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Article ; Online: Hybridisation has shaped a recent radiation of grass-feeding aphids.

Mathers, Thomas C / Wouters, Roland H M / Mugford, Sam T / Biello, Roberto / van Oosterhout, Cock / Hogenhout, Saskia A

2023 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 157

Abstract: Background: Aphids are common crop pests. These insects reproduce by facultative parthenogenesis involving several rounds of clonal reproduction interspersed with an occasional sexual cycle. Furthermore, clonal aphids give birth to live young that are ... ...

Abstract	Background: Aphids are common crop pests. These insects reproduce by facultative parthenogenesis involving several rounds of clonal reproduction interspersed with an occasional sexual cycle. Furthermore, clonal aphids give birth to live young that are already pregnant. These qualities enable rapid population growth and have facilitated the colonisation of crops globally. In several cases, so-called "super clones" have come to dominate agricultural systems. However, the extent to which the sexual stage of the aphid life cycle has shaped global pest populations has remained unclear, as have the origins of successful lineages. Here, we used chromosome-scale genome assemblies to disentangle the evolution of two global pests of cereals-the English (Sitobion avenae) and Indian (Sitobion miscanthi) grain aphids. Results: Genome-wide divergence between S. avenae and S. miscanthi is low. Moreover, comparison of haplotype-resolved assemblies revealed that the S. miscanthi isolate used for genome sequencing is likely a hybrid, with one of its diploid genome copies closely related to S. avenae (~ 0.5% divergence) and the other substantially more divergent (> 1%). Population genomics analyses of UK and China grain aphids showed that S. avenae and S. miscanthi are part of a cryptic species complex with many highly differentiated lineages that predate the origins of agriculture. The complex consists of hybrid lineages that display a tangled history of hybridisation and genetic introgression. Conclusions: Our analyses reveal that hybridisation has substantially contributed to grain aphid diversity, and hence, to the evolutionary potential of this important pest species. Furthermore, we propose that aphids are particularly well placed to exploit hybridisation events via the rapid propagation of live-born "frozen hybrids" via asexual reproduction, increasing the likelihood of hybrid lineage formation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aphids/genetics ; Poaceae ; Reproduction, Asexual ; Reproduction ; Genomics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2133020-7
ISSN	1741-7007 ; 1741-7007
ISSN (online)	1741-7007
ISSN	1741-7007
DOI	10.1186/s12915-023-01649-4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Complete Genome Sequence of "

Cho, Shu-Ting / Zwolińska, Agnieszka / Huang, Weijie / Wouters, Roland H M / Mugford, Sam T / Hogenhout, Saskia A / Kuo, Chih-Horng

Microbiology resource announcements

2020 Volume 9, Issue 35

Abstract: The complete genome sequence of " ...

Abstract	The complete genome sequence of "
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2576-098X
ISSN (online)	2576-098X
DOI	10.1128/MRA.00760-20
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Chromosome-Scale Genome Assemblies of Aphids Reveal Extensively Rearranged Autosomes and Long-Term Conservation of the X Chromosome.

Mathers, Thomas C / Wouters, Roland H M / Mugford, Sam T / Swarbreck, David / van Oosterhout, Cock / Hogenhout, Saskia A

Molecular biology and evolution

2020 Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 856–875

Abstract: Chromosome rearrangements are arguably the most dramatic type of mutations, often leading to rapid evolution and speciation. However, chromosome dynamics have only been studied at the sequence level in a small number of model systems. In insects, Diptera ...

