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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: The neuropathology of schizophrenia

    Williams, Matthew

    2021  

    Author's details Matthew Williams, editor
    Keywords Schizophrenia/Pathophysiology ; Nervous system/Diseases ; Esquizofrènia ; Malalties del sistema nerviós
    Subject code 616.898207
    Language English
    Size 1 online resource (vii, 241 pages) :, illustrations
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place Cham, Switzerland
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    ISBN 3-030-68308-7 ; 3-030-68306-0 ; 978-3-030-68308-5 ; 978-3-030-68306-1
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Microcanonical Analysis of Helical Homopolymers: Exploring the Density of States and Structural Characteristics.

    Williams, Matthew J

    Polymers

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 19

    Abstract: This study investigates the density of states and structural characteristics of helical homopolymers. Comprising repeating identical units, the model enables the exploration of complex behaviors arising from a simple, yet generalized, set of potentials. ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates the density of states and structural characteristics of helical homopolymers. Comprising repeating identical units, the model enables the exploration of complex behaviors arising from a simple, yet generalized, set of potentials. Utilizing microcanonical analysis, transitions between helical structures are identified and categorized. Through a systematic comparison of results under varying conditions, we develop a nuanced understanding of the system's general behavior. A two-dimensional plot illustrates the relative distribution of different structural types, effectively showcasing their prevalence. The findings of this study substantially advance our understanding of the density of states and structural transformations of helical homopolymers across a range of conditions. Additionally, the prevalence plot offers valuable insights into the occurrence of suppressed intermediate states, particularly in models featuring stiff helix segments. This research significantly enhances our understanding of the complex interactions governing helix bundling phenomena within the context of helical homopolymers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym15193870
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online: The Rise of Trump

    MacWilliams, Matthew C

    America's Authoritarian Spring

    2016  

    Keywords Politics & government ; Elections & referenda ; Trump, Donald, -- 1946- -- Influence ; Presidents -- United States -- Election -- 2016 ; Authoritarianism -- United States ; Political culture -- United States
    Language 0|e
    Size 1 electronic resource (64 pages)
    Publisher Amherst College Press
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021620114
    ISBN 9781943208029 ; 1943208026
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  4. Article ; Online: An Undergraduate Health Care Experience Course Increases Confidence and Improves Student Understanding of Health Care Careers.

    Williams, Adrienne / Williams, Matthew

    CBE life sciences education

    2024  Volume 23, Issue 2, Page(s) ar21

    Abstract: Increasing the health care work force is critical to underserved communities. Unfortunately, students in these areas lack accessibility to the clinical experiences needed to get an introductory understanding of careers in health ... ...

    Abstract Increasing the health care work force is critical to underserved communities. Unfortunately, students in these areas lack accessibility to the clinical experiences needed to get an introductory understanding of careers in health care
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Career Choice ; Curriculum ; Female ; Male ; Delivery of Health Care ; Students ; Young Adult ; Comprehension ; Education, Medical, Undergraduate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2465176-X
    ISSN 1931-7913 ; 1931-7913
    ISSN (online) 1931-7913
    ISSN 1931-7913
    DOI 10.1187/cbe.23-05-0076
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Book ; Online: Atlas of Butterflies and Diurnal Moths in the Monsoon Tropics of Northern Australia

    Coppen, Rebecca / Bishop, Carly / Williams, Andrew / Bisa, Deborah / Williams, Matthew / Franklin, Donald / Braby, Michael

    2018  

    Abstract: Northern Australia is one of few tropical places left on Earth in which biodiversity-and the ecological processes underpinning that biodiversity-is still relatively intact. However, scientific knowledge of that biodiversity is still in its infancy and ... ...

