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Article ; Online: Mammography-Guided Interventional Procedure

Woo Jung Choi / Hak Hee Kim

Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology, Vol 84, Iss 2, Pp 320-

2023 Volume 331

Abstract: Mammography has been the standard screening method for breast cancer. In women with suspicious calcifications and architectural distortion identified on mammography or digital breast tomosynthesis only without detected on breast US, stereotactic biopsy ... ...

Abstract	Mammography has been the standard screening method for breast cancer. In women with suspicious calcifications and architectural distortion identified on mammography or digital breast tomosynthesis only without detected on breast US, stereotactic biopsy and mammographyguided preoperative localization is one of the method for pathologic diagnosis. This review aims to describe the indication, contraindication, technique of stereotactic biopsy, clip placement after stereotactic biopsy, and digital breast tomosynthesis-guided stereotactic biopsy. In addition, this article reviews mammography-guided preoperative localization using a wire or non-wire device.
Keywords	breast ; biopsy ; mammography ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Korean Society of Radiology
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impact of Simulated Electronic Health Records on Informatics Competency of Students in Informatics Course

Jeeyae Choi / Lisa Anne Bove / Valerie Tarte / Woo Jung Choi

Healthcare Informatics Research, Vol 27, Iss 1, Pp 67-

2021 Volume 72

Abstract: Objectives Nursing has embraced online education to increase its workforce while providing flexible advanced education to nurse professionals. Faculty use virtual simulation and other adaptive learning technologies to enhance learning efficiency and ... ...

Abstract	Objectives Nursing has embraced online education to increase its workforce while providing flexible advanced education to nurse professionals. Faculty use virtual simulation and other adaptive learning technologies to enhance learning efficiency and student outcomes in online courses. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of simulated Electronic Health Records (EHRs) on informatics competency in a graduate online informatics course. Methods A two-group independent measures study design was adopted to assess students’ perception of a simulated EHR while comparing differences in informatics competencies between an intervention group and a control group. A simulated EHR assignment was provided to students in the intervention group, and a paper assignment was provided to those in the control group. The informatics competency of the students was measured using the Self-Assessment of Informatics Competency Scale for Health Professionals (SICS). Results Students who were enrolled in a family nurse practitioner program in fall of 2019 participated in this study (n = 39). The students expressed positive perceptions of a simulated EHR experience. The SICS results indicated that students in the intervention (simulated EHR) group showed higher informatics competency than those in the control group. Conclusions The positive results of this study support incorporating simulated EHR exercises in online courses. Higher informatics competency in the intervention group implies that the use of simulated EHR facilitated learning of complicated informatics concepts.
Keywords	online education ; online learning ; electronic health record ; simulation training ; informatics ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Subject code	028
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Korean Society of Medical Informatics
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Patterns in the Use and Perception of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis

Eun Young Chae / Joo Hee Cha / Hee Jung Shin / Woo Jung Choi / Jihye Kim / Sun Mi Kim / Hak Hee Kim

대한영상의학회지, Vol 83, Iss 6, Pp 1327-

A Survey of Korean Breast Radiologists

2022 Volume 1341

Abstract: Purpose To evaluate the pattern of use and the perception of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) among Korean breast radiologists. Materials and Methods From March 22 to 29, 2021, an online survey comprising 27 questions was sent to members of the Korean ... ...

Abstract	Purpose To evaluate the pattern of use and the perception of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) among Korean breast radiologists. Materials and Methods From March 22 to 29, 2021, an online survey comprising 27 questions was sent to members of the Korean Society of Breast Imaging. Questions related to practice characteristics, utilization and perception of DBT, and research interests. Results were analyzed based on factors using logistic regression. Results Overall, 120 of 257 members responded to the survey (response rate, 46.7%), 67 (55.8%) of whom reported using DBT. The overall satisfaction with DBT was 3.31 (1–5 scale). The most-cited DBT advantages were decreased recall rate (55.8%), increased lesion conspicuity (48.3%), and increased cancer detection (45.8%). The most-cited DBT disadvantages were extra cost for patients (46.7%), insufficient calcification characterization (43.3%), insufficient improvement in diagnostic performance (39.2%), and radiation dose (35.8%). Radiologists reported increased storage requirements and interpretation time for barriers to implementing DBT. Conclusion Further improvement of DBT techniques reflecting feedback from the user’s perspective will help increase the acceptance of DBT in Korea.
Keywords	Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Korean Society of Radiology
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Methods for the Determination of Stable Isotope Ratios of Multiple Nitrogen Species in Rainwater Using Distillation and Evaporation