Abstract	Chromosome rearrangements are arguably the most dramatic type of mutations, often leading to rapid evolution and speciation. However, chromosome dynamics have only been studied at the sequence level in a small number of model systems. In insects, Diptera and Lepidoptera have conserved genome structure at the scale of whole chromosomes or chromosome arms. Whether this reflects the diversity of insect genome evolution is questionable given that many species exhibit rapid karyotype evolution. Here, we investigate chromosome evolution in aphids-an important group of hemipteran plant pests-using newly generated chromosome-scale genome assemblies of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), and a previously published assembly of the corn-leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis). We find that aphid autosomes have undergone dramatic reorganization over the last 30 My, to the extent that chromosome homology cannot be determined between aphids from the tribes Macrosiphini (Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon pisum) and Aphidini (Rhopalosiphum maidis). In contrast, gene content of the aphid sex (X) chromosome remained unchanged despite rapid sequence evolution, low gene expression, and high transposable element load. To test whether rapid evolution of genome structure is a hallmark of Hemiptera, we compared our aphid assemblies with chromosome-scale assemblies of two blood-feeding Hemiptera (Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma rubrofasciata). Despite being more diverged, the blood-feeding hemipterans have conserved synteny. The exceptional rate of structural evolution of aphid autosomes renders them an important emerging model system for studying the role of large-scale genome rearrangements in evolution.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aphids/genetics ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes, Insect ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Female ; Genome, Insect ; Male ; Synteny ; X Chromosome
Chemical Substances	DNA Transposable Elements
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	998579-7
ISSN	1537-1719 ; 0737-4038
ISSN (online)	1537-1719
ISSN	0737-4038
DOI	10.1093/molbev/msaa246
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Article ; Online: Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus.

Edwards, Anne / Njaci, Isaac / Sarkar, Abhimanyu / Jiang, Zhouqian / Kaithakottil, Gemy George / Moore, Christopher / Cheema, Jitender / Stevenson, Clare E M / Rejzek, Martin / Novák, Petr / Vigouroux, Marielle / Vickers, Martin / Wouters, Roland H M / Paajanen, Pirita / Steuernagel, Burkhard / Moore, Jonathan D / Higgins, Janet / Swarbreck, David / Martens, Stefan /

Kim, Colin Y / Weng, Jing-Ke / Mundree, Sagadevan / Kilian, Benjamin / Kumar, Shiv / Loose, Matt / Yant, Levi / Macas, Jiří / Wang, Trevor L / Martin, Cathie / Emmrich, Peter M F

Nature communications

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 876

Abstract: Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a rich source of protein cultivated as an insurance crop in Ethiopia, Eritrea, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Its resilience to both drought and flooding makes it a promising crop for ensuring food security in a changing ...

Abstract	Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a rich source of protein cultivated as an insurance crop in Ethiopia, Eritrea, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Its resilience to both drought and flooding makes it a promising crop for ensuring food security in a changing climate. The lack of genetic resources and the crop's association with the disease neurolathyrism have limited the cultivation of grass pea. Here, we present an annotated, long read-based assembly of the 6.5 Gbp L. sativus genome. Using this genome sequence, we have elucidated the biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of the neurotoxin, β-L-oxalyl-2,3-diaminopropionic acid (β-L-ODAP). The final reaction of the pathway depends on an interaction between L. sativus acyl-activating enzyme 3 (LsAAE3) and a BAHD-acyltransferase (LsBOS) that form a metabolon activated by CoA to produce β-L-ODAP. This provides valuable insight into the best approaches for developing varieties which produce substantially less toxin.
MeSH term(s)	Lathyrus/genetics ; Lathyrus/metabolism ; Amino Acids, Diamino/metabolism ; Neurotoxins/metabolism ; Genomics
Chemical Substances	oxalyldiaminopropionic acid (1TG777QI25) ; Amino Acids, Diamino ; Neurotoxins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-36503-2
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Article ; Online: Author Correction: Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus.

Kim, Colin Y / Weng, Jing-Ke / Mundree, Sagadevan / Kilian, Benjamin / Kumar, Shiv / Loose, Matt / Yant, Levi / Macas, Jiří / Wang, Trevor L / Martin, Cathie / Emmrich, Peter M F

Nature communications

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 5199

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-40984-6
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Article ; Online: Divergent Evolution of PcF/SCR74 Effectors in Oomycetes Is Associated with Distinct Recognition Patterns in Solanaceous Plants.

