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  1. Book: Folding for the synapse

    Wyttenbach, Andreas / O'Connor, Vincent

    2011  

    Author's details Andreas Wyttenbach ; Vincent O'Connor, ed
    Language English
    Size VIII, 318 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place New York u.a.
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT016590969
    ISBN 978-1-4419-7060-2 ; 9781441970619 ; 1-4419-7060-6 ; 1441970614
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article: Role of heat shock proteins during polyglutamine neurodegeneration: mechanisms and hypothesis.

    Wyttenbach, Andreas

    Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN

    2004  Volume 23, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 69–96

    Abstract: A common feature of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinsons's disease, the prion disorders, and the CAG repeat polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, is the occurrence of protein aggregates within or outside of nerve cells. ... ...

    Abstract A common feature of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinsons's disease, the prion disorders, and the CAG repeat polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, is the occurrence of protein aggregates within or outside of nerve cells. Molecular chaperones such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been proposed to play a critical role in preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins that lead to the deposition of aggregates during pathology. This article focuses on the role of HSPs during polyQ pathologies, which include Huntington's disease, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, dentatorubral and pallidoluysian atrophy, and several forms of spinocerebellar ataxia. Recently, unifying mechanisms that are involved during polyQ disease have emerged, such as abnormal transcription, impaired degradation systems, and interference of a polyQ expansion with neuronal survival and death-signaling pathways like the activation of caspases and kinases. This article reviews recent studies that point to the involvement of these mechanisms during polyQ pathology and discusses how HSPs can interfere with such processes by paying special attention to HSPs as modulators of survival and death-signaling pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Death/genetics ; Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Chaperones/genetics ; Molecular Chaperones/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/genetics ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/physiopathology ; Peptides/metabolism ; Protein Folding ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion/genetics
    Chemical Substances Heat-Shock Proteins ; Molecular Chaperones ; Peptides ; polyglutamine (26700-71-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1043392-2
    ISSN 0895-8696
    ISSN 0895-8696
    DOI 10.1385/JMN:23:1-2:069
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book: Folding for the synapse

    Wyttenbach, Andreas / O'Connor, Vincent

    2011  

    Author's details Andreas Wyttenbach, Vincent O'Connor, editors
    MeSH term(s) Protein Folding ; Synapses ; Molecular Chaperones
    Language English
    Size viii, 318 p. :, ill.
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place New York
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9781441970602 ; 1441970606 ; 9781441970619 ; 1441970614
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  4. Book ; Online: Folding for the Synapse

    Wyttenbach, Andreas / O'Connor, Vincent

    2011  

    Abstract: Folding for the Synapse" addresses the current view on how protein folding and misfolding, controlled by molecular chaperones, contribute to synapse function and dysfunction. Molecular chaperones have been studied in relation to de novo protein folding, ...

    Author's details edited by Andreas Wyttenbach, Vincent O'Connor
    Abstract "Folding for the Synapse" addresses the current view on how protein folding and misfolding, controlled by molecular chaperones, contribute to synapse function and dysfunction. Molecular chaperones have been studied in relation to de novo protein folding, but there is increasing awareness that chaperone function is required for the regulation of protein dynamics when functioning physiologically as an isolated moiety or part of a protein complex. This book will introduce both important concepts of folding machineries and give examples of the biological relevance of further chaperone fu

    Folding for the Synapse addresses the current view on how protein folding and misfolding, controlled by molecular chaperones, contribute to synapse function and dysfunction. Molecular chaperones have been studied in relation to de novo protein folding, but there is increasing awareness that chaperone function is required for the regulation of protein dynamics when functioning physiologically as an isolated moiety or part of a protein complex. This book will introduce both important concepts of folding machineries and give examples of the biological relevance of further chaperone functions.
    MeSH term(s) Molecular Chaperones ; Protein Folding ; Synapses
    Keywords Biochemistry ; Cytology ; Medicine ; Neurobiology ; Neurosciences ; Medizin / Gesundheit # Biochemie / Labormedizin ; Technik / Wissen # Biologie ; Technik / Wissen # Sonstiges
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource, v.: digital
    Publisher Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
    Publishing place Boston, MA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index
    ISBN 9781441970602 ; 9781441970619 ; 1441970606 ; 1441970614
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7061-9
    Database Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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  5. Article ; Online: Neurotoxic protein oligomerisation associated with polyglutamine diseases.

