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Book ; Online: Effect of target signals and delays on spatially selective active noise control for open-fitting hearables

Xiao, Tong / Doclo, Simon

2024

Abstract: Spatially selective active noise control (ANC) hearables are designed to reduce unwanted noise from certain directions while preserving desired sounds from other directions. In previous studies, the target signal has been defined either as the delayed ... ...

Abstract	Spatially selective active noise control (ANC) hearables are designed to reduce unwanted noise from certain directions while preserving desired sounds from other directions. In previous studies, the target signal has been defined either as the delayed desired component in one of the reference microphone signals or as the desired component in the error microphone signal without any delay. In this paper, we systematically investigate the influence of delays in different target signals on the ANC performance and provide an intuitive explanation for how the system obtains the desired signal. Simulations were conducted on a pair of open-fitting hearables for localized speech and noise sources in an anechoic environment. The performance was assessed in terms of noise reduction, signal quality and control effort. Results indicate that optimal performance is achieved without delays when the target signal is defined at the error microphone, whereas causality necessitates delays when the target signal is defined at the reference microphone. The optimal delay is found to be the acoustic delay between this reference microphone and the error microphone from the desired source. Comment: ICASSP 2024 (c) 2024 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing ; Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Subject code	621
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article: [Quantifying the Contribution of Soil Heavy Metals to Ecological and Health Risk Sources].

Pan, Yong-Xing / Chen, Meng / Wang, Xiao-Tong

Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue

2024 Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 1026–1037

Abstract: Quantifying the risk of soil heavy metal sources can identify the main pollution sources. It can provide a scientific basis for reducing the ecological and human health risks of soil heavy metals. Taking the shallow soil in a Pb-Zn mine watershed in ... ...

Abstract	Quantifying the risk of soil heavy metal sources can identify the main pollution sources. It can provide a scientific basis for reducing the ecological and human health risks of soil heavy metals. Taking the shallow soil in a Pb-Zn mine watershed in northern Guangxi as a research object， ecological and human health risk assessments were conducted using potential ecological risk assessment （RI） and human health risk assessment （HRA）， and the source apportionment of soil heavy metals was completed using the absolute principal component-multiple linear regression receptor （APCS-MLR） model and random forest （RF） model. Then， a combined risk assessment model， consisting of RI， HRA， and APCS-MLR， was used to quantify the risk of soil heavy metal sources. The results showed that the contents of Pb， Zn， Cu， and Cd exceeded the environmental screening values for agricultural land with mean values of 342.77， 693.34， 61.27， and 3.08 mg·kg
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Soil ; Environmental Monitoring ; Cadmium ; Lead ; Soil Pollutants/analysis ; China ; Risk Assessment ; Metals, Heavy/analysis
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Cadmium (00BH33GNGH) ; Lead (2P299V784P) ; Soil Pollutants ; Metals, Heavy
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	China
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ISSN	0250-3301
ISSN	0250-3301
DOI	10.13227/j.hjkx.202303153
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Article ; Online: Bibliometric analysis of research trends and hotspots on robot-assisted thyroid surgery.

Shi, Xiao-Tong / Shen, Jun / Sun, Ya-Yu

Medicine

2024 Volume 103, Issue 14, Page(s) e37588

Abstract: Background: Thyroid surgery involves the partial or complete removal of the thyroid gland and is a frequently performed surgical procedure. The adoption of robots, equipped with flexible and stable operating systems, has garnered acceptance among ... ...

Abstract	Background: Thyroid surgery involves the partial or complete removal of the thyroid gland and is a frequently performed surgical procedure. The adoption of robots, equipped with flexible and stable operating systems, has garnered acceptance among numerous surgeons for their capability to enable precise anatomical dissection in thyroid surgery. To gain a comprehensive insight into the present research landscape of robot-assisted thyroid surgery, this paper endeavored to conduct a thorough analysis of the field through bibliometric analysis. Methods: Relevant literature pertaining to robot-assisted thyroid surgery was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database, spanning from the inception of WOSCC to October 17, 2022. Visual analyses of publication quantity, distribution across countries/regions, institutions/organizations, authorship, journals, references, and keywords were conducted using Microsoft Excel, the bibliometrix package in R, Citescape, and VOSviewer software. Results: A total of 505 articles from 406 institutions in 36 countries/regions were included. South Korea emerged with highest number of publications. Notably, Professor CHUNG WY from Yonsei University in South Korea and the journal "Surg Endosc" stood out with the most publications. The current research landscape indicated significant interest in endoscopic thyroidectomy, surgical procedures, and the axillary approach. In addition, transoral robotic thyroidectomy (TROT), and learning curve (LC) were recognized as research frontiers, representing potential future hotspots in this field. Conclusion: This study marks the first bibliometric analysis of the literature on robot-assisted thyroid surgery. The results highlight endoscopic thyroidectomy, surgical procedures, and the axillary approach as current research hotspots, with TROT and LC identified as potential future research hotspots.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Thyroid Gland/surgery ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Robotics ; Thyroidectomy ; Bibliometrics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80184-7
ISSN	1536-5964 ; 0025-7974
ISSN (online)	1536-5964
ISSN	0025-7974
DOI	10.1097/MD.0000000000037588
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Article ; Online: An optimized protocol to detect protein ubiquitination and activation by ubiquitination assay in vivo and CCK-8 assay

