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  1. Article ; Online: Study of ischemic progression in different intestinal tissue layers during acute intestinal ischemia using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

    Tian, Yu / Zhang, Mingshuo / Man, Hongbo / Wu, Chunnan / Wang, Yimin / Kong, Linghui / Liu, Jian

    Journal of biophotonics

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) e202300382

    Abstract: In acute intestinal ischemia, the progression of ischemia varies across different layers of intestinal tissue. We established a mouse model and used swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe the intestinal ischemic process longitudinally ...

    Abstract In acute intestinal ischemia, the progression of ischemia varies across different layers of intestinal tissue. We established a mouse model and used swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe the intestinal ischemic process longitudinally in different tissue layers. Employing a method that combines asymmetric gradient filtering with adaptive weighting, we eliminated the vessel trailing phenomenon in OCT angiograms, reducing the confounding effects of superficial vessels on the imaging of deeper vasculature. We quantitatively assessed changes in vascular perfusion density (VPD), vessel length, and vessel average diameter across various intestinal layers. Our results showed a significant reduction in VPD in all layers during ischemia. The mucosa layer experienced the most significant impact, primarily due to disrupted capillary blood flow, followed by the submucosa layer, where vascular constriction or decreased velocity was the primary factor.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Angiography/methods ; Capillaries ; Intestines/diagnostic imaging ; Ischemia/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2390063-5
    ISSN 1864-0648 ; 1864-063X
    ISSN (online) 1864-0648
    ISSN 1864-063X
    DOI 10.1002/jbio.202300382
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  2. Article ; Online: The effect of reduction on the properties of the regioselectively oxidized starch granules prepared by bromide-free oxidation system.

    Wu, Yu-Hsuan / Wu, Chun-Nan / Lai, Hsi-Mei

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2022  Volume 201, Page(s) 411–423

    Abstract: Development of intact oxidized starch granules by regioselective oxidation technology is of interest and provides a new research direction for oxidized starch. In this study, new sodium tetrahydridoborate ( ... ...

    Abstract Development of intact oxidized starch granules by regioselective oxidation technology is of interest and provides a new research direction for oxidized starch. In this study, new sodium tetrahydridoborate (NaBH
    MeSH term(s) Bromides ; Cyclic N-Oxides ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Starch ; Viscosity
    Chemical Substances Bromides ; Cyclic N-Oxides ; Starch (9005-25-8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.183
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  3. Article ; Online: Biocompatible and antibacterial poly(lactic acid)/cellulose nanofiber‑silver nanoparticle biocomposites prepared via Pickering emulsion method.

    Wu, Chun-Nan / Wang, Te-En / Hsieh, Chen-Che / Cheng, Kuan-Chen / Wu, Kevin C-W

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2023  Volume 253, Issue Pt 8, Page(s) 127495

    Abstract: Developing biocompatible and antibacterial materials with biodegradable polymers is an ideal strategy to improve public health problems and plastic pollution simultaneously. In the present study, novel biocompatible and antibacterial poly ( ...

    Abstract Developing biocompatible and antibacterial materials with biodegradable polymers is an ideal strategy to improve public health problems and plastic pollution simultaneously. In the present study, novel biocompatible and antibacterial poly (
    MeSH term(s) Cellulose ; Nanofibers ; Emulsions ; Escherichia coli ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Silver ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Cellulose (9004-34-6) ; poly(lactide) (459TN2L5F5) ; Emulsions ; Silver (3M4G523W1G) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127495
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  4. Article: Structures, molar mass distributions, and morphologies of TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose fibrils

    Ono, Yuko / Takeuchi, Miyuki / Kimura, Satoshi / Puangsin, Buapan / Wu, Chun-Nan / Isogai, Akira

    Cellulose. 2022 June, v. 29, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation has been applied to bacterial cellulose (BC). The TEMPO-oxidized BC (TO-BC) gel particles were subjected to ultrasonication in water to prepare mechanically fibrillated TO-BC (TO-BC- ... ...

