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  1. Article ; Online: Research Note: Bovine lactoferrin in chickens: an investigation into its viability as an antibiotic alternative.

    Wong, Theresa W / Rai, Vikrant / Dong, Fanglong / Tkalcic, Suzana / Aguilar, Jose Santiago / Dawes, Maisie E

    Poultry science

    2024  Volume 103, Issue 6, Page(s) 103658

    Abstract: Finding effective antibiotic alternatives is crucial to managing the re-emerging health risk of Clostridium perfringens (CP) type A/G-induced avian necrotic enteritis (NE), a disease that has regained prominence in the wake of governmental restrictions ... ...

    Abstract Finding effective antibiotic alternatives is crucial to managing the re-emerging health risk of Clostridium perfringens (CP) type A/G-induced avian necrotic enteritis (NE), a disease that has regained prominence in the wake of governmental restrictions on antibiotic use in poultry. Known for its antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects, the use of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) in chickens is yet to be fully explored. In this study, we hypothesized that bLF can accumulate in the small intestines of healthy chickens through gavage and intramuscular supplementation and serves as a potential antibiotic alternative. Immunohistochemistry located bLF in various layers of the small intestines and ELISA testing confirmed its accumulation. Surprisingly, sham-treated chickens also showed the presence of bLF, prompting a western blotting analysis that dismissed the notion of cross-reactivity between bLF and the avian protein ovotransferrin. Although the significance of the route of administration remains inconclusive, this study supports the hypothesis that bLF is a promising and safe antibiotic alternative with demonstrated resistance to the degradative environment of the chicken intestines. Further studies are needed to determine its beneficial pharmacological effects in CP-infected chickens.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242586-5
    ISSN 1525-3171 ; 0032-5791
    ISSN (online) 1525-3171
    ISSN 0032-5791
    DOI 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103658
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Prognosis Communication in Late-Life Disability: A Mixed Methods Study.

    Wong, Theresa W / Lang-Brown, Sean / Romo, Rafael D / Au-Yeung, Alvin / Lee, Sei J / Moran, Patricia J / Karlawish, Jason / Sudore, Rebecca / Clayton, Josephine / Smith, Alexander K

    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

    2017  Volume 65, Issue 11, Page(s) 2496–2501

    Abstract: Importance: Long-term prognosis informs clinical and personal decisions for older adults with late-life disability. However, many clinicians worry that telling patients their prognosis may cause harm.: Objective: To explore the safety of and ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Long-term prognosis informs clinical and personal decisions for older adults with late-life disability. However, many clinicians worry that telling patients their prognosis may cause harm.
    Objective: To explore the safety of and reactions to prognosis communication in late-life disability.
    Design: Participants estimated their own life expectancy and were then presented their calculated life expectancy using a validated prognostic index. We used a semi-structured interview guide to ask for their reactions. Qualitative data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis. Potential psychological and behavioral outcomes in response to receiving one's calculated prognosis were recorded and re-assessed 2-4 weeks later.
    Setting: Community-dwelling older adults age 70+ residing in the San Francisco Bay Area.
    Participants: Thirty five older adults with a median age of 80 requiring assistance with ≥1 Activity of Daily Living.
    Results: Self-estimates of life expectancy were similar to calculated results for 16 participants. 15 estimated their life expectancy to be longer than their calculated life expectancy by >2 years, while 4 shorter by >2 years. An overarching theme of, "fitting life expectancy into one's narrative" emerged from qualitative analysis. Discussing life expectancy led participants to express how they could alter their life expectancy (subtheme "locus of control"), how they saw their present health (subtheme "perceived health"), and their hopes and fears for the remaining years of their lives (subtheme "outlook on remaining years"). Feelings of anxiety and sadness in reaction to receiving calculated prognosis were rare.
    Conclusions and relevance: About half of the disabled older adults' self-estimates of prognosis were similar to calculated estimates. Evidence of sadness or anxiety was rare. These data suggest that in most cases, clinicians may offer to discuss prognosis.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Attitude to Health ; California ; Disabled Persons/psychology ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Patient Preference/psychology ; Prognosis ; Qualitative Research ; Truth Disclosure
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80363-7
    ISSN 1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
    ISSN (online) 1532-5415
    ISSN 0002-8614
    DOI 10.1111/jgs.15025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Expanding the diversity of mycobacteriophages: insights into genome architecture and evolution.