Xiao-Tong Lin / Jie Zhang / Chuan-Ming Xie

STAR Protocols, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 102199- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Summary: E3 ubiquitin ligases play a role in protein degradation, cellular localization, and activation, and their dysregulation is associated with human diseases. Here, we present a protocol to detect IGF2BP1 ubiquitination and activation by an E3 ... ...

Abstract	Summary: E3 ubiquitin ligases play a role in protein degradation, cellular localization, and activation, and their dysregulation is associated with human diseases. Here, we present a protocol to detect IGF2BP1 ubiquitination and activation by an E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO45. We describe steps for preparing cells and transfecting plasmids. We detail the use of western blot to detect IGF2BP1 ubiquitination and a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay to detect IGF2BP1 activation. This protocol is applicable to other proteins of interest.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Lin et al. (2021).1 : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.
Keywords	Cell Biology ; Cell Culture ; Cell-based Assays ; Molecular Biology ; Protein Biochemistry ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Trade-linked shipping CO2 emissions

Wang, Xiao-Tong

Nature climate change

2021 Volume 11, Issue 11, Page(s) 945

Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2614383-5
ISSN	1758-678x
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Nitrogen removal performance of anammox immobilized fillers in response to seasonal temperature variations and different operating modes: Substrate utilization and microbial community analysis.

Wang, XiaoTong / Yang, Hong

The Science of the total environment

2022 Volume 829, Page(s) 154574

Abstract: Four anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) immobilized filler reactors (R1: 33 °C-normal, R2: seasonal temperature-normal, R3: seasonal temperature-feast, R4: seasonal temperature-starvation) were established to study the response of anammox immobilized ...

Abstract	Four anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) immobilized filler reactors (R1: 33 °C-normal, R2: seasonal temperature-normal, R3: seasonal temperature-feast, R4: seasonal temperature-starvation) were established to study the response of anammox immobilized fillers to seasonal temperature changes and different operating modes. The results showed that the anammox immobilized filler could better adapt to the seasonal temperature drop and maintain the activity potential by adjusting the hydraulic retention time (HRT). During the temperature rise phase, R2 activity increased rapidly with the highest nitrogen removal rate reaching 1.26 kgN·(m
MeSH term(s)	Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ; Anaerobiosis ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Bioreactors/microbiology ; Denitrification ; Microbiota ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Seasons ; Sewage ; Temperature
Chemical Substances	Sewage ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154574
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Article: Nitrogen removal performance of anammox immobilized fillers in response to seasonal temperature variations and different operating modes: Substrate utilization and microbial community analysis

