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Article: Underlying Causes of Death among Adults with Cerebral Palsy.

Peterson, Mark D / Wilson, Allecia M / Hurvitz, Edward A

2022 Volume 11, Issue 21

Abstract: Background: Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) represent a growing population whose healthcare needs are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in the underlying causes of death (UCOD) among adults with CP in the United States.!# ...

Abstract	Background: Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) represent a growing population whose healthcare needs are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in the underlying causes of death (UCOD) among adults with CP in the United States. Methods: A national cohort was created from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) database from 1999 to 2019. The UCOD was determined using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10 code G80x, Infantile CP) based on death certificate adjudication. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs), as well as 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for adults with CP. Results: There were 25,138 deaths where CP was listed as the UCOD between 1999-2019. There was a steady increase in the UCOD attributable to CP in both crude mortality rates and AAMRs, with the highest rates occurring in 2019. The highest co-occurring secondary causes of death were other diseases of the nervous system (e.g., epilepsy), diseases of the respiratory system (e.g., pneumonia), symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (e.g., dysphagia), and diseases of the circulatory system (e.g., cardiovascular disease). Conclusions: Listing the UCOD as CP should be accompanied by other mechanisms leading to mortality in this population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm11216333
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Authors' Reply.

Farkash, Evan A / Wilson, Allecia M / Jentzen, Jeffrey M

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

2020 Volume 31, Issue 9, Page(s) 2225–2226

MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1085942-1
ISSN	1533-3450 ; 1046-6673
ISSN (online)	1533-3450
ISSN	1046-6673
DOI	10.1681/ASN.2020060847
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Article ; Online: Ultrastructural Evidence for Direct Renal Infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Farkash, Evan A / Wilson, Allecia M / Jentzen, Jeffrey M

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

2020 Volume 31, Issue 8, Page(s) 1683–1687

Abstract: Background: A significant fraction of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) display abnormalities in renal function. Retrospective studies of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, report an incidence of 3%-7% progressing to ... ...

Abstract	Background: A significant fraction of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) display abnormalities in renal function. Retrospective studies of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, report an incidence of 3%-7% progressing to ARF, a marker of poor prognosis. The cause of the renal failure in COVID-19 is unknown, but one hypothesized mechanism is direct renal infection by the causative virus, SARS-CoV-2. Methods: We performed an autopsy on a single patient who died of COVID-19 after open repair of an aortic dissection, complicated by hypoxic respiratory failure and oliguric renal failure. We used light and electron microscopy to examine renal tissue for evidence of SARS-CoV-2 within renal cells. Results: Light microscopy of proximal tubules showed geographic isometric vacuolization, corresponding to a focus of tubules with abundant intracellular viral arrays. Individual viruses averaged 76 Conclusions: The presence of viral particles in the renal tubular epithelium that were morphologically identical to SARS-CoV-2, and with viral arrays and other features of virus assembly, provide evidence of a productive direct infection of the kidney by SARS-CoV-2. This finding offers confirmatory evidence that direct renal infection occurs in the setting of AKI in COVID-19. However, the frequency and clinical significance of direct infection in COVID-19 is unclear. Tubular isometric vacuolization observed with light microscopy, which correlates with double-membrane vesicles containing vacuoles observed with electronic microscopy, may be a useful histologic marker for active SARS-CoV-2 infection in kidney biopsy or autopsy specimens.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Kidney Injury/complications ; Acute Kidney Injury/mortality ; Aortic Dissection/surgery ; Autopsy ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/mortality ; Epithelial Cells/pathology ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules/pathology ; Kidney Tubules/ultrastructure ; Kidney Tubules/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephritis/physiopathology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/mortality ; Prognosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1085942-1
ISSN	1533-3450 ; 1046-6673
ISSN (online)	1533-3450
ISSN	1046-6673
DOI	10.1681/ASN.2020040432
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Article: Educational Case: Hirschsprung Disease.

Kroll-Wheeler, Lauren / Wilson, Allecia M

Academic pathology

2019 Volume 6, Page(s) 2374289519893088

Abstract: The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and ... ...