    Pope, Welkin H / Jacobs-Sera, Deborah / Russell, Daniel A / Peebles, Craig L / Al-Atrache, Zein / Alcoser, Turi A / Alexander, Lisa M / Alfano, Matthew B / Alford, Samantha T / Amy, Nichols E / Anderson, Marie D / Anderson, Alexander G / Ang, Andrew A S / Ares, Manuel / Barber, Amanda J / Barker, Lucia P / Barrett, Jonathan M / Barshop, William D / Bauerle, Cynthia M /
    Bayles, Ian M / Belfield, Katherine L / Best, Aaron A / Borjon, Agustin / Bowman, Charles A / Boyer, Christine A / Bradley, Kevin W / Bradley, Victoria A / Broadway, Lauren N / Budwal, Keshav / Busby, Kayla N / Campbell, Ian W / Campbell, Anne M / Carey, Alyssa / Caruso, Steven M / Chew, Rebekah D / Cockburn, Chelsea L / Cohen, Lianne B / Corajod, Jeffrey M / Cresawn, Steven G / Davis, Kimberly R / Deng, Lisa / Denver, Dee R / Dixon, Breyon R / Ekram, Sahrish / Elgin, Sarah C R / Engelsen, Angela E / English, Belle E V / Erb, Marcella L / Estrada, Crystal / Filliger, Laura Z / Findley, Ann M / Forbes, Lauren / Forsyth, Mark H / Fox, Tyler M / Fritz, Melissa J / Garcia, Roberto / George, Zindzi D / Georges, Anne E / Gissendanner, Christopher R / Goff, Shannon / Goldstein, Rebecca / Gordon, Kobie C / Green, Russell D / Guerra, Stephanie L / Guiney-Olsen, Krysta R / Guiza, Bridget G / Haghighat, Leila / Hagopian, Garrett V / Harmon, Catherine J / Harmson, Jeremy S / Hartzog, Grant A / Harvey, Samuel E / He, Siping / He, Kevin J / Healy, Kaitlin E / Higinbotham, Ellen R / Hildebrandt, Erin N / Ho, Jason H / Hogan, Gina M / Hohenstein, Victoria G / Holz, Nathan A / Huang, Vincent J / Hufford, Ericka L / Hynes, Peter M / Jackson, Arrykka S / Jansen, Erica C / Jarvik, Jonathan / Jasinto, Paul G / Jordan, Tuajuanda C / Kasza, Tomas / Katelyn, Murray A / Kelsey, Jessica S / Kerrigan, Larisa A / Khaw, Daryl / Kim, Junghee / Knutter, Justin Z / Ko, Ching-Chung / Larkin, Gail V / Laroche, Jennifer R / Latif, Asma / Leuba, Kohana D / Leuba, Sequoia I / Lewis, Lynn O / Loesser-Casey, Kathryn E / Long, Courtney A / Lopez, A Javier / Lowery, Nicholas / Lu, Tina Q / Mac, Victor / Masters, Isaac R / McCloud, Jazmyn J / McDonough, Molly J / Medenbach, Andrew J / Menon, Anjali / Miller, Rachel / Morgan, Brandon K / Ng, Patrick C / Nguyen, Elvis / Nguyen, Katrina T / Nguyen, Emilie T / Nicholson, Kaylee M / Parnell, Lindsay A / Peirce, Caitlin E / Perz, Allison M / Peterson, Luke J / Pferdehirt, Rachel E / Philip, Seegren V / Pogliano, Kit / Pogliano, Joe / Polley, Tamsen / Puopolo, Erica J / Rabinowitz, Hannah S / Resiss, Michael J / Rhyan, Corwin N / Robinson, Yetta M / Rodriguez, Lauren L / Rose, Andrew C / Rubin, Jeffrey D / Ruby, Jessica A / Saha, Margaret S / Sandoz, James W / Savitskaya, Judith / Schipper, Dale J / Schnitzler, Christine E / Schott, Amanda R / Segal, J Bradley / Shaffer, Christopher D / Sheldon, Kathryn E / Shepard, Erica M / Shepardson, Jonathan W / Shroff, Madav K / Simmons, Jessica M / Simms, Erika F / Simpson, Brandy M / Sinclair, Kathryn M / Sjoholm, Robert L / Slette, Ingrid J / Spaulding, Blaire C / Straub, Clark L / Stukey, Joseph / Sughrue, Trevor / Tang, Tin-Yun / Tatyana, Lyons M / Taylor, Stephen B / Taylor, Barbara J / Temple, Louise M / Thompson, Jasper V / Tokarz, Michael P / Trapani, Stephanie E / Troum, Alexander P / Tsay, Jonathan / Tubbs, Anthony T / Walton, Jillian M / Wang, Danielle H / Wang, Hannah / Warner, John R / Weisser, Emilie G / Wendler, Samantha C / Weston-Hafer, Kathleen A / Whelan, Hilary M / Williamson, Kurt E / Willis, Angelica N / Wirtshafter, Hannah S / Wong, Theresa W / Wu, Phillip / Yang, Yun jeong / Yee, Brandon C / Zaidins, David A / Zhang, Bo / Zúniga, Melina Y / Hendrix, Roger W / Hatfull, Graham F

    PloS one

    2011  Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) e16329

    Abstract: Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect mycobacterial hosts such as Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All mycobacteriophages characterized to date are dsDNA tailed phages, and have either siphoviral or myoviral morphotypes. ... ...

    Abstract Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect mycobacterial hosts such as Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All mycobacteriophages characterized to date are dsDNA tailed phages, and have either siphoviral or myoviral morphotypes. However, their genetic diversity is considerable, and although sixty-two genomes have been sequenced and comparatively analyzed, these likely represent only a small portion of the diversity of the mycobacteriophage population at large. Here we report the isolation, sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of 18 new mycobacteriophages isolated from geographically distinct locations within the United States. Although no clear correlation between location and genome type can be discerned, these genomes expand our knowledge of mycobacteriophage diversity and enhance our understanding of the roles of mobile elements in viral evolution. Expansion of the number of mycobacteriophages grouped within Cluster A provides insights into the basis of immune specificity in these temperate phages, and we also describe a novel example of apparent immunity theft. The isolation and genomic analysis of bacteriophages by freshman college students provides an example of an authentic research experience for novice scientists.
    MeSH term(s) Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Geography ; Mycobacteriophages/genetics ; Mycobacteriophages/immunology ; Mycobacteriophages/isolation & purification ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; United States
    Chemical Substances DNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0016329
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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