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Article ; Online: Combination of pigment epithelium derived factor with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy protects the neuroretina from ischemic damage.

Xi, Lei

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

2022 Volume 151, Page(s) 113113

Abstract: Ocular ischemia is a vision-threatening disease, and is a medical condition associated with many ocular diseases. Anti-VEGF therapy has limitations related to its side effects and suppression of physiological revascularization. Pigment epithelium derived ...

Abstract	Ocular ischemia is a vision-threatening disease, and is a medical condition associated with many ocular diseases. Anti-VEGF therapy has limitations related to its side effects and suppression of physiological revascularization. Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) has anti-angiogenesis and neurotrophic neuroprotective functions and is a promising agent in the treatment of ischemia-induced retinal neurodegeneration. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of PEDF and anti-VEGF and the combined therapy on the ischemic rat eye model ex vivo. In this study, the PEDF protein, anti-VEGF drug (Avastin) or the combination of PEDF and Avastin were intravitreally injected immediately after eye enucleation. Then the eyes were incubated in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) at 4 ℃ for 14 h. After that the eyes were fixed immediately by formalin. VEGF, PEDF and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The IHC staining intensity was evaluated for each eye. Compared to the groups treated by vehicle, PEDF, and anti-VEGF alone, the value of staining intensity of VEGF and GFAP was significantly reduced in the retina and choroidal vessels of the PEDF/Anti-VEGF treatment group. The intravitreally injected PEDF protein can locate in the retina and the choroidal vessels. Compared to the vehicle-treatment group, both the PEDF-treatment and the PEDF/Anti-VEGF treatment groups showed significantly decreased number of TUNEL-positive nuclei, and the PEDF/Anti-VEGF treatment group had the least TUNEL-positive nuclei. Combination of PEDF and an anti-VEGF drug (Avastin) is a possible therapeutic strategy against ischemic retinal and choroidal diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bevacizumab/pharmacology ; Bevacizumab/therapeutic use ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Eye Proteins/metabolism ; Eye Proteins/pharmacology ; Eye Proteins/therapeutic use ; Ischemia/drug therapy ; Ischemia/prevention & control ; Rats ; Retina/pathology ; Retinal Diseases/drug therapy ; Retinal Diseases/metabolism ; Serpins/metabolism ; Serpins/pharmacology ; Serpins/therapeutic use ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
Chemical Substances	Eye Proteins ; Serpins ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; Bevacizumab (2S9ZZM9Q9V)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-20
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392415-4
ISSN	1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
ISSN (online)	1950-6007
ISSN	0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113113
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Book: Intermittent hypoxia and human diseases

Xi, Lei / Serebrovskaya, Tatiana V.

2012

Author's details	Lei Xi ; Tatiana V. Serebrovskaya ed
Keywords	Anoxia
Language	English
Size	XI, 316 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Springer
Publishing place	Dordrecht u.a.
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
Note	Includes bibliographical references and index
HBZ-ID	HT017467791
ISBN	978-1-4471-2905-9 ; 1-4471-2905-9 ; 9781447129066 ; 1447129067
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Book: Intermittent hypoxia

Xi, Lei / Serebrovskaya, Tatiana V.

from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications

(Physiology - laboratory and clinical research series)

2010

Author's details	Lei Xi and Tatiana V. Serebrovskaya, ed
Series title	Physiology - laboratory and clinical research series
Keywords	Anoxia / physiopathology ; Anoxia / complications ; Anoxia / metabolism ; Adaptation, Physiological / physiology ; Sports / physiology
Language	English
Size	XXXI, 615 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Nova Science Publ
Publishing place	New York
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
Note	Includes bibliographical references and index
HBZ-ID	HT016354407
ISBN	978-1-60876-127-2 ; 1-60876-127-4
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Article ; Online: Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor as a Possible Treatment Agent for Choroidal Neovascularization.

Xi, Lei

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

2020 Volume 2020, Page(s) 8941057

Abstract: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a sight-threatening disease and is characterized by the formation of pathological neovascularization in the choroid which extends into the subretinal space. Exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the ... ...