Abstract	The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, see
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2819382-9
ISSN	2374-2895
ISSN	2374-2895
DOI	10.1177/2374289519893088
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Article ; Online: Sickle cell trait: an unsound cause of death.

Lichtsinn, Hannah S / Weyand, Angela C / McKinney, Zeke J / Wilson, Allecia M

Lancet (London, England)

2021 Volume 398, Issue 10306, Page(s) 1128–1129

MeSH term(s)	African Americans ; Cause of Death ; Humans ; Male ; Prisoners/statistics & numerical data ; Prisons ; Racism ; Sickle Cell Trait/mortality
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01814-6
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Article: Authors' Reply

Farkash, Evan A / Wilson, Allecia M / Jentzen, Jeffrey M

J Am Soc Nephrol

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #836029
Database	COVID19

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Article: Ultrastructural Evidence for Direct Renal Infection with SARS-CoV-2

Farkash, Evan A / Wilson, Allecia M / Jentzen, Jeffrey M

J Am Soc Nephrol

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A significant fraction of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) display abnormalities in renal function. Retrospective studies of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, report an incidence of 3%-7% progressing to ARF, ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: A significant fraction of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) display abnormalities in renal function. Retrospective studies of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, report an incidence of 3%-7% progressing to ARF, a marker of poor prognosis. The cause of the renal failure in COVID-19 is unknown, but one hypothesized mechanism is direct renal infection by the causative virus, SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We performed an autopsy on a single patient who died of COVID-19 after open repair of an aortic dissection, complicated by hypoxic respiratory failure and oliguric renal failure. We used light and electron microscopy to examine renal tissue for evidence of SARS-CoV-2 within renal cells. RESULTS: Light microscopy of proximal tubules showed geographic isometric vacuolization, corresponding to a focus of tubules with abundant intracellular viral arrays. Individual viruses averaged 76 µm in diameter and had an envelope studded with crown-like, electron-dense spikes. Vacuoles contained double-membrane vesicles suggestive of partially assembled virus. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of viral particles in the renal tubular epithelium that were morphologically identical to SARS-CoV-2, and with viral arrays and other features of virus assembly, provide evidence of a productive direct infection of the kidney by SARS-CoV-2. This finding offers confirmatory evidence that direct renal infection occurs in the setting of AKI in COVID-19. However, the frequency and clinical significance of direct infection in COVID-19 is unclear. Tubular isometric vacuolization observed with light microscopy, which correlates with double-membrane vesicles containing vacuoles observed with electronic microscopy, may be a useful histologic marker for active SARS-CoV-2 infection in kidney biopsy or autopsy specimens.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #186288
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) resulting from coronavirus disease 2019 Infection is Morphologically Indistinguishable from Other Causes of DAD.

Konopka, Kristine E / Nguyen, Teresa / Jentzen, Jeffrey M / Rayes, Omar / Schmidt, Carl J / Wilson, Allecia M / Farver, Carol F / Myers, Jeffrey L