    Hands, Sarah L / Wyttenbach, Andreas

    Acta neuropathologica

    2010  Volume 120, Issue 4, Page(s) 419–437

    Abstract: Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are associated with a CAG/polyQ expansion mutation in unrelated proteins. Upon elongation of the glutamine tract, disease proteins aggregate within cells, mainly in the central nervous system (CNS) and this aggregation ... ...

    Abstract Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are associated with a CAG/polyQ expansion mutation in unrelated proteins. Upon elongation of the glutamine tract, disease proteins aggregate within cells, mainly in the central nervous system (CNS) and this aggregation process is associated with neurotoxicity. However, it remains unclear to what extent and how this aggregation causes neuronal dysfunction in the CNS. Aiming at preventing neuronal dysfunction, it will be crucial to determine the links between aggregation and cellular dysfunction, understand the folding pathway of polyQ proteins and discover the relative neurotoxicity of polyQ protein species formed along the aggregation pathway. Here, we review what is known about conformations of polyQ peptides and proteins in their monomeric state from experimental and modelling data, how conformational changes of polyQ proteins relate to their oligomerisation and morphology of aggregates and which cellular function are impaired by oligomers, in vitro and in vivo. We also summarise the key modulatory cellular mechanisms and co-factors, which could affect the folding pathway and kinetics of polyQ aggregation. Although many studies have investigated the relationship between polyQ aggregation and toxicity, these have mainly focussed on investigating changes in the formation of the classical hallmark of polyQ diseases, i.e. microscopically visible inclusion bodies. However, recent studies in which oligomeric species have been considered start to shed light on the identity of neurotoxic oligomeric species. Initial evidence suggests that conformational changes induced by polyQ expansions and their surrounding sequence lead to the formation of particular oligomeric intermediates that may differentially affect neurotoxicity.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Central Nervous System Diseases/genetics ; Central Nervous System Diseases/metabolism ; Central Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Peptides/genetics ; Peptides/metabolism ; Protein Binding/physiology ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding
    Chemical Substances Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Peptides ; polyglutamine (26700-71-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06-01
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1079-0
    ISSN 1432-0533 ; 0001-6322
    ISSN (online) 1432-0533
    ISSN 0001-6322
    DOI 10.1007/s00401-010-0703-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Differential phosphoprotein labelling (DIPPL) using 32P and 33P.

    Tolkovsky, Aviva M / Wyttenbach, Andreas

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2009  Volume 527, Page(s) 21–9, xi

    Abstract: Differential labelling techniques like differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) enable mixing a control with an experimental sample prior to protein separation, thereby reducing complexity and greatly improving the resolution and analysis of changes in ...

    Abstract Differential labelling techniques like differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) enable mixing a control with an experimental sample prior to protein separation, thereby reducing complexity and greatly improving the resolution and analysis of changes in protein expression. Although the shift caused by phosphorylation to a more acidic pI can, in principle, reveal phosphorylation events using DIGE, analysis and verification of the phosphorylation are fraught with problems. Here we describe a differential phospho-labelling technique that obtains the same advantages as DIGE, which we named DIPPL, for differential phosphoprotein labelling. The technique involves labelling two samples, one with 32Pi (orthophosphate) and the other with 33Pi (orthophosphate). The two samples are mixed and proteins are separated on a single gel. Dried gels are exposed twice: once so that total radiation from 32P and 33P is collected on a film or screen; then acetate sheets are interposed between the gel and the screen such that 33P radiation is filtered out leaving 32P radiation to filter through. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by studying the MEK/ERK-dependent changes in stathmin phosphorylation induced by NGF in primary sympathetic neurons.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional/methods ; Humans ; Isotope Labeling/methods ; Phosphoproteins/analysis ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorus Radioisotopes/chemistry ; Phosphorus Radioisotopes/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Phosphoproteins ; Phosphorus Radioisotopes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 1064-3745
    ISSN 1064-3745
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-60327-834-8_2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: The BH3-only protein Puma is both necessary and sufficient for neuronal apoptosis induced by DNA damage in sympathetic neurons.

