetooth-enabled device showed a clinically acceptable level of accuracy compared to self-reported retainer wear, once the data was adjusted to account for the ten-minute time interval between measurements.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Retainers ; Pilot Projects ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1457588-7
    ISSN 1476-5446 ; 1462-0049
    ISSN (online) 1476-5446
    ISSN 1462-0049
    DOI 10.1038/s41432-019-0042-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book: How to write well

    Keeling, June / Chapman, Hazel M. / Williams, Julie

    a guide for health and social care students

    2013  

    Author's details June Keeling, Hazel M. Capman, and Julie Williams
    Language English
    Size XI, 179 S. : graph. Darst.
    Publisher Open Univ. Press
    Publishing place Maidenhead u.a.
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT017687314
    ISBN 978-0-335-24493-5 ; 0-335-24493-9 ; 9780335244942 ; 0335244947
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  3. Article ; Online: Cone-beam CT-based Navigation With Augmented Fluoroscopy of the Airways for Image-guided Bronchoscopic Biopsy of Peripheral Pulmonary Nodules: A Prospective Clinical Study.

    Pritchett, Michael A / Williams, Julie C / Schirmer, Charles C / Langereis, Sander

    Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology

    2024  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 175–182

    Abstract: Background: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and augmented fluoroscopy (AF), in which intraprocedural CBCT data is fused with fluoroscopy, have been utilized as a novel image-guidance technique for biopsy of peripheral pulmonary lesions. The aim of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and augmented fluoroscopy (AF), in which intraprocedural CBCT data is fused with fluoroscopy, have been utilized as a novel image-guidance technique for biopsy of peripheral pulmonary lesions. The aim of this clinical study is to determine the safety and diagnostic performance of CBCT-guided bronchoscopy with advanced software tools for procedural planning and navigational guidance with AF of the airways for biopsy of peripheral pulmonary nodules.
    Methods: Fifty-two consecutive subjects were prospectively enrolled in the AIRWAZE study (December 2018 to October 2019). Image-guided bronchoscopic biopsy procedures were performed under general anesthesia with specific ventilation protocols in a hybrid operating room equipped with a ceiling-mounted C-arm system. Procedural planning and image-guided bronchoscopy with CBCT and AF were performed using the Airwaze investigational device.
    Results: A total of 58 pulmonary lesions with a median size of 19.0 mm (range 7 to 48 mm) were biopsied. The overall diagnostic yield at index procedure was 87.9% (95% CI: 77.1%-94.0%). No severe adverse events related to CBCT-guided bronchoscopy, such as pneumothorax, bleeding, or respiratory failure, were observed.
    Conclusion: CBCT-guided bronchoscopic biopsy with augmented fluoroscopic views of the airways and target lesion for navigational guidance is technically feasible and safe. Three-dimensional image-guided navigation biopsy is associated with high navigational success and a high diagnostic yield for peripheral pulmonary nodules.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Image-Guided Biopsy/methods ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Lung/pathology ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Fluoroscopy/methods ; Bronchoscopy/methods ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2478320-1
    ISSN 1948-8270 ; 1944-6586
    ISSN (online) 1948-8270
    ISSN 1944-6586
    DOI 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000949
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Traces of the Invisible: How an Alternative Reading of The Sleeping Beauty Fashioned a Bookwork Heightening Awareness of the Role of the Anesthetist.

    Brixey-Williams, Julie

    The Journal of medical humanities

    2019  Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–51

    Abstract: This article discusses a Leverhulme residency undertaken by the author Julie Brixey-Williams in 2003-4 at the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Notions of medical visibility were explored through practice-led investigations under ...

    Abstract This article discusses a Leverhulme residency undertaken by the author Julie Brixey-Williams in 2003-4 at the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Notions of medical visibility were explored through practice-led investigations under the umbrella title, Traces of the Invisible, that concentrated on making concrete, visible responses to the hidden or intangible elements of the anesthetist's working life in areas such as sleep, breath, pain and genetic markers. Rosebud is a unique nine-foot concertina bookwork created after reading the entire story of The Sleeping Beauty into an anesthetic machine. This essay expands upon the concepts and material responses that led to the making of the book with particular reference to how the book's structure forms a relationship to language and the body-as-site, whilst operating as a sculptural object that raises the visibility of the anesthetic profession. Fairy tales and their telling, including stories of enchanted sleep, transformational qualities, magical languages and shaman healers, will be examined alongside.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthetists ; Books ; Humans ; Ireland ; Reading ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2017000-2
    ISSN 1573-3645 ; 1041-3545
    ISSN (online) 1573-3645
    ISSN 1041-3545
    DOI 10.1007/s10912-019-09597-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Identification of a core transcriptional program driving the human renal mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition.

    Ng-Blichfeldt, John-Poul / Stewart, Benjamin J / Clatworthy, Menna R / Williams, Julie M / Röper, Katja

    Developmental cell

    2024  Volume 59, Issue 5, Page(s) 595–612.e8

    Abstract: During kidney development, nephron epithelia arise de novo from fate-committed mesenchymal progenitors through a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). Downstream of fate specification, transcriptional mechanisms that drive establishment of ... ...