Young-Jae Jeong / Bo-Seong Seo / Nuri Baek / Jin-Hyeob Kwak / Sang-Mo Lee / Hyun-Jin Park / Woo-Jung Choi

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol

2022 Volume 10

Abstract: Nitrogen (N) isotope ratios (δ15N) of multiple N species including ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), dissolved organic N (DON), and total dissolved N (TDN) can serve as indicators of the sources of wet N deposition. However, methods for sequential ... ...

Abstract	Nitrogen (N) isotope ratios (δ15N) of multiple N species including ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), dissolved organic N (DON), and total dissolved N (TDN) can serve as indicators of the sources of wet N deposition. However, methods for sequential analysis of these multiple N species are not well developed. In this study, methods for the determination of δ15N of these multiple N species were proposed through a traditional distillation method for NH4+ and NO3−, direct evaporation for TDN, and an isotope mass balance equation for δ15N-DON. A series of experiments were conducted 1) to find evaporation conditions including pH (<3.5 vs. 5.4) and evaporation methods (oven drying at 60 and 100°C, infra-red chamber, and freeze-drying), 2) to investigate precision and accuracy of distillation for δ15N of NH4+ and NO3−, and 3) to determine δ15N-TDN by direct evaporation and δ15N-DON with mass balance equation. (NH4)2SO4 (‒4.0 ± 0.03‰), KNO3 (‒4.2 ± 0.03‰), and CO(NH2)2 (‒5.4 ± 0.04‰) were used as reference materials for NH4+, NO3−, and DON, respectively. In this study, for the analysis of δ15N of NH4+ and NO3−, the conventional distillation method was tested in an effort to save cost for laboratories equipped with the distillation system. Evaporation using oven at 60°C (but not 100°C), infra-red chamber, or freeze-drier after acidification to < pH 3.5 prevented 14NH3 loss. Analysis of the δ15N-NO3− (‒4.4 ± 0.1‰ to ‒3.9 ± 0.5‰) was reliable for a wide range of N content (0.1–0.5 mg), but analytical errors for δ15N-NH4+ were as high as 2.1‰ when N content was small (e.g., 0.1–0.3 mg N) due to background contamination and potential interference by co-existing DON. Direct evaporation of solution containing NH4+, NO3−, and DON to dryness produced reliable δ15N-TDN with accuracy <0.15‰ and precision <0.21‰. However, the analytical errors of δ15N-DON were highly dependent on the content of co-existing NH4+ as well as DON content. Therefore, the proposed protocol can be applied for rainwater containing a high NH4+ ...
Keywords	ammonium ; dissolved organic nitrogen ; nitrate ; nitrogen isotope fractionation ; stable nitrogen isotope ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mammographically occult breast cancers detected with AI-based diagnosis supporting software

Hee Jeong Kim / Hak Hee Kim / Ki Hwan Kim / Woo Jung Choi / Eun Young Chae / Hee Jung Shin / Joo Hee Cha / Woo Hyun Shim

Insights into Imaging, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

clinical and histopathologic characteristics

2022 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Background To demonstrate the value of an artificial intelligence (AI) software in the detection of mammographically occult breast cancers and to determine the clinicopathologic patterns of the cancers additionally detected using the AI software. ...