Histopathology

2020 Volume 77, Issue 4, Page(s) 570–578

Abstract: Aims: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a ubiquitous finding in inpatient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related deaths, but recent reports have also described additional atypical findings, including vascular changes. An aim of this study was to ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a ubiquitous finding in inpatient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related deaths, but recent reports have also described additional atypical findings, including vascular changes. An aim of this study was to assess lung autopsy findings in COVID-19 inpatients, and in untreated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive individuals who died in the community, in order to understand the relative impact of medical intervention on lung histology. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether COVID-19 represents a unique histological variant of DAD by comparing the pathological findings with those of uninfected control patients. Methods and results: Lung sections from autopsy cases were reviewed by three pulmonary pathologists, including two who were blinded to patient cohort. The cohorts included four COVID-19 inpatients, four cases with postmortem SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses who died in the community, and eight SARS-CoV-2-negative control cases. DAD was present in all but one SARS-CoV-2-positive patient, who was asymptomatic and died in the community. Although SARS-CoV-2-positive patients were noted to have more focal perivascular inflammation/endothelialitis than control patients, there were no significant differences in the presence of hyaline membranes, fibrin thrombi, airspace organisation, and 'acute fibrinous and organising pneumonia'-like intra-alveolar fibrin deposition between the cohorts. Fibrinoid vessel wall necrosis, haemorrhage and capillaritis were not features of COVID-19-related DAD. Conclusions: DAD is the primary histological manifestation of severe lung disease in COVID-19 patients who die both in hospital and in the community, suggesting no contribution of hyperoxaemic mechanical ventilation to the histological changes. There are no distinctive morphological features with which to confidently differentiate COVID-19-related DAD from DAD due to other causes.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/pathology ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/virology ; Autopsy ; Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Cohort Studies ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Female ; Humans ; Lung/pathology ; Lung/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	131914-0
ISSN	1365-2559 ; 0309-0167
ISSN (online)	1365-2559
ISSN	0309-0167
DOI	10.1111/his.14180
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Zs.A 1328: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A 37-Year-Old Man With Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome Presenting With Respiratory Distress and Worsening Toe Ischemia.

Kazzaz, Nayef M / Wilson, Allecia M / Kado, Ruba / Barnes, Geoffrey D / Knight, Jason S

Arthritis care & research

2017 Volume 69, Issue 8, Page(s) 1253–1259

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome/complications ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome/diagnosis ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome/therapy ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis ; Coronary Artery Disease/etiology ; Coronary Artery Disease/therapy ; Disease Progression ; Dyspnea/diagnosis ; Dyspnea/etiology ; Dyspnea/therapy ; Fatal Outcome ; Hemorrhage/diagnosis ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Hemorrhage/therapy ; Humans ; Ischemia/diagnosis ; Ischemia/etiology ; Ischemia/therapy ; Lung Diseases/diagnosis ; Lung Diseases/etiology ; Lung Diseases/therapy ; Male ; Toes/blood supply
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645059-3
ISSN	2151-4658 ; 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
ISSN (online)	2151-4658
ISSN	0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
DOI	10.1002/acr.23168
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Zs.A 2446: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.A 24: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article: Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD) from Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection is Morphologically Indistinguishable from Other Causes of DAD

Konopka, Kristine E / Nguyen, Teresa / Jentzen, Jeffrey M / Rayes, Omar / Schmidt, Carl J / Wilson, Allecia M / Farver, Carol F / Myers, Jeffrey L

Histopathology

Abstract: AIMS: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a ubiquitous finding in inpatient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related deaths, but recent reports also describe additional atypical findings, including vascular changes. Here, we assess lung autopsy findings ... ...

Abstract	AIMS: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a ubiquitous finding in inpatient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related deaths, but recent reports also describe additional atypical findings, including vascular changes. Here, we assess lung autopsy findings in COVID-19 inpatients and untreated, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive individuals who died in the community to understand the relative impact of medical intervention on lung histology. Additionally, we investigate if COVID-19 represents a unique histologic variant of DAD by comparing the pathologic findings to uninfected control patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Lung sections from autopsy cases were reviewed by three pulmonary pathologists, including two who were blinded to patient cohort. The cohorts included 4 COVID-19 inpatients, 4 cases with post-mortem SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses who died in the community, and 8 SARS-CoV-2-negative control cases. DAD was present in all but one SARS-CoV-2-positive patient who was asymptomatic and died in the community. Although SARS-CoV-2-positive patients were noted to have more focal perivascular inflammation/endothelialitis than control patients, there were no significant differences in the presence of hyaline membranes, fibrin thrombi, airspace organization, and "acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia"-like intraalveolar fibrin deposition between the cohorts. Fibrinoid vessel wall necrosis, hemorrhage, and capillaritis were not features of COVID-19-related DAD. CONCLUSIONS: DAD is the primary histologic manifestation of severe lung disease in COVID-19 patients who die both in the hospital and in the community, suggesting no contribution of hyperoxemic mechanical ventilation to the histologic changes. There are no distinctive morphologic features to confidently differentiate COVID-19-related DAD from DAD due to other causes.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #32542743
Database	COVID19

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