    Abstract 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation has been applied to bacterial cellulose (BC). The TEMPO-oxidized BC (TO-BC) gel particles were subjected to ultrasonication in water to prepare mechanically fibrillated TO-BC (TO-BC-U) samples. The carboxy contents of the TO-BC samples were 1.5‒1.6 mmol/g. X-ray diffraction patterns and solid-state ¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the BC, TO-BC, and TO-BC-U samples showed that cellulose Iα was the dominant crystalline structure. The crystallinities of the samples calculated from the carbon signal areas in the NMR spectra were approximately the same between the BC and TO-BC samples, showing that TEMPO-mediated oxidation selectively occurred on the crystalline BC fibril surfaces. However, the crystallinities of the TO-BC-U samples were lower than those of the BC and TO-BC samples, indicating that ultrasonication of the TO-BC samples in water caused partial decreases in crystallinity. The TO-BC-U samples contained both single fibrils and fibril bundles; completely individualized TO-BC-U fibrils with homogeneous widths was not obtained. The average widths of the single TO-BC-U fibrils were ~ 3 nm, which are close to those of TO-cellulose nanofibrils prepared from wood-cellulose samples. Thus, the crystalline BC fibrils with widths of ~ 3 nm were the smallest crystalline elements. The lengths of the TO-BC samples were greater than 2‒3 µm, whereas the weight-average cellulose chain lengths of the cellulose/TEMPO-oxidized cellulose molecules in TO-BC-U samples were < 800 nm. Hence, each TO-BC-U fibril consisted of multiple cellulose and oxidized cellulose molecules, which were packed along the longitudinal direction.
    Keywords X-ray diffraction ; carbon ; cellulose ; cellulose fibrils ; crystal structure ; gels ; magnetism ; molecular weight ; nanofibers ; oxidation ; ultrasonic treatment
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-06
    Size p. 4977-4992.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1496831-9
    ISSN 1572-882X ; 0969-0239
    ISSN (online) 1572-882X
    ISSN 0969-0239
    DOI 10.1007/s10570-022-04617-3
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  5. Article: The effect of reduction on the properties of the regioselectively oxidized starch granules prepared by bromide-free oxidation system

    Wu, Yu-Hsuan / Wu, Chun-Nan / Lai, Hsi-Mei

    International journal of biological macromolecules. 2022 Mar. 15, v. 201

    2022  

    Abstract: Development of intact oxidized starch granules by regioselective oxidation technology is of interest and provides a new research direction for oxidized starch. In this study, new sodium tetrahydridoborate (NaBH₄)-treated oxidized starch (OS-BH₄) granules ...

    Abstract Development of intact oxidized starch granules by regioselective oxidation technology is of interest and provides a new research direction for oxidized starch. In this study, new sodium tetrahydridoborate (NaBH₄)-treated oxidized starch (OS-BH₄) granules were prepared by a one-pot method, where native corn starch (NS) granules were oxidized by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)/sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) system followed by reduction with NaBH₄. Oxidized starch (OS) granules without NaBH₄ reduction were also prepared to investigate the effect of C6 aldehyde groups remained after TEMPO-mediated oxidation on properties of the granules. When degrees of oxidation were controlled to be not higher than 12%, both the OS and OS-BH₄ granules had similar morphology to the NS granules with envelopes. Compared to the OS granules, except for lower pasting temperatures and dextrose equivalents, the OS-BH₄ granules had higher molecular weights, degrees of polymerization (DP), peak viscosities, final viscosities, and swelling power. Difference of the properties was considered related to (1) repulsive forces formed between the C6 carboxylate groups, (2) C6 aldehyde groups with lower hydrophilicity than the C6 hydroxyl groups, and (3) some hemiacetal linkages formed between the C6 aldehyde groups and the hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, pregelatinized OS-BH₄ granules were preliminarily prepared, which showed good swelling behavior with intact granular morphology in alkaline environment.
    Keywords aldehydes ; corn starch ; glucose ; hydrophilicity ; oxidation ; polymerization ; regioselectivity ; sodium
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0315
    Size p. 411-423.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.183
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  6. Article ; Online: Novel pH-responsive granules with tunable volumes from oxidized corn starches.

    Wu, Chun-Nan / Lai, Hsi-Mei

    Carbohydrate polymers

    2018  Volume 208, Page(s) 201–212

    Abstract: Novel pH-responsive granules with tunable volume from oxidized starch granules were prepared from waxy and normal corn starches using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and pregelatinization. Conditions of both ... ...