Abstract	Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a sight-threatening disease and is characterized by the formation of pathological neovascularization in the choroid which extends into the subretinal space. Exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the formation of CNV in the macular area which leads to irreversible blindness. Continuous leakage and hemorrhage of the CNV lesion may eventually result in scarring or later fibrosis, which could result in photoreceptor cell atrophy. The current strategy for treating CNV is the use of antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. Many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. Other studies have also reported the side effects of single anti-VEGF treatment. And long-term inhibition of a single system may result in collateral damage to other visual elements. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a 50 kDa protein that was first isolated from the conditioned medium of human RPE cells. PEDF has both antiangiogenesis and neuroprotective functions for photoreceptor cells. It may be a potential ocular antiangiogenic agent. This review outlines the distribution of PEDF in the eye, the mechanism of antiangiogenesis, the protective effect on the retina, and the relationship between PEDF and VEGF.
MeSH term(s)	Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Capillary Permeability/drug effects ; Choroidal Neovascularization/drug therapy ; Choroidal Neovascularization/genetics ; Choroidal Neovascularization/metabolism ; Choroidal Neovascularization/pathology ; Eye Proteins/genetics ; Eye Proteins/metabolism ; Eye Proteins/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics ; Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism ; Nerve Growth Factors/therapeutic use ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Retina/drug effects ; Retina/metabolism ; Retina/pathology ; Serpins/genetics ; Serpins/metabolism ; Serpins/therapeutic use ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Eye Proteins ; Nerve Growth Factors ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Serpins ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pigment epithelium-derived factor
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	1942-0994
ISSN (online)	1942-0994
DOI	10.1155/2020/8941057
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Article ; Online: Research Progress of the Application of Hypothermia in the Eye.

Xi, Lei

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

2020 Volume 2020, Page(s) 3897168

Abstract: Hypothermia is widely used in the medical field to protect organs or tissues from damage. Different research fields have different explanations of the protection mechanism of hypothermia. Hypothermia is also widely used in the field of ophthalmology, for ...

Abstract	Hypothermia is widely used in the medical field to protect organs or tissues from damage. Different research fields have different explanations of the protection mechanism of hypothermia. Hypothermia is also widely used in the field of ophthalmology, for example, in the eye bank, the preservation of corneal tissue and the preservation of the eyeball. Low temperature can also be applied to some ophthalmic diseases, such as allergic conjunctivitis, retinal ischemia, and retinal hypoxia. It is used to relieve eye symptoms or reduce tissue damage. Hypothermic techniques have important applications in ophthalmic surgery, such as corneal refractive surgery, vitrectomy surgery, and ciliary body cryotherapy for end-stage glaucoma. Hypothermia can reduce the inflammation of the cornea and protect the retinal tissue. The eyeball is a complex organ, including collagen tissue of the eyeball wall and retinal nerve tissue and retinal blood vessels. The mechanism of low temperature protecting eye tissue is complicated. It is important to understand the mechanism of hypothermia and its applications in ophthalmology. This review introduces the mechanism of hypothermia and its application in the eye banks, eye diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, retinal ischemia, and hypoxia), and eye surgeries (corneal transplant surgery, corneal refractive surgery, and vitrectomy).
MeSH term(s)	Biomedical Research/methods ; Biomedical Research/trends ; Cornea/physiology ; Cytoprotection/physiology ; Eye Diseases/therapy ; Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced/methods ; Hypothermia, Induced/trends ; Ocular Physiological Phenomena ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/trends ; Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Refractive Surgical Procedures/trends ; Retina/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2455981-7
ISSN	1942-0994 ; 1942-0994
ISSN (online)	1942-0994
ISSN	1942-0994
DOI	10.1155/2020/3897168
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Article ; Online: CARD9: key player or bystander in cardiac remodeling under hypertension?

Xi, Lei

Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension

2020 Volume 43, Issue 12, Page(s) 1454–1456

MeSH term(s)	CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/metabolism ; Caspase Activation and Recruitment Domain ; Constriction ; Family ; Fibrosis ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy ; Role ; Ventricular Remodeling
Chemical Substances	CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; CARD9 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1175297-x
ISSN	1348-4214 ; 0916-9636
ISSN (online)	1348-4214
ISSN	0916-9636
DOI	10.1038/s41440-020-00542-9
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Article ; Online: Photoacoustic expansion microscopy of melanosomes.

Li, Tingting / Gong, Xinrui / Guo, Heng / Xi, Lei

Optics letters

2024 Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 798–801

Abstract: Optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) is a hybrid imaging method for visualizing organelles due to the high spatial resolution and abundant optical contrast. Usually, OR-PAM employs high numerical aperture (NA) objectives and high- ... ...

Abstract	Optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) is a hybrid imaging method for visualizing organelles due to the high spatial resolution and abundant optical contrast. Usually, OR-PAM employs high numerical aperture (NA) objectives and high-frequency ultrasonic detectors to resolve three-dimensional (3D) microstructures of cells. Expansion microscopy (ExM) provides a nanoscale resolution by isotropically enlarging cells instead of utilizing ultrahigh NA objectives. In this Letter, we report the development of photoacoustic expansion microscopy (PA-ExM) that combines the advantages of OR-PAM and ExM for 3D organelle imaging using near-infrared light. We evaluate the performance of PA-ExM using label-free melanoma cells, where the image quality of melanosome distributions in expanded cells using a 40× objective is comparable to that of unexpanded cells using an oil-immersed 100× objective. The results suggest that PA-ExM possesses the great potential to study organelles.
MeSH term(s)	Microscopy/methods ; Melanosomes ; Photoacoustic Techniques/methods ; Spectrum Analysis ; Multimodal Imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4794
ISSN (online)	1539-4794
DOI	10.1364/OL.509831
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Article: Wavefront properties of the anterior and posterior corneal surface after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in myopia.

