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Article: Gut Probiotics and Health of Dogs and Cats: Benefits, Applications, and Underlying Mechanisms.

Yang, Qing / Wu, Zhenlong

2023 Volume 11, Issue 10

Abstract: Pets (mostly domestic dogs and cats) play an important role in the daily lives of humans and their health has attracted growing attention from pet owners. The intestinal microbiota, a complex microbial community with barrier-protective, nutritional, ... ...

Abstract	Pets (mostly domestic dogs and cats) play an important role in the daily lives of humans and their health has attracted growing attention from pet owners. The intestinal microbiota, a complex microbial community with barrier-protective, nutritional, metabolic, and immunological functions, is integral to host health. Dysbiosis has been related to a variety of diseases in humans and animals. Probiotics have been used in functional foods and dietary supplements to modulate intestinal microbiota and promote host health, which has been introduced in pet dogs and cats in recent years. Various canine- and feline-derived probiotic strains have been isolated and characterized. The administration of probiotics has shown positive effects on the gut health and can alleviate some intestinal diseases and disorders in dogs and cats, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unresolved. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the benefits of probiotics and discuss their possible mechanisms in dogs and cats in order to provide new insights for the further development and application of probiotics in pets.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms11102452
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Drop "impact" on an airfoil surface.

Wu, Zhenlong

Advances in colloid and interface science

2018 Volume 256, Page(s) 23–47

Abstract: Drop impact on an airfoil surface takes place in drop-laden two-phase flow conditions such as rain and icing, which are encountered by wind turbines or airplanes. This phenomenon is characterized by complex nonlinear interactions that manifest rich flow ... ...

Abstract	Drop impact on an airfoil surface takes place in drop-laden two-phase flow conditions such as rain and icing, which are encountered by wind turbines or airplanes. This phenomenon is characterized by complex nonlinear interactions that manifest rich flow physics and pose unique modeling challenges. In this article, the state of the art of the research about drop impact on airfoil surface in the natural drop-laden two-phase flow environment is presented. The potential flow physics, hazards, characteristic parameters, droplet trajectory calculation, drop impact dynamics and effects are discussed. The most key points in establishing the governing equations for a drop-laden flow lie in the modeling of raindrop splash and water film. The various factors affecting the drop impact dynamics and the effects of drop impact on airfoil aerodynamic performance are summarized. Finally, the principle challenges and future research directions in the field as well as some promising measures to deal with the adverse effects of drop-laden flows on airfoil performance are proposed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	210507-x
ISSN	1873-3727 ; 0001-8686
ISSN (online)	1873-3727
ISSN	0001-8686
DOI	10.1016/j.cis.2018.05.005
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Zs.A 2716: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Removal of leftover feed shapes environmental microbiota and limits houseflies-mediated dispersion of pathogenic bacteria in sow breeding farms.

Li, Yunke / Chen, Yinfeng / Chen, Zhaohui / Yang, Ying / Wu, Zhenlong

Animal microbiome

2024 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 10

Abstract: Background: Intensive swine breeding industry generates a complex environment where several microbial interactions occur and which constitutes a challenge for biosafety. Ad libitum feeding strategies and low levels of management contribute to residual ... ...

Abstract	Background: Intensive swine breeding industry generates a complex environment where several microbial interactions occur and which constitutes a challenge for biosafety. Ad libitum feeding strategies and low levels of management contribute to residual and wasted feed for lactating sows, which provides a source of nutrients and microbial source for houseflies in warm climates. Due to the absence of the all-in/all-out system, the coexistence of sows of two production stages including gestating and lactating sows in the farrowing barn may have potential negative impacts. In this research, we evaluated the effects of lactating sow leftover on the environmental microbiota of the farrowing barn and the contribution of microbial environments to the gestating sow fecal bacterial structure with a 30-day-long treatment of timely removing lactating residual feed. Results: Houseflies in the farrowing barn mediate the transmission of microorganisms from lactating sow leftover to multiple regions. Leuconostoc, Weissella, Lactobacillus and Pediococcus from the leftover which can produce exopolysaccharides, are more capable of environmental transmission than pathogenic microorganisms including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus and utilize houseflies to achieve spread in environmental regions of the farrowing barn. Leftover removal treatment blocked the microbial transmission chain mediated by houseflies, downregulated the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus among houseflies, environmental regions and fecal bacteria of gestating sows in the farrowing barn and effectively attenuate the increment of Weissella and RF39 relative abundance in gestating sow feces due to the presence of lactating sows. Conclusions: Lactating sow leftover is a non-negligible microbial contributor of environment in farrowing barn whose transmission is mediated by houseflies. A 30-day-long treatment of removing lactating sow residual feed cause significant changes in the microbial structure of multiple environmental regions within the farrowing barn via altering the microbiota carried by houseflies. Meanwhile, lactating sow leftover affect the fecal microbial structure of gestating sows in the same farrowing barn, while removal of lactating sow leftover alleviates the contribution of microbial transmission.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2524-4671
ISSN (online)	2524-4671
DOI	10.1186/s42523-024-00296-6
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Article: Editorial: Amino acids in intestinal growth and health.