    Abstract During kidney development, nephron epithelia arise de novo from fate-committed mesenchymal progenitors through a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). Downstream of fate specification, transcriptional mechanisms that drive establishment of epithelial morphology are poorly understood. We used human iPSC-derived renal organoids, which recapitulate nephrogenesis, to investigate mechanisms controlling renal MET. Multi-ome profiling via snRNA-seq and ATAC-seq of organoids identified dynamic changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility driven by activators and repressors throughout MET. CRISPR interference identified that paired box 8 (PAX8) is essential for initiation of MET in human renal organoids, contrary to in vivo mouse studies, likely by activating a cell-adhesion program. While Wnt/β-catenin signaling specifies nephron fate, we find that it must be attenuated to allow hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (HNF1B) and TEA-domain (TEAD) transcription factors to drive completion of MET. These results identify the interplay between fate commitment and morphogenesis in the developing human kidney, with implications for understanding both developmental kidney diseases and aberrant epithelial plasticity following adult renal tubular injury.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Kidney/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Nephrons ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
    Chemical Substances Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2054967-2
    ISSN 1878-1551 ; 1534-5807
    ISSN (online) 1878-1551
    ISSN 1534-5807
    DOI 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.01.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Are Perceptions of Government Intervention Related to Support for Prevention? An Australian Survey Study.

    Grunseit, Anne Carolyn / Howse, Eloise / Williams, Julie / Bauman, Adrian Ernest

    Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 9

    Abstract: Background: In Australia, despite the success of tobacco control policy interventions, policymakers remain resistant to policy-based approaches to diet, alcohol, physical inactivity and obesity, concerned about community perceptions of such ... ...

    Abstract Background: In Australia, despite the success of tobacco control policy interventions, policymakers remain resistant to policy-based approaches to diet, alcohol, physical inactivity and obesity, concerned about community perceptions of such interventions as "nanny-statist". We examined how people's general positions on government intervention related to their positions on different preventive policy options.
    Methods: Data were from a 2018 nationally representative cross-sectional telephone survey of 2601 Australian adults. Survey questions related to endorsement of different conceptualisations of government intervention (nanny state, paternalistic, shared responsibility and communitarian) and support for specific health interventions, using forced-choice questions about preferences for individual/treatment measures versus population/preventive health measures. We analysed associations between scores on different conceptualisations of government intervention and support of different policy options for tobacco and diet, and preferences for prevention over treatment.
    Results: The Nanny State Scale showed an inverse relationship with support for tobacco- and diet-related interventions, and alternative conceptualisations (paternalistic, shared responsibility and communitarian) showed a positive relationship. Effect sizes in all cases were small. Those aged 55+ demonstrated greater support for policy action on tobacco and diet, and greater preference for systemic rather than individual-level interventions.
    Conclusion: General disposition towards government intervention, although correlated with support for specific policy actions, is not deterministic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2721009-1
    ISSN 2227-9032
    ISSN 2227-9032
    DOI 10.3390/healthcare11091246
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The perceptions of preclinical and clinical dental students to altered smile aesthetics.

    Aljefri, Maha / Williams, Julie

    BDJ open

    2020  Volume 6, Page(s) 16

    Abstract: Introduction: This prospective cohort study was designed to identify which components of a smile make it more or less aesthetically acceptable to dental students.: Aim: To investigate whether students at different stages of their undergraduate dental ...

    Abstract Introduction: This prospective cohort study was designed to identify which components of a smile make it more or less aesthetically acceptable to dental students.
    Aim: To investigate whether students at different stages of their undergraduate dental education held similar views on smile aesthetics. Additionally, to see whether students from the same ethnicity were more likely to have similar perceptions of smile aesthetics than students from different backgrounds.
    Methodology: Dental students in either Year 1 (preclinical) or Year 5 (clinical) of their studies at the University of Bristol were asked to complete a questionnaire. Students were asked to rank 12 photographic images in order from most aesthetically pleasing (1) to least pleasing (12). The 12 images included one 'ideal' smile and 11 digitally altered images of the same "ideal" smile.
    Results: A total of 123 questionnaires were completed. Clinical students were more likely to rank the 'ideal smile' as more aesthetically pleasing and identify it as the "best" smile from the set of images. Preclinical students considered retroclined incisors to be significantly less pleasing than clinical year students, whilst clinical year students found a midline diastema significantly less pleasing than preclinical students.
    Conclusions: Dental students at different stages of their undergraduate dental education have different perceptions of smile aesthetics. There was no evidence that the perception of dental attractiveness was affected by students' ethnicities or location of upbringing.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2056-807X
    ISSN (online) 2056-807X
    DOI 10.1038/s41405-020-00045-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: A systematic review of discrete choice experiments in stroke rehabilitation.