Lin, Xiao / Wang, Shumei / de Rond, Laura / Bertolin, Nicoletta / Wouters, Roland H M / Wouters, Doret / Domazakis, Emmanouil / Bitew, Mulusew Kassa / Win, Joe / Dong, Suomeng / Visser, Richard G F / Birch, Paul / Kamoun, Sophien / Vleeshouwers, Vivianne G A A

mBio

2020 Volume 11, Issue 3

Abstract: Plants deploy cell surface receptors known as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize non-self molecules from pathogens and microbes to defend against invaders. PRRs typically recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are ... ...

Abstract	Plants deploy cell surface receptors known as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize non-self molecules from pathogens and microbes to defend against invaders. PRRs typically recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are usually widely conserved, some even across kingdoms. Here, we report an oomycete-specific family of small secreted cysteine-rich (SCR) proteins that displays divergent patterns of sequence variation in the Irish potato famine pathogen
MeSH term(s)	Disease Resistance ; Evolution, Molecular ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Phylogeny ; Phytophthora infestans/genetics ; Phytophthora infestans/pathogenicity ; Plant Diseases/genetics ; Plant Diseases/immunology ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/immunology ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/genetics ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology ; Solanum tuberosum/genetics ; Solanum tuberosum/immunology
Chemical Substances	Pcf protein, Phytophthora cactorum ; Plant Proteins ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2557172-2
ISSN	2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
ISSN (online)	2150-7511
ISSN	2161-2129
DOI	10.1128/mBio.00947-20
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Article ; Online: Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus

Edwards, Anne / Njaci, Isaac / Sarkar, Abhimanyu / Jiang, Zhouqian / Kaithakottil, Gemy George / Moore, Christopher / Cheema, Jitender / Stevenson, Clare E.M. / Rejzek, Martin / Novák, Petr / Vigouroux, Marielle / Vickers, Martin / Wouters, Roland H.M. / Paajanen, Pirita / Steuernagel, Burkhard / Moore, Jonathan D. / Higgins, Janet / Swarbreck, David / Martens, Stefan /

Kim, Colin Y. / Weng, Jing-Ke / Mundree, Sagadevan / Kilian, Benjamin / Kumar, Shiv / Loose, Matt / Yant, Levi / Macas, Jiří / Wang, Trevor L. / Martin, Cathie / Emmrich, Peter M.F.

Nature Communications

2023

Abstract: Grass pea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) is a rich source of protein cultivated as an insurance crop in Ethiopia, Eritrea, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Its resilience to both drought and flooding makes it a promising crop for ensuring food security in a ... ...

Abstract	Grass pea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) is a rich source of protein cultivated as an insurance crop in Ethiopia, Eritrea, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Its resilience to both drought and flooding makes it a promising crop for ensuring food security in a changing climate. The lack of genetic resources and the crop’s association with the disease neurolathyrism have limited the cultivation of grass pea. Here, we present an annotated, long read-based assembly of the 6.5 Gbp L. sativus genome. Using this genome sequence, we have elucidated the biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of the neurotoxin, β-L-oxalyl-2,3-diaminopropionic acid (β-L-ODAP). The final reaction of the pathway depends on an interaction between L. sativus acyl-activating enzyme 3 (LsAAE3) and a BAHD-acyltransferase (LsBOS) that form a metabolon activated by CoA to produce β-L-ODAP. This provides valuable insight into the best approaches for developing varieties which produce substantially less toxin.
Keywords	genomics ; biosynthesis ; lathyrus
Publishing date	2023-03-10T14:38:58Z
Publisher	Springer
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Divergent Evolution of PcF/SCR74 Effectors in Oomycetes Is Associated with Distinct Recognition Patterns in Solanaceous Plants

mBio (Online)