Xi, Lei

Experimental and therapeutic medicine

2019 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 1183–1188

Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the changes of corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) in patients with myopia. A total of 80 eyes of 80 patients with myopia with or without astigmatism ... ...

Abstract	The present study aimed to evaluate the changes of corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) in patients with myopia. A total of 80 eyes of 80 patients with myopia with or without astigmatism were evaluated. Prior to and 1 year after the surgery, uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity in logMAR were assessed. Wavefront aberrations on the anterior surface of the cornea, as well as the posterior and total cornea, were measured via Pentacam. The HOA of the anterior surface and total values of spherical and coma aberrations increased significantly (P<0.001). However, HOAs of the anterior surface, and posterior and total values of the trefoil were not significantly changed (P=0.442, 0.805 and 0.936, respectively). A significant correlation of the pre-operative mean spherical equivalent refraction (MSER), astigmatism and central corneal ablation depth (CCAD) with the changes in coma aberration (r=0.268, P=0.016; r=0.260, P=0.020; r=0.323, P=0.004, respectively) and HOA (r=0.554, P<0.001; r=0.312, P=0.005; r=0.583, P<0.001, respectively) of the anterior surface of the cornea was determined. Furthermore, a significant correlation of the pre-operative MSER and CCAD with the changes in spherical aberration of the anterior corneal surface (r=0.462, P<0.001; r=0.510, P<0.001, respectively) was obtained. In conclusion, TransPRK offers an effective option for improving visual function in patients with myopia. The anterior corneal HOA, as well as spherical and coma aberrations, were significantly increased post-operatively. The HOA of the posterior cornea was not significantly changed. The change in the trefoil aberration was significantly correlated with pre-operative astigmatism, but the pre- and post-operative values were not significantly different.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-17
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2683844-8
ISSN	1792-1015 ; 1792-0981
ISSN (online)	1792-1015
ISSN	1792-0981
DOI	10.3892/etm.2019.8338
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Article ; Online: Wearable photoacoustic watch for humans.

Zhang, Ting / Guo, Heng / Qi, Weizhi / Xi, Lei

Optics letters

2024 Volume 49, Issue 6, Page(s) 1524–1527

Abstract: Longitudinal detection of hemodynamic changes based on wearable devices is imperative for monitoring human healthcare. Photoacoustic effect is extremely sensitive to variations in hemoglobin. Therefore, wearable photoacoustic devices are apt to monitor ... ...

Abstract	Longitudinal detection of hemodynamic changes based on wearable devices is imperative for monitoring human healthcare. Photoacoustic effect is extremely sensitive to variations in hemoglobin. Therefore, wearable photoacoustic devices are apt to monitor human healthcare via the observation of hemodynamics. However, the bulky system and difficulties in miniaturizing and optimizing the imaging interface restrict the development of wearable photoacoustic devices for human use. In this study, we developed a wearable photoacoustic watch with a fully integrated system in a backpack that has a size of 450 mm × 300 mm × 200 mm and an affordable weight of 7 kg for an adult to wear. The watch has a size of 43 mm × 30 mm × 24 mm, weighs 40 g, and features a lateral resolution of 8.7 µm, a field of view (FOV) of 3 mm in diameter, and a motorized adjustable focus for optimizing the imaging plane for different individuals. We recruited volunteers to wear the watch and the backpack and performed in vivo imaging of the vasculatures inside human wrists under the conditions of walking and human cuff occlusion to observe hemodynamic variations during different physiological states. The results suggest that the focus shifting capability of the watch makes it suitable for different individuals, and the compact and stable design of the entire system allows free movements of humans.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Photoacoustic Techniques ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Spectrum Analysis ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Hemodynamics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4794
ISSN (online)	1539-4794
DOI	10.1364/OL.514238
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Article ; Online: Beet Juice as Nutraceutical Remedy for Alleviating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Searching for Optimal Treatment Timing and Nitrate Dose.

Xi, Lei

American journal of hypertension

2018 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 135–138

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage ; Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects ; Arterial Pressure/drug effects ; Beta vulgaris/adverse effects ; Dietary Supplements/adverse effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Fruit and Vegetable Juices/adverse effects ; Humans ; Nitrates/administration & dosage ; Nitrates/adverse effects ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Plant Roots ; Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/metabolism ; Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/physiopathology ; Pulmonary Artery/drug effects ; Pulmonary Artery/metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage ; Vasodilator Agents/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Antihypertensive Agents ; Nitrates ; Vasodilator Agents ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639383-4
ISSN	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905 ; 0895-7061
ISSN (online)	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905
ISSN	0895-7061
DOI	10.1093/ajh/hpy181
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