Ji, Yun / Hou, Yongqing / Blachier, François / Wu, Zhenlong

Frontiers in nutrition

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1172548

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2776676-7
ISSN	2296-861X
ISSN	2296-861X
DOI	10.3389/fnut.2023.1172548
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Article ; Online: Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates innate inflammatory response induced by

Ji, Yun / Sun, Kaiji / Yang, Ying / Wu, Zhenlong

Journal of pharmaceutical analysis

2023 Volume 13, Issue 10, Page(s) 1183–1194

Abstract: Muramidase-released protein (MRP) is now being recognized as a critical indicator of the virulence and pathogenicity ... ...

Abstract	Muramidase-released protein (MRP) is now being recognized as a critical indicator of the virulence and pathogenicity of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-31
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2630174-X
ISSN	2214-0883 ; 2095-1779
ISSN (online)	2214-0883
ISSN	2095-1779
DOI	10.1016/j.jpha.2023.05.013
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Article ; Online: Programming of metabolic and autoimmune diseases in canine and feline: linkage to the gut microbiome.

Ji, Yun / Yang, Ying / Wu, Zhenlong

Microbial pathogenesis

2023 Volume 185, Page(s) 106436

Abstract: Metabolic and autoimmune disorders have long represented challenging health problems because of their growing prevalence in companion animals. The gut microbiome, made up of trillions of microorganisms, is implicated in multiple physiological and ... ...

Abstract	Metabolic and autoimmune disorders have long represented challenging health problems because of their growing prevalence in companion animals. The gut microbiome, made up of trillions of microorganisms, is implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Similar to human beings, the complicated microbiome harbored in the gut of canines and felines emerges as a key factor determining a wide range of normal and disease conditions. Evidence accumulated from recent findings on canine and feline research uncovered that the gut microbiome is actively involved in host metabolism and immunity. Notably, the composition, abundance, activity, and metabolites of the gut microbiome are all elements that shape clinical outcomes concerning metabolism and immune function. This review highlights the implications of the gut microbiome for metabolic disorders (obesity, diabetes, and hepatic lipidosis) and autoimmune diseases (inflammatory bowel disease, osteoarthritis, asthma, and myasthenia gravis) in canine and feline animals, providing novel strategies and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of pet diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Cats ; Animals ; Dogs ; Humans ; Cat Diseases ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Dog Diseases ; Autoimmune Diseases/veterinary ; Diabetes Mellitus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	632772-2
ISSN	1096-1208 ; 0882-4010
ISSN (online)	1096-1208
ISSN	0882-4010
DOI	10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106436
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Zs.A 2136: Show issues

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bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Heat Stress-Induced Intestinal Barrier Impairment: Current Insights into the Aspects of Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Tang, Zhining / Yang, Ying / Wu, Zhenlong / Ji, Yun

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry

2023 Volume 71, Issue 14, Page(s) 5438–5449

Abstract: Heat stress (HS) occurs when the sensible temperature of animals exceeds their thermoregulatory capacity, a condition that exerts a detrimental impact on health and growth. The intestinal tract, as a highly sensitive organ, has been shown to respond to ... ...

Abstract	Heat stress (HS) occurs when the sensible temperature of animals exceeds their thermoregulatory capacity, a condition that exerts a detrimental impact on health and growth. The intestinal tract, as a highly sensitive organ, has been shown to respond to HS by exhibiting mucosal injury, intestinal leakage, and disturbances in the gut microbiota. Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are both potential outcomes of long-term exposure to high temperatures and have been linked to apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. In addition, HS alters the composition of the gut microbiota accompanied by changed levels of bacterial components and metabolites, rendering the gut more vulnerable to stress-related injury. In this review, we present recent advances in mechanisms of oxidative stress-associated ERS in response to HS, which is destructive to intestinal barrier integrity. The involvement of autophagy and ferroptosis in ERS was highlighted. Further, we summarize the relevant findings regarding the engagement of gut microbiota-derived components and metabolites in modulation of intestinal mucosal injury induced by HS.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Heat-Shock Response ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	241619-0
ISSN	1520-5118 ; 0021-8561
ISSN (online)	1520-5118
ISSN	0021-8561
DOI	10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00798
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Zs.A 1172: Show issues

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Article: Rotor power performance and flow physics in lateral sinusoidal gusts

Wu, Zhenlong

Energy. 2019 June 01, v. 176

2019

Abstract: Gust is a common atmospheric condition encountered by wind turbines. Despite the presence of a vast amount of literature on this topic, few of them involve lateral gust influence. Due to this motivation, this paper studies the influence of sinusoidal ... ...