Abstract	Plants deploy cell surface receptors known as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize non-self molecules from pathogens and microbes to defend against invaders. PRRs typically recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are usually widely conserved, some even across kingdoms. Here, we report an oomycete-specific family of small secreted cysteine-rich (SCR) proteins that displays divergent patterns of sequence variation in the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans A subclass that includes the conserved effector PcF from Phytophthora cactorum activates immunity in a wide range of plant species. In contrast, the more diverse SCR74 subclass is specific to P. infestans and tends to trigger immune responses only in a limited number of wild potato genotypes. The SCR74 response was recently mapped to a G-type lectin receptor kinase (G-LecRK) locus in the wild potato Solanum microdontum subsp. gigantophyllum. The G-LecRK locus displays a high diversity in Solanum host species compared to other solanaceous plants. We propose that the diversification of the SCR74 proteins in P. infestans is driven by a fast coevolutionary arms race with cell surface immune receptors in wild potato, which contrasts the presumed slower dynamics between conserved apoplastic effectors and PRRs. Understanding the molecular determinants of plant immune responses to these divergent molecular patterns in oomycetes is expected to contribute to deploying multiple layers of disease resistance in crop plants.IMPORTANCE Immune receptors at the plant cell surface can recognize invading microbes. The perceived microbial molecules are typically widely conserved and therefore the matching surface receptors can detect a broad spectrum of pathogens. Here we describe a family of Phytophthora small extracellular proteins that consists of conserved subfamilies that are widely recognized by solanaceous plants. Remarkably, one subclass of SCR74 proteins is highly diverse, restricted to the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans and is specifically detected in wild potato plants. The diversification of this subfamily exhibits signatures of a coevolutionary arms race with surface receptors in potato. Insights into the molecular interaction between these potato-specific receptors and the recognized Phytophthora proteins are expected to contribute to disease resistance breeding in potato.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #32605983
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Divergent evolution of pcf/scr74 effectors in oomycetes is associated with distinct recognition patterns in solanaceous plants

Lin, Xiao / Wang, Shumei / de Rond, Laura / Bertolin, Nicoletta / Wouters, Roland H.M. / Wouters, Doret / Domazakis, Emmanouil / Bitew, Mulusew Kassa / Win, Joe / Dong, Suomeng / Visser, Richard G.F. / Birch, Paul / Kamoun, Sophien / Vleeshouwers, Vivianne G.A.A.

mBio

2020 Volume 11, Issue 3

Abstract: Plants deploy cell surface receptors known as pattern-recognition re ceptors (PRRs) that recognize non-self molecules from pathogens and microbes to defend against invaders. PRRs typically recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are ... ...

Abstract	Plants deploy cell surface receptors known as pattern-recognition re ceptors (PRRs) that recognize non-self molecules from pathogens and microbes to defend against invaders. PRRs typically recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are usually widely conserved, some even across kingdoms. Here, we report an oomycete-specific family of small secreted cysteine-rich (SCR) proteins that displays divergent patterns of sequence variation in the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans. A subclass that includes the conserved effector PcF from Phytophthora cactorum activates immunity in a wide range of plant species. In contrast, the more diverse SCR74 subclass is specific to P. infestans and tends to trigger immune responses only in a limited number of wild potato genotypes. The SCR74 response was recently mapped to a G-type lectin receptor kinase (GLecRK) locus in the wild potato Solanum microdontum subsp. gigantophyllum. The G-LecRK locus displays a high diversity in Solanum host species compared to other solanaceous plants. We propose that the diversification of the SCR74 proteins in P. infestans is driven by a fast coevolutionary arms race with cell surface immune receptors in wild potato, which contrasts the presumed slower dynamics between conserved apoplastic effectors and PRRs. Understanding the molecular determinants of plant immune responses to these divergent molecular patterns in oomycetes is expected to contribute to deploying multiple layers of disease resistance in crop plants. IMPORTANCE Immune receptors at the plant cell surface can recognize invading microbes. The perceived microbial molecules are typically widely conserved and therefore the matching surface receptors can detect a broad spectrum of pathogens. Here we describe a family of Phytophthora small extracellular proteins that consists of conserved subfamilies that are widely recognized by solanaceous plants. Remarkably, one subclass of SCR74 proteins is highly diverse, restricted to the late blight pathogen ...
Keywords	Apoplastic effector ; MAMP ; Phytophthora infestans ; Potato late blight ; Surface immune receptor
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2557172-2
ISSN	2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
ISSN (online)	2150-7511
ISSN	2161-2129
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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