Abstract	Abstract Background To demonstrate the value of an artificial intelligence (AI) software in the detection of mammographically occult breast cancers and to determine the clinicopathologic patterns of the cancers additionally detected using the AI software. Methods By retrospectively reviewing our institutional database (January 2017–September 2019), we identified women with mammographically occult breast cancers and analyzed their mammography with an AI software that provided a malignancy score (range 0–100; > 10 considered as positive). The hot spots in the AI report were compared with the US and MRI findings to determine if the cancers were correctly marked by the AI software. The clinicopathologic characteristics of the AI-detected cancers were analyzed and compared with those of undetected cancers. Results Among the 1890 breast cancers, 6.8% (128/1890) were mammographically occult, among which 38.3% (49/128) had positive results in the AI analysis. Of them, 81.6% (40/49) were correctly marked by the AI software and determined as “AI-detected cancers.” As such, 31.3% (40/128) of mammographically occult breast cancers could be identified by the AI software. Of the AI-detected cancers, 97.5% were found in heterogeneously or extremely dense breasts, 52.5% were asymptomatic, 86.5% were invasive, and 29.7% had axillary lymph node metastasis. Compared with undetected cancers, the AI-detected cancers were more likely to be found in younger patients (p < 0.001), undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy as well as mastectomy rather than breast-conserving operation (both p < 0.001), and accompany axillary lymph node metastasis (p = 0.003). Conclusions AI conferred an added value in the detection of mammographically occult breast cancers.
Keywords	Artificial intelligence ; Mammography ; Breast neoplasms ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Long-term N and S addition and changed litter chemistry do not affect trembling aspen leaf litter decomposition, elemental composition and enzyme activity in a boreal forest

Wang, Qi / Jin-Hyeob Kwak / Woo-Jung Choi / Scott X. Chang

Environmental pollution. 2019 July, v. 250

2019

Abstract: The effect of long-term nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition on litter mass loss and changes in carbon (C), N, and S composition and enzyme activities during litter decomposition was investigated in a boreal forest. This study included four N × S ... ...

Abstract	The effect of long-term nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition on litter mass loss and changes in carbon (C), N, and S composition and enzyme activities during litter decomposition was investigated in a boreal forest. This study included four N × S treatments: control (CK), N application (30 kg N ha−1 yr−1), S application (30 kg S ha−1 yr−1), and N plus S application (both at 30 kg ha−1 yr−1). Two experiments were conducted for 22 months: 1) a common litter decomposition experiment with litter bags containing a common litter (same litter chemistry) and 2) an in-situ litter decomposition experiment with litter from each treatment plot (and thus having different litter chemistry). Litterbags were placed onto the four treatment plots to investigate the direct effect of N and S addition and the combined effect of N and/or S addition and litter chemistry on litter decomposition, respectively. Regardless of the source of litter, N and/or S addition affected C, N and S composition at a certain period of the experiment but did not affect litter mass loss and enzyme activity throughout the experiment, indicating that the N and S addition rates were below the critical level required to affect C and N cycling in the studied ecosystem. However, the greater change in N composition per unit of litter mass loss in the N addition treatment than in the other treatments in the common litter but not in the in-situ litter experiment, suggests that the effect of N addition on N loss and retention depends on the initial litter chemistry. We conclude that the studied N and S addition rates did not affect litter decomposition and elemental cycling in the studied forest ecosystem even though the N and S addition rates were much greater than their ambient deposition rates.
Keywords	Populus tremuloides ; bags ; boreal forests ; carbon ; elemental composition ; enzyme activity ; forest ecosystems ; nitrogen ; plant litter ; sulfur
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-07
Size	p. 143-154.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.007
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Warming Increased Nitrogen Availability and Tree Growth During the Last Five Decades as Revealed by Annual Ring Data of Pinus merkusii in Central Vietnam

Viet, Hung Dinh / Jin-Hyeob Kwak / Kim Nguyen Tu / Woo-Jung Choi

Communications in soil science and plant analysis. 2018 Feb. 21, v. 49, no. 4

2018

Abstract: The effects of climate change including warming on nitrogen (N) availability and growth of Pinus merkusii in central Vietnam were investigated using the relationship between climate variables (rainfall and temperature) and tree-ring parameters (ring ... ...