    Jolliffe, Laura / Christie, Lauren J / Fearn, Nicola / Nohrenberg, Michael / Liu, Rasia / Williams, Julie F / Parsons, Mark W / Pearce, Alison M

    Topics in stroke rehabilitation

    2024  , Page(s) 1–12

    Abstract: Objectives: Existing research qualitatively explores consumer preferences for stroke rehabilitation interventions. However, it remains unclear which intervention characteristics are most important to consumers, and how these preferences may influence ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Existing research qualitatively explores consumer preferences for stroke rehabilitation interventions. However, it remains unclear which intervention characteristics are most important to consumers, and how these preferences may influence uptake and participation. Discrete choice experiments (DCE) provide a unique way to quantitatively measure preferences for health and health care. This study aims to explore how DCEs have been used in stroke rehabilitation and to identify reported consumer preferences for rehabilitation interventions.
    Material and methods: A systematic review of published stroke rehabilitation DCEs was completed (PROSPERO registration: CRD42021282578). Six databases (including CINAHL, MEDLINE, EconLIT) were searched from January 2000-March 2023. Data extracted included topic area, sample size, aim, attributes, design process, and preference outcomes. Descriptive and thematic analyses were conducted, and two methodological checklists applied to review quality.
    Results: Of 2,446 studies screened, five were eligible. Studies focused on exercise preference (
    Conclusions: Few DCEs have been conducted in stroke rehabilitation, suggesting consumer preferences could be more rigorously explored. Included studies were narrow in the scope of attributes included, limiting their application to practice and policy. Further research is needed to assess the impact of differing service delivery models on uptake and participation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1213112-x
    ISSN 1945-5119 ; 1074-9357
    ISSN (online) 1945-5119
    ISSN 1074-9357
    DOI 10.1080/10749357.2024.2312641
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Sleep and Cellular Stress.

    Williams, Julie A / Naidoo, Nirinjini

    Current opinion in physiology

    2019  Volume 15, Page(s) 104–110

    Abstract: Sleep is a universal phenomenon occurring in all species studied thus far. Sleep loss results in adverse physiological effects at both the organismal and cellular levels suggesting an adaptive role for sleep in the maintenance of overall health. This ... ...

    Abstract Sleep is a universal phenomenon occurring in all species studied thus far. Sleep loss results in adverse physiological effects at both the organismal and cellular levels suggesting an adaptive role for sleep in the maintenance of overall health. This review examines the bidirectional relationship between sleep and cellular stress. Cellular stress in this review refers to a shift in cellular homeostasis in response to an external stressor. Studies that illustrate the fact that sleep loss induces cellular stress and those that provide evidence that cellular stress in turn promotes sleep will be discussed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2918626-2
    ISSN 2468-8673 ; 2468-8681
    ISSN (online) 2468-8673
    ISSN 2468-8681
    DOI 10.1016/j.cophys.2019.12.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: The NFκB Dif is required for behavioral and molecular correlates of sleep homeostasis in Drosophila.

    O'Hara, Michael K / Saul, Christopher / Handa, Arun / Cho, Bumsik / Zheng, Xiangzhong / Sehgal, Amita / Williams, Julie A

    Sleep

    2024  

    Abstract: The nuclear factor binding the κ light chain in B-cells (NFκB) is involved in a wide range of cellular processes including development, growth, innate immunity, and sleep. However, genetic studies of the role of specific NFκB transcription factors in ... ...

    Abstract The nuclear factor binding the κ light chain in B-cells (NFκB) is involved in a wide range of cellular processes including development, growth, innate immunity, and sleep. However, genetic studies of the role of specific NFκB transcription factors in sleep have been limited. Drosophila fruit flies carry three genes encoding NFκB transcription factors, Dorsal, Dorsal Immunity Factor (Dif), and Relish. We previously found that loss of the Relish gene from fat body suppressed daily nighttime sleep, and abolished infection-induced sleep. Here we show that Dif regulates daily sleep and recovery sleep following prolonged wakefulness. Mutants of Dif showed reduced daily sleep and suppressed recovery in response to sleep deprivation. Pan-neuronal knockdown of Dif strongly suppressed daily sleep, indicating that in contrast to Relish, Dif functions from the central nervous system to regulate sleep. Based on the unique expression pattern of a Dif- GAL4 driver, we hypothesized that its effects on sleep were mediated by the pars intercerebralis (PI). While RNAi knock-down of Dif in the PI reduced daily sleep, it had no effect on the recovery response to sleep deprivation. However, recovery sleep was suppressed when RNAi knock-down of Dif was distributed across a wider range of neurons. Induction of the nemuri (nur) antimicrobial peptide by sleep deprivation was reduced in Dif mutants and pan-neuronal over-expression of nur also suppressed the Dif mutant phenotype by significantly increasing sleep and reducing nighttime arousability. Together, these findings indicate that Dif functions from brain to target nemuri and to promote deep sleep.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 424441-2
    ISSN 1550-9109 ; 0161-8105
    ISSN (online) 1550-9109
    ISSN 0161-8105
    DOI 10.1093/sleep/zsae096
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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