    Wyttenbach, Andreas / Tolkovsky, Aviva M

    Journal of neurochemistry

    2006  Volume 96, Issue 5, Page(s) 1213–1226

    Abstract: DNA damage activates apoptosis in several neuronal populations and is an important component of neuropathological conditions. While it is well established that neuronal apoptosis, induced by DNA damage, is dependent on the key cell death regulators p53 ... ...

    Abstract DNA damage activates apoptosis in several neuronal populations and is an important component of neuropathological conditions. While it is well established that neuronal apoptosis, induced by DNA damage, is dependent on the key cell death regulators p53 and Bax, it is unknown which proteins link the p53 signal to Bax. Using rat sympathetic neurons as an in vitro model of neuronal apoptosis, we show that cytosine arabinoside is a DNA damaging drug that induces the expression of the BH3-only pro-apoptotic genes Noxa, Puma and Bim. Increased expression occurred after p53 activation, measured by its phosphorylation at serine 15, but prior to the conformational change of Bax at the mitochondria, cytochrome c (cyt c) release and apoptosis. Hence Noxa, Puma and Bim could potentially link p53 to Bax. We directly tested this hypothesis by the use of nullizygous mice. We show that Puma, but not Bim or Noxa, is a crucial mediator of DNA damage-induced neuronal apoptosis. Despite the powerful pro-apoptotic effects of overexpressed Puma in Bax-expressing neurons, Bax nullizygous neurons were resistant to Puma-induced death. Therefore, Puma provides the critical link between p53 and Bax, and is both necessary and sufficient to mediate DNA damage-induced apoptosis of sympathetic neurons.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Apoptosis/physiology ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism ; Blotting, Western/methods ; Cell Count/methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytarabine/pharmacology ; DNA Damage/physiology ; Drug Interactions ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry/methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism ; Nerve Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Neurons/physiology ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Protein Transport/drug effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Serine/metabolism ; Superior Cervical Ganglion/cytology ; Time Factors ; Transfection/methods ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/deficiency ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism ; bcl-Associated Death Protein/metabolism ; bcl-X Protein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Bbc3 protein, rat ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; bcl-Associated Death Protein ; bcl-X Protein ; Cytarabine (04079A1RDZ) ; Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9) ; Serine (452VLY9402) ; Nerve Growth Factor (9061-61-4) ; Mdm2 protein, rat (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 (EC 2.7.11.24)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80158-6
    ISSN 1471-4159 ; 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    ISSN (online) 1471-4159
    ISSN 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03676.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Differential phosphoprotein labeling (DIPPL), a method for comparing live cell phosphoproteomes using simultaneous analysis of (33)P- and (32)P-labeled proteins.

    Wyttenbach, Andreas / Tolkovsky, Aviva M

    Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP

    2005  Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) 553–559

    Abstract: We developed a differential method to reveal kinase-specific phosphorylation events in live cells. In this method, cells in which the specified kinase is inactive are labeled with (32)Pi, whereas cells in which the kinase is active are labeled with (33) ... ...

    Abstract We developed a differential method to reveal kinase-specific phosphorylation events in live cells. In this method, cells in which the specified kinase is inactive are labeled with (32)Pi, whereas cells in which the kinase is active are labeled with (33)Pi. The two cell extracts are then mixed, and proteins are separated on a single two-dimensional gel. The dried gel is exposed twice. The first exposure reveals both (32)P- and (33)P-labeled proteins; the kinase-specific spots are revealed because of (33)P labeling. The second exposure is conducted with two acetate sheets intervening between the gel and the detection plate. This maneuver screens out the less energetic (33)P-labeled proteins while allowing the more energetic (32)P-labeled proteins to be detected, thus leaving only those spots that were phosphorylated independently of the specified kinase. We demonstrate the utility of this method for detecting kinase substrates in rare tissue by focusing on extracellular signal-regulated kinase-specific phosphorylation of stathmin/OP18 in primary rat sympathetic neurons.
    MeSH term(s) Acetates/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Survival ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Isotope Labeling ; Phosphoproteins/analysis ; Phosphoproteins/chemistry ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorus Radioisotopes ; Phosphorylation ; Proteome/analysis ; Proteome/chemistry ; Proteome/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stathmin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Acetates ; Phosphoproteins ; Phosphorus Radioisotopes ; Proteome ; Stathmin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-11-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2075924-1
    ISSN 1535-9484 ; 1535-9476
    ISSN (online) 1535-9484
    ISSN 1535-9476
    DOI 10.1074/mcp.T500028-MCP200
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: mTOR's role in ageing: protein synthesis or autophagy?