    Abstract Novel pH-responsive granules with tunable volume from oxidized starch granules were prepared from waxy and normal corn starches using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and pregelatinization. Conditions of both oxidation and pregelatinization were designed on the basis of maintaining intact granules' morphology. Carboxylate groups at C6 in anhydroglucose of the oxidized starch acting as pH-responsivity controllers were introduced to by TEMPO/NaClO/NaClO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1501516-6
    ISSN 1879-1344 ; 0144-8617
    ISSN (online) 1879-1344
    ISSN 0144-8617
    DOI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.058
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  7. Article: Novel pH-responsive granules with tunable volumes from oxidized corn starches

    Wu, Chun-Nan / Hsi-Mei Lai

    Carbohydrate polymers. 2019 Mar. 15, v. 208

    2019  

    Abstract: Novel pH-responsive granules with tunable volume from oxidized starch granules were prepared from waxy and normal corn starches using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and pregelatinization. Conditions of both ... ...

    Abstract Novel pH-responsive granules with tunable volume from oxidized starch granules were prepared from waxy and normal corn starches using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and pregelatinization. Conditions of both oxidation and pregelatinization were designed on the basis of maintaining intact granules’ morphology. Carboxylate groups at C6 in anhydroglucose of the oxidized starch acting as pH-responsivity controllers were introduced to by TEMPO/NaClO/NaClO2 system at pH 6.8 to achieve degrees of oxidation of 9–10%. Formation of the carboxylate groups was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The TEMPO-oxidized waxy and normal corn starch granules (TWSG and TNSG) were pregelatinized at 65 °C for 5 and 16 min, respectively, to provide desirable swelling capacity of granules. The anionic pregelatinized TWSG and TNSG show swelling ratios of 15.6 and 11.7 at pH 2 and 31.6 and 25.0 at pH 7, respectively, exhibiting good pH-responsivity and potentials for active compounds delivery applications.
    Keywords active ingredients ; controllers ; corn starch ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; granules ; oxidation ; pH ; starch granules ; swelling (materials) ; thermogravimetry
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0315
    Size p. 201-212.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1501516-6
    ISSN 1879-1344 ; 0144-8617
    ISSN (online) 1879-1344
    ISSN 0144-8617
    DOI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.058
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  8. Article: Observation of the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Potential Effect of Promoting Hair Growth Treated with Chinese Herbal BeauTop.

    Lee, Chien-Ying / Su, Chun-Hung / Chiang, Chien-Ying / Wu, Chun-Nan / Kuan, Yu-Hsiang

    Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

    2021  Volume 2021, Page(s) 6667011

    Abstract: Despite minoxidil and finasteride already being approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hair loss, it is important to identify new and innovative treatments for hair loss, such as looking for a solution in Chinese herbal ... ...

    Abstract Despite minoxidil and finasteride already being approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hair loss, it is important to identify new and innovative treatments for hair loss, such as looking for a solution in Chinese herbal medicine. One such treatment to consider is BeauTop (BT), whose primary ingredients include
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2171158-6
    ISSN 1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
    ISSN (online) 1741-4288
    ISSN 1741-427X
    DOI 10.1155/2021/6667011
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  9. Article ; Online: MR imaging features of orbital Langerhans cell Histiocytosis.

    Wu, Chunnan / Li, Kuncheng / Hei, Yan / Lan, Pengyu / Mu, Xuetao

    BMC ophthalmology

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 263

    Abstract: Background: To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of orbital Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) to improve diagnostic accuracy.: Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical manifestations and MRI findings of 23 patients with ...