    Abstract Northern Australia is one of few tropical places left on Earth in which biodiversity-and the ecological processes underpinning that biodiversity-is still relatively intact. However, scientific knowledge of that biodiversity is still in its infancy and the region remains a frontier for biological discovery. The butterfly and diurnal moth assemblages of the area, and their intimate associations with vascular plants (and sometimes ants), exemplify these points.However, the opportunity to fill knowledge gaps is quickly closing: proposals for substantial development and exploitation of Australia's north will inevitably repeat the ecological devastation that has occurred in temperate southern Australia-loss of species, loss of ecological communities, fragmentation of populations, disruption of healthy ecosystem function and so on-all of which will diminish the value of the natural heritage of the region before it is fully understood and appreciated. Written by several experts in the field, the main purpose of this atlas is to compile a comprehensive inventory of the butterflies and diurnal moths of northern Australia to form the scientific baseline against which the extent and direction of change can be assessed in the future. Such information will also assist in identifying the region's biological assets, to inform policy and management agencies and to set priorities for biodiversity conservation
    Keywords Environmental sciences
    Size 1 electronic resource (462 p.)
    Publisher ANU Press
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020101055
    ISBN 9781760462321 ; 1760462322
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  6. Article ; Online: Acidosis in CKD May Affect Mineralization of Newly Formed Bone According to HR-pQCT and Quantitative Back Scatter Electron Imaging.

    Williams, Matthew J / Hruska, Keith A

    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

    2023  Volume 34, Issue 4, Page(s) 520–523

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Electrons ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Bone Density ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Acidosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1085942-1
    ISSN 1533-3450 ; 1046-6673
    ISSN (online) 1533-3450
    ISSN 1046-6673
    DOI 10.1681/ASN.0000000000000086
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3344: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: Modular Synthesis of Highly Substituted 3-Azapyrroles by Rh(II)-Catalyzed N-H Bond Insertion and Cyclodehydration.

    Williams, Matthew B / Boyer, Alistair

    The Journal of organic chemistry

    2022  

    Abstract: A modular synthesis of highly substituted 3-azapyrroles has been developed using a three-step sequence comprising copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC), N-H bond insertion, and cyclodehydration. 1-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles (1-STs) can be ... ...

    Abstract A modular synthesis of highly substituted 3-azapyrroles has been developed using a three-step sequence comprising copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC), N-H bond insertion, and cyclodehydration. 1-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles (1-STs) can be accessed from common alkyne and sulfonyl azide building blocks by CuAAC using CuTC. Rhodium(II)-acetate-promoted 1-ST denitrogenation results in highly electrophilic rhodium azavinyl carbenes that, here, underwent insertion into the N-H bond of secondary α-aminoketones to form 1,2-aminoalkenes. These products were cyclized and dehydrated using BF
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123490-0
    ISSN 1520-6904 ; 0022-3263
    ISSN (online) 1520-6904
    ISSN 0022-3263
    DOI 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00434
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4473: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  8. Article ; Online: Relative growth rate (RGR) and other confounded variables: mathematical problems and biological solutions.

    Lamont, Byron B / Williams, Matthew R / He, Tianhua

    Annals of botany

    2023  Volume 131, Issue 4, Page(s) 555–568

    Abstract: Background: Relative growth rate (RGR) has a long history of use in biology. In its logged form, RGR = ln[(M + ΔM)/M], where M is size of the organism at the commencement of the study, and ΔM is new growth over time interval Δt. It illustrates the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Relative growth rate (RGR) has a long history of use in biology. In its logged form, RGR = ln[(M + ΔM)/M], where M is size of the organism at the commencement of the study, and ΔM is new growth over time interval Δt. It illustrates the general problem of comparing non-independent (confounded) variables, e.g. (X + Y) vs. X. Thus, RGR depends on what starting M(X) is used even within the same growth phase. Equally, RGR lacks independence from its derived components, net assimilation rate (NAR) and leaf mass ratio (LMR), as RGR = NAR × LMR, so that they cannot legitimately be compared by standard regression or correlation analysis.
    Findings: The mathematical properties of RGR exemplify the general problem of 'spurious' correlations that compare expressions derived from various combinations of the same component terms X and Y. This is particularly acute when X >> Y, the variance of X or Y is large, or there is little range overlap of X and Y values among datasets being compared. Relationships (direction, curvilinearity) between such confounded variables are essentially predetermined and so should not be reported as if they are a finding of the study. Standardizing by M rather than time does not solve the problem. We propose the inherent growth rate (IGR), lnΔM/lnM, as a simple, robust alternative to RGR that is independent of M within the same growth phase.
    Conclusions: Although the preferred alternative is to avoid the practice altogether, we discuss cases where comparing expressions with components in common may still have utility. These may provide insights if (1) the regression slope between pairs yields a new variable of biological interest, (2) the statistical significance of the relationship remains supported using suitable methods, such as our specially devised randomization test, or (3) multiple datasets are compared and found to be statistically different. Distinguishing true biological relationships from spurious ones, which arise from comparing non-independent expressions, is essential when dealing with derived variables associated with plant growth analyses.
    MeSH term(s) Plant Leaves ; Plant Development
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1461328-1
    ISSN 1095-8290 ; 0305-7364
    ISSN (online) 1095-8290
    ISSN 0305-7364
    DOI 10.1093/aob/mcad031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A pilot study into reaching performance after severe to moderate stroke using upper arm support.