Abstract	Gust is a common atmospheric condition encountered by wind turbines. Despite the presence of a vast amount of literature on this topic, few of them involve lateral gust influence. Due to this motivation, this paper studies the influence of sinusoidal gusts on a three-bladed VAWT power performance and tries to reveal the flowfield physics of the interaction between the rotor and the gusts. The chimera mesh technique was used to model the real rotation of the rotor and the resolved gust approach (RGA) model in the TAU code developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) for the gust simulations. Both the general aerodynamic model and the gust model were validated before the formal calculations. Various influencing factors were considered and their influences on the rotor power performance and flowfield characteristics were analyzed comprehensively. The findings in this study may be helpful for practical applications in wind engineering, such as blade design, atmospheric influence evaluation, field site selection and energy harvest.
Keywords	aerodynamics ; models ; motivation ; wind ; wind turbines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0601
Size	p. 917-928.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2019804-8
ISSN	0360-5442 ; 0360-5442
ISSN (online)	0360-5442
ISSN	0360-5442
DOI	10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.067
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Benzo[a]pyrene induces epithelial tight junction disruption and apoptosis via inhibiting the initiation of autophagy in intestinal porcine epithelial cells.

Li, Jun / Bai, Jun / Si, Xuemeng / Jia, Hai / Wu, Zhenlong

Chemico-biological interactions

2023 Volume 374, Page(s) 110386

Abstract: Ingestion of food contaminated with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) poses health risks to animals and humans. However, the toxicity of B[a]P exposure on the intestinal barrier function and underlying mechanisms remain obscure. In the present study, intestinal ... ...

Abstract	Ingestion of food contaminated with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) poses health risks to animals and humans. However, the toxicity of B[a]P exposure on the intestinal barrier function and underlying mechanisms remain obscure. In the present study, intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-1) were challenged with different doses of B[a]P and its deleterious effects were determined. We found that B[a]P exposure led to impaired intestinal tight junction function as evidenced by reduced transepithelial electric resistance, increased permeability, and downregulated intestinal tight junction protein levels. Further study demonstrated that B[a]P treatment induced cell cycle arrest, and resulted in oxidative damage-related apoptosis in IPEC-1 cells. Intriguingly, we observed an inhibition of autophagy and an activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) in B[a]P-challenged cells, when compared with controls. To investigate the role of autophagy on B[a]P-induced epithelial tight junction disruption and apoptosis, cells were cotreated with B[a]P and rapamycin, and rapamycin dramatically improved intestinal tight junction and reduced apoptosis, indicating a protective effect of autophagy for the cells in response to B[a]P treatment. We also explored the role of UPR in B[a]P-induced cellular damage by using 4-phenylbutyric acid, an antagonist of UPR. Interestingly, B[a]P-induced apoptosis and dysfunction of the intestinal tight junction were exacerbated by 4-phenylbutyric acid, and the 4-phenylbutyric acid didn't ameliorate the inhibitory effects of B[a]P on microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3-II) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) in IPEC-1 cells. These novel findings provided herein indicated that B[a]P induces intestinal epithelial tight junction disruption and apoptotic cell death via inhibiting autophagy in IPEC-1 cells.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Benzo(a)pyrene/toxicity ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; Swine ; Tight Junctions
Chemical Substances	4-phenylbutyric acid (7WY7YBI87E) ; Benzo(a)pyrene (3417WMA06D) ; Sirolimus (W36ZG6FT64)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-07
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218799-1
ISSN	1872-7786 ; 0009-2797
ISSN (online)	1872-7786
ISSN	0009-2797
DOI	10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110386
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Zs.A 686: Show issues

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bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article: L-Tryptophan Differentially Regulated Glucose and Amino Acid Transporters in the Small Intestine of Rat Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide.

Wang, Bin / Jiang, Lili / Wu, Zhenlong / Dai, Zhaolai

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2022 Volume 12, Issue 21

Abstract: Tryptophan (Trp) has been shown to improve the growth and gut function of weaned piglets. Whether the growth-promoting effect of Trp is due to the improvement in nutrient transport and absorption during weaning or under conditions of inflammation has not ...

Abstract	Tryptophan (Trp) has been shown to improve the growth and gut function of weaned piglets. Whether the growth-promoting effect of Trp is due to the improvement in nutrient transport and absorption during weaning or under conditions of inflammation has not been fully characterized. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Trp on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced changes in glucose and amino acid (AA) transport in the rat jejunum. Twenty-four 7-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into one of three groups: control, LPS, and Trp + LPS. Rats were supplemented with 0 or 0.1 mg Trp per gram body weight/d in drinking water for 7 days and were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (5 mg/kg BW) on day 8. After 24 h, rats were sacrificed, and jejunum samples were isolated for the analysis of glucose and AA transport using an Ussing chamber and the expression of glucose and AA transporters. The results showed that Trp alleviated the LPS-induced increase in jejunal permeability (p < 0.05) and decrease in changes in the short-circuit current of glucose, arginine, glutamine, glutamate, glycine, histidine, leucine, lysine, taurine, threonine, and Trp (p < 0.05). Trp reversed (p < 0.05) the LPS-induced downregulation of expression of the glucose transporter SGLT1 and AA transporters solute carrier family 38 member 2 (SNAT2) and solute carrier family 7 member 8 (LAT2), as well as ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 (ATP1A2). However, Trp increased (p < 0.01) the LPS-induced upregulation of acidic AA transporter solute carrier family 1 member 1 (EAAT3) expression. The above findings may help to develop nutritional interventions for the differential targeting of gut nutrient transporters, aiming to improve gut function and health in the presence of inflammation in both humans and animals.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12213045
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