    Abstract Background: To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of orbital Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) to improve diagnostic accuracy.
    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical manifestations and MRI findings of 23 patients with histopathology-confirmed LCH of the orbit. The findings were evaluated for the following: (a) symptoms, (b) disease duration, (c) location, (d) configuration, (e) margin, (f) MR imaging signal intensity and enhanced performance.
    Results: Eighteen patients (78%) in our series were male, only five (22%) patients were female, and the mean age at presentation was 6.3 years. The common symptoms include swollen eyelids, exophthalmos, and a palpable mass. Fourteen patients presented with swollen eyelids and/or exophthalmos. Twenty-two cases involved unilateral orbits, and one case involved bilateral orbits. In our study, there was one patient with cough and expectoration, and one patient with polydipsia and polyuria. Lesions were located in the superior or superlateral orbital roof of seventeen patients (74%). Lesions formed masses or irregular shapes. The 12 out of 23 (52.2%) cases appeared heterogeneous isointense and 10 out of 23 (43.5%) cases showed iso-hypointense on T1-weighted imaging, there were 15 out of 23 (65.2%) cases showed hyper-hypointense mixed signals on T2-weighted imaging. 7 cases found patchy hyperintense signal on T1WI, and 11 cases showed markedly hyperintense signal near the edge of lesions on T2WI. After enhancement, 21 out of 23 (91.3%) cases lesions presented marked enhancement at the edges and the surrounding tissues, and with heterogeneous obvious enhancement of the lesion center. Besides, four cases lesions were surrounded by a low circular signal.
    Conclusion: There were several characteristics MRI features that can provide crucial information for clinicians and improve our understanding and the diagnostic accuracy of the orbital LCH.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Contrast Media ; Edema/diagnostic imaging ; Exophthalmos/diagnostic imaging ; Eyelid Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Orbital Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Contrast Media
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050436-6
    ISSN 1471-2415 ; 1471-2415
    ISSN (online) 1471-2415
    ISSN 1471-2415
    DOI 10.1186/s12886-019-1269-9
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  10. Article: Strong, thermal-stable, flexible, and transparent films by self-assembled TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose nanofibers

    Wu, Chun-Nan / Kuan-Chen Cheng

    Cellulose. 2017 Jan., v. 24, no. 1

    2017  

    Abstract: Research on bacterial cellulose (BC), an all-purpose biomaterial widely used in various applications, often focuses on the pellicle type. To apply BC to flexible devices such as solar cells and displays, flowability is necessary for manufacturing ... ...

    Abstract Research on bacterial cellulose (BC), an all-purpose biomaterial widely used in various applications, often focuses on the pellicle type. To apply BC to flexible devices such as solar cells and displays, flowability is necessary for manufacturing processes. Fabrication of a BC fiber (BCF) suspension by treating BC pellicles in water using a homogenizer is a fast and easy pathway. However, it is difficult for BCF suspensions to form a transparent film that has sufficient strength that would arise from the BC nanofibers bound by hydrogen bonds. To solve the problem, the BCF suspension was treated by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation followed by mild mechanical treatment. The individual TEMPO-oxidized BC nanofibers (TOBCNs) with a C6-carboxylate group content of 1.1 mmol g⁻¹ cellulose were successfully dispersed in water. The TOBCN maintained the high crystallinity of the original BC pellicle (BCP) and had two classes of fiber width: 30–60 and 4–10 nm. Interestingly, the TOBCN dispersion exhibited much more concentrated, wide and lengthy birefringence than the TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers prepared from wood cellulose, implying their different roles in liquid crystal applications. The TOBCN film prepared by cast-drying the TOBCN dispersion was flexible and transparent, showing a high Young’s modulus of 9 GPa, a high tensile strength of 163 MPa and a considerably low coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.2 ppm K⁻¹. In addition, to discuss the effect of TEMPO-mediated oxidation on material properties, the following films were also prepared: TOBCN film with carboxylate group content of 0.7 mmol g⁻¹ cellulose, heat-dried BCP and BCF films without oxidation. With development of mass production of BC, the TOBCN and TOBCN-based nanomaterials are promising for flexible devices, such as substrates of solar cells and displays, in the future.
    Keywords cellulose ; cellulose microfibrils ; crystal structure ; hydrogen bonding ; liquid crystals ; modulus of elasticity ; nanofibers ; oxidation ; photovoltaic cells ; tensile strength ; thermal expansion ; wood
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-01
    Size p. 269-283.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1496831-9
    ISSN 1572-882X ; 0969-0239
    ISSN (online) 1572-882X
    ISSN 0969-0239
    DOI 10.1007/s10570-016-1114-8
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