    Hands, Sarah L / Proud, Christopher G / Wyttenbach, Andreas

    Aging

    2009  Volume 1, Issue 7, Page(s) 586–597

    Abstract: The molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate ageing are currently under scrutiny because ageing is linked to many human diseases. The nutrient sensing TOR pathway is emerging as a key regulator of ageing. TOR signaling is complex affecting several ...

    Abstract The molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate ageing are currently under scrutiny because ageing is linked to many human diseases. The nutrient sensing TOR pathway is emerging as a key regulator of ageing. TOR signaling is complex affecting several crucial cellular functions and two such functions, which show clear effects on ageing, are protein synthesis and autophagy. In this article we discuss the relative importance of both these processes in ageing, identify how TOR regulates translation and autophagy and speculate on links between the TOR signaling network and ageing pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/physiology ; Animals ; Autophagy/physiology ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/physiology ; Protein Biosynthesis/physiology ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
    Chemical Substances Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; MTOR protein, human (EC 2.7.1.1) ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 1945-4589
    ISSN (online) 1945-4589
    DOI 10.18632/aging.100070
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: In vitro and in vivo aggregation of a fragment of huntingtin protein directly causes free radical production.

    Hands, Sarah / Sajjad, Mohammad U / Newton, Michael J / Wyttenbach, Andreas

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2011  Volume 286, Issue 52, Page(s) 44512–44520

    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by intra- and/or extracellular protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Intense attention has been paid to whether protein aggregation itself contributes to abnormal production of free radicals and ensuing ... ...

    Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by intra- and/or extracellular protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Intense attention has been paid to whether protein aggregation itself contributes to abnormal production of free radicals and ensuing cellular oxidative damage. Although this question has been investigated in the context of extracellular protein aggregation, it remains unclear whether protein aggregation inside cells alters the redox homeostasis. To address this, we have used in vitro and in vivo (cellular) models of Huntington disease, one of nine polyglutamine (poly(Q)) disorders, and examined the causal relationship among intracellular protein aggregation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and toxicity. Live imaging of cells expressing a fragment of huntingtin (httExon1) with a poly(Q) expansion shows increased ROS production preceding cell death. ROS production is poly(Q) length-dependent and not due to the httExon 1 flanking sequence. Aggregation inhibition by the MW7 intrabody and Pgl-135 treatment abolishes ROS production, showing that increased ROS is caused by poly(Q) aggregation itself. To examine this hypothesis further, we determined whether aggregation of poly(Q) peptides in vitro generated free radicals. Monitoring poly(Q) protein aggregation using atomic force microscopy and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) production over time in parallel we show that oligomerization of httEx1Q53 results in early generation of H(2)O(2). Inhibition of poly(Q) oligomerization by the single chain antibody MW7 abrogates H(2)O(2) formation. These results demonstrate that intracellular protein aggregation directly causes free radical production, and targeting potentially toxic poly(Q) oligomers may constitute a therapeutic target to counteract oxidative stress in poly(Q) diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Death ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Huntingtin Protein ; Huntington Disease/genetics ; Huntington Disease/metabolism ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Models, Biological ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Peptides/chemistry ; Peptides/genetics ; Peptides/metabolism ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Single-Chain Antibodies/chemistry
    Chemical Substances HTT protein, human ; Huntingtin Protein ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Nuclear Proteins ; Peptides ; Single-Chain Antibodies ; polyglutamine (26700-71-0) ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-10-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M111.307587
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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