Abstract	The effects of climate change including warming on nitrogen (N) availability and growth of Pinus merkusii in central Vietnam were investigated using the relationship between climate variables (rainfall and temperature) and tree-ring parameters (ring width, density, basal area increment, and N concentration) for the last five decades. Rainfall was not correlated with any tree-ring parameters, indicating that water availability did not limit tree growth in the study site probably due to sufficient rainfall. Temperature was positively correlated with ring N concentration, basal area increment, and ring density, probably reflecting the positive effects of warming on soil N mineralization, net photosynthesis, and cell wall thickness, respectively. Therefore, this study suggested that global warming during the last five decades increased N availability and the increased N further helped warming-induced increases in the growth of P. merkusii in central Vietnam.
Keywords	basal area ; cell walls ; climatic factors ; correlation ; global warming ; growth rings ; mineralization ; nitrogen ; nitrogen content ; photosynthesis ; Pinus merkusii ; rain ; soil ; temperature ; tree growth ; Vietnam
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0221
Size	p. 416-425.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	419718-5
ISSN	1532-2416 ; 0010-3624
ISSN (online)	1532-2416
ISSN	0010-3624
DOI	10.1080/00103624.2018.1427265
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Decomposition of trembling aspen leaf litter under long-term nitrogen and sulfur deposition: Effects of litter chemistry and forest floor microbial properties

Wang, Qi / Jin-Hyeob Kwak / Scott X. Chang / Woo-Jung Choi

Forest ecology and management. 2018 Mar. 15, v. 412

2018

Abstract: Litter decomposition rates are affected by abiotic and biotic factors such as climate, soil physico-chemical properties, litter chemistry, nitrogen (N) availability, and activities of soil organisms. Elevated N and sulfur (S) deposition originated from ... ...

Abstract	Litter decomposition rates are affected by abiotic and biotic factors such as climate, soil physico-chemical properties, litter chemistry, nitrogen (N) availability, and activities of soil organisms. Elevated N and sulfur (S) deposition originated from oil sands mining and upgrading activities can change soil microbial properties, litter chemistry, and litter decomposition rates in the surrounding forest ecosystems in northern Alberta. We studied (1) the effect of long-term N and S deposition on litter chemistry and soil microbial properties, and (2) the effect of changed litter chemistry and soil microbial properties on litter decomposition (CO2 emission) in a 100-day laboratory incubation experiment using trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) leaf litter and forest floor collected from a mixedwood boreal forest that has been subject to simulated N and S deposition for 10â¯years. Litter chemistry (lignin, total carbon (C) and N, and calcium (Ca), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), and magnesium (Mg) concentration) and forest floor microbial properties (microbial biomass C and N, and extracellular enzyme activities) were analyzed. Ten years of N and S addition increased N (Pâ¯<â¯.05 unless otherwise stated) and decreased lignin concentrations resulting in lower C/N and lignin/N ratios in the litter. In addition, N and S addition increased forest floor microbial biomass (Pâ¯<â¯.01) and enzyme activities. Cumulative CO2 emission (Ccum) from litter was greater from the N and/or S addition treatments than that from the control, probably due to decreased C/N and lignin/N ratios in litter from the N and S addition treatments; meanwhile, Ccum from litter was not affected by soil microbial activity. The results indicate that N and S deposition enhances decomposition of aspen leaf litter by decreasing C/N and lignin/N ratios, suggesting that long-term exposure to high levels of N and S deposition can significantly change C (and associated nutrients) cycling in forest ecosystems in the oil sands region.
Keywords	aluminum ; biotic factors ; boreal forests ; calcium ; carbon ; carbon dioxide ; chronic exposure ; climate ; enzyme activity ; forest litter ; greenhouse gas emissions ; lignin ; magnesium ; manganese ; microbial activity ; microbial biomass ; mining ; nitrogen ; nutrients ; oil sands ; Populus tremuloides ; soil biota ; sulfur ; Alberta
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0315
Size	p. 53-61.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	751138-3
ISSN	0378-1127
ISSN	0378-1127
DOI	10.1016/j.foreco.2018.01.042
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Changes in microbial biomass, CH4 and CO2 emissions, and soil carbon content by fly ash co-applied with organic inputs with contrasting substrate quality under changing water regimes

Lim, Sang-Sun / Woo-Jung Choi

Soil biology & biochemistry. 2014 Jan., v. 68

2014

Abstract: Application of fine-textured and Ca-rich fly ash may be helpful in enhancing soil carbon content via protecting soil organic C (SOC) by organo-mineral complexation and via reducing CO2 emission by carbonation (e.g. formation of CaCO3). However, very ... ...