    Williams, Matthew R

    PloS one

    2018  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) e0200787

    Abstract: Stroke effects millions of people each year and can have a significant impact on the ability to use the impaired arm and hand. One of the results of stroke is the development of an abnormal shoulder-elbow flexion synergy, where lifting the arm can cause ... ...

    Abstract Stroke effects millions of people each year and can have a significant impact on the ability to use the impaired arm and hand. One of the results of stroke is the development of an abnormal shoulder-elbow flexion synergy, where lifting the arm can cause the elbow, wrist, and finger flexors to involuntarily contract, reducing the ability to reach with the arm and hand opening. This study explored the effect of using support at the upper arm to improve hand and arm reaching performance. Nine participants were studied while performing a virtual reaching task under three conditions: while the weight of their impaired arm was supported by a robot arm, while unsupported, and while using their non-impaired arm. Most subjects exhibited faster and more accurate reaching while supported compared to unsupported. For the subjects who could voluntarily open their hand, most were able to more swiftly open their hand when using upper arm support. In many cases, performance with support was not statistically different than the unaffected arm and hand. Muscle activity of the impaired limb with upper arm support showed decreased effort to lift the arm and reduced biceps activity in most subjects, pointing to a reduction in the abnormal flexion synergy while using upper arm support. While arm support can help to reduce the activation of abnormal synergies, weakness resulting from hemiparesis remains an issue impacting performance. Future systems will need to address both of these causes of disability to more fully restore function after stroke.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Arm/physiology ; Cognition Disorders ; Elbow/physiology ; Female ; Fingers/physiology ; Hand/physiology ; Hospitals, Veterans ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Movement/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Ohio ; Paresis/physiopathology ; Paresis/rehabilitation ; Pilot Projects ; Robotics ; Shoulder/physiology ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Virtual Reality ; Wrist/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0200787
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Exploring definitions of radiological sarcopenia in cancer: a protocol for a scoping review.

    Wang, James Wei / Williams, Matthew

    BMJ open

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) e053076

    Abstract: Introduction: Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle volume or quality, a concept previously established in age-related frailty. Sarcopenia is part of the cancer cachexia syndrome and has therefore been explored as biomarker through the opportunistic ...

    Abstract Introduction: Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle volume or quality, a concept previously established in age-related frailty. Sarcopenia is part of the cancer cachexia syndrome and has therefore been explored as biomarker through the opportunistic measurement of skeletal muscle from routine cancer imaging. However, there is inconsistency in diagnostic landmarks and cut-offs. The most common assessment method is skeletal muscle area at the slice level of the third lumbar vertebrae divided by height squared. Alternative sarcopenia measures have been derived from morphological descriptions of the psoas, thoracic and cervical muscles, driven by tumour-specific anatomical imaging.Current tumour-site specific reviews suggest a link between heterogeneously defined sarcopenia on tumour site-specific outcomes. Because lack of uniformity, a scoping review is best suited to streamline anatomically based definitions and map the evidence to outcomes. The aim of this article is to describe a protocol for a scoping review that will homogenise the evidence of radiological sarcopenia in cancer. The extent, range and nature of reports will be examined, after which possible titles for potential systematic reviews identified.
    Methods and analysis: We will apply methods based on the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review manual. Predefined search terms compiled with a librarian experienced in systematic reviews will be used to search PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane databases studies correlating cross-sectional cancer sarcopenia biomarkers with clinical outcomes. Studies will be mapped according to whether they have defined new sarcopenia measures or applied previous definitions to new populations, both with reported outcomes. This review will generate a numerical analysis on the extent of cancer sarcopenia measures as well as a narrative synthesis to describe the applications of radiologically derived sarcopenia in cancer.
    Ethics and dissemination: Formal ethical approval was not required to undertake this scoping review. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Research Design ; Review Literature as Topic ; Sarcopenia/diagnostic imaging ; Systematic Reviews as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053076
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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