Abstract	Application of fine-textured and Ca-rich fly ash may be helpful in enhancing soil carbon content via protecting soil organic C (SOC) by organo-mineral complexation and via reducing CO2 emission by carbonation (e.g. formation of CaCO3). However, very limited information is available on the effects of fly ash application on gases loss of C and soil C content. In this study, to estimate the potential use of fly ash as a soil amendment for SOC enhancement purposes, the effects of fly ash application (0, 5, and 10 w/w %) on microbial biomass C (MBC), CH4 and CO2 emissions, and on soil C content were investigated. A 60-days incubation experiment was conducted with an acidic soil in the presence of organic input (pig manure compost, PMC; hairy vetch, HV) with contrasting substrate quality under changing water regime from water-logged to unsaturated via a transition period. Fly ash application did not affect MBC under water-unsaturated conditions, but reduced (P < 0.01) microbial growth under water-logged conditions, probably due to the increased solubility of a certain toxic element such as arsenic under the anaerobic conditions. Across the 60 days of incubation, the CO2 emission was reduced by fly ash regardless of organic input by 20.5–41.3%; meanwhile, a decline of CH4 emission by fly ash application was significant (P < 0.05) only in the HV treatment. Overall, fly ash application slowed down gases C loss and increased soil C content, probably due to the retardation of CH4 and CO2 emission as well as the addition of C contained in the fly ash. Biochemical (inhibition of microbial activity), chemical (formation of CaCO3 via carbonation), and physical (restriction of gas diffusion) mechanisms were suggested for the fly ash effects.
Keywords	acid soils ; anaerobic conditions ; arsenic ; calcium carbonate ; carbon ; carbon dioxide ; carbonation ; composts ; flooded conditions ; fly ash ; gases ; greenhouse gas emissions ; methane ; microbial biomass ; microbial growth ; pig manure ; soil amendments ; soil organic carbon ; solubility ; toxicity ; Vicia villosa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-01
Size	p. 494-502.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	280810-9
ISSN	0038-0717
ISSN	0038-0717
DOI	10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.10.027
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Weed control increases nitrogen retranslocation and growth of white spruce seedlings on a reclaimed oil sands soil

Pokharel, Prem / Woo-Jung Choi / Ghulam M. Jamro / Scott X. Chang

New forests. 2017 Sept., v. 48, no. 5

2017

Abstract: Early establishment of seedlings in reclaimed oil sand areas is often limited by low nutrient and water availability due to factors such as strong understory vegetation competition. Management practices such as nursery fertilization and field weed ... ...

Abstract	Early establishment of seedlings in reclaimed oil sand areas is often limited by low nutrient and water availability due to factors such as strong understory vegetation competition. Management practices such as nursery fertilization and field weed control could help early establishment of planted seedlings and reclamation success. We investigated the effect of nursery nutrient loading and field weed control on the growth, nitrogen (N) retranslocation within seedling components, and plant N uptake from the soil for white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) seedlings planted on a highly competitive reclaimed oil sands site for two years. Exponential fertilization during nursery production increased the root biomass but not the nutrient reserve in the seedling. In the field experiment, on average across the treatments, 78 and 49% of the total N demand of new tissue growth in the first and second year were met by N retranslocation, respectively. Though exponential fertilization did not affect N retranslocation, it increased the percent height and root collar diameter growth. Weed control increased not only the growth of seedlings by increasing soil N availability, but also N retranslocation within the seedlings in the second year after outplanting. We conclude that vegetation management by weed control is feasible in improving the early growth of white spruce seedlings planted on reclaimed soils and facilitate tree establishment in the oil sands region. Optimization of the nursery exponential N fertilization regime for white spruce may further help with early revegetation of reclaimed oil sands sites.
Keywords	Picea glauca ; biomass ; fertilizer application ; field experimentation ; land restoration ; nitrogen ; nitrogen fertilizers ; oil sands ; pollution load ; reclaimed soils ; root crown ; seedling growth ; seedlings ; trees ; understory ; vegetation ; weed control
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-09
Size	p. 699-717.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1038718-3
ISSN	0169-4286
ISSN	0169-4286
DOI	10.1007/s11056-017-9593-5
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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