Wang, XiaoTong / Yang, Hong

Science of the total environment. 2022 July 10, v. 829

2022

Abstract	Four anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) immobilized filler reactors (R1: 33 °C-normal, R2: seasonal temperature-normal, R3: seasonal temperature-feast, R4: seasonal temperature-starvation) were established to study the response of anammox immobilized fillers to seasonal temperature changes and different operating modes. The results showed that the anammox immobilized filler could better adapt to the seasonal temperature drop and maintain the activity potential by adjusting the hydraulic retention time (HRT). During the temperature rise phase, R2 activity increased rapidly with the highest nitrogen removal rate reaching 1.26 kgN·(m³·d)⁻¹, which was equivalent to control sample R1 (1.33 kgN·(m³·d)⁻¹). However, feasting and famine conditions severely impaired anammox performance and changed stoichiometric ratios; feasting, in particular, significantly lowered the nitrogen removal potential of R3. The specific anammox activity of R2, R3 and R4 was 92.2%, 52.6% and 67.9%, respectively, that of R1, respectively, where the accumulation of functional bacteria was the reason for the higher activity of R2. Degradation kinetics and NO₂⁻-N inhibition curves showed that R3 was less sensitive to high concentrations of NH₄⁺–N, while R4 responded earlier to low concentrations of NH₄⁺–N, and the reduction of IC50 at low temperature was the reason for the inhibition of R3 activity. Furthermore, seasonal temperature fluctuations had little effect on the microbial community structure but had a considerable impact on bacteria abundance. The anammox functional bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia was found to be the dominant genus in R1-R4; however, the relative abundance of most bacteria, including anammox bacteria, decreased in R3, while the proportion of fermentation bacteria and denitrifying bacteria increased in R4. These findings highlight the necessity of rational regulation of HRT for the adaptation of anammox immobilized fillers to seasonal temperature changes, which could enhance our understanding of the synergistic effect of seasonal temperature changes and different operating modes on nitrogen removal.
Keywords	anaerobic ammonium oxidation ; community structure ; denitrification ; environment ; famine ; fermentation ; inhibitory concentration 50 ; microbial communities ; nitrogen ; stoichiometry ; synergism ; temperature
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0710
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154574
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Article ; Online: High moisture extrusion of soybean protein isolate: Effect of β-glucan on physicochemical properties of extrudates.

Ye, Xinhui / Su, Xiaolin / Xiao, Tong / Lu, Fei / Xie, Tiemin

Food chemistry

2024 Volume 441, Page(s) 138329

Abstract: This study is focused on exploring the effect of twin-screw high-moisture extrusion technology on the physico-chemical properties of β-glucan-soybean protein isolate (SPI-BG) extrudates. Different proportions (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, 5 %) of oat β- ... ...

Abstract	This study is focused on exploring the effect of twin-screw high-moisture extrusion technology on the physico-chemical properties of β-glucan-soybean protein isolate (SPI-BG) extrudates. Different proportions (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, 5 %) of oat β-glucan (BG) were added with soybean protein isolate (SPI) to prepare SPI-BG extrudates. Results showed that the addition of a high quantity of β-glucan (BG) decreased the elastic properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) extrudates and then increased. The strengthening of S1-S2-S3 interactions (hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bonds) was primarily responsible for this trend. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis was conducted which revealed that BG did not significant affect random coil content of SPI. However, it was observed that α-helix content was increased significantly and the β-sheet content was decreased. An observation was noted in the value of enthalpy (ΔH) change that increased from 115.80 J/g to 159.68 J/g.
MeSH term(s)	Soybean Proteins/chemistry ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Hydrogen Bonding ; beta-Glucans
Chemical Substances	Soybean Proteins ; beta-Glucans
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138329
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Book ; Online: Sharper Analysis for Minibatch Stochastic Proximal Point Methods

Yuan, Xiao-Tong / Li, Ping

Stability, Smoothness, and Deviation

2023

Abstract: The stochastic proximal point (SPP) methods have gained recent attention for stochastic optimization, with strong convergence guarantees and superior robustness to the classic stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods showcased at little to no cost of ... ...

Abstract	The stochastic proximal point (SPP) methods have gained recent attention for stochastic optimization, with strong convergence guarantees and superior robustness to the classic stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods showcased at little to no cost of computational overhead added. In this article, we study a minibatch variant of SPP, namely M-SPP, for solving convex composite risk minimization problems. The core contribution is a set of novel excess risk bounds of M-SPP derived through the lens of algorithmic stability theory. Particularly under smoothness and quadratic growth conditions, we show that M-SPP with minibatch-size $n$ and iteration count $T$ enjoys an in-expectation fast rate of convergence consisting of an $\mathcal{O}\left(\frac{1}{T^2}\right)$ bias decaying term and an $\mathcal{O}\left(\frac{1}{nT}\right)$ variance decaying term. In the small-$n$-large-$T$ setting, this result substantially improves the best known results of SPP-type approaches by revealing the impact of noise level of model on convergence rate. In the complementary small-$T$-large-$n$ regime, we provide a two-phase extension of M-SPP to achieve comparable convergence rates. Moreover, we derive a near-tight high probability (over the randomness of data) bound on the parameter estimation error of a sampling-without-replacement variant of M-SPP. Numerical evidences are provided to support our theoretical predictions when substantialized to Lasso and logistic regression models.
Keywords	Statistics - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Publishing date	2023-01-08
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Introduction to Transformers

Xiao, Tong / Zhu, Jingbo

an NLP Perspective

2023

Abstract: Transformers have dominated empirical machine learning models of natural language processing. In this paper, we introduce basic concepts of Transformers and present key techniques that form the recent advances of these models. This includes a description ...

Abstract	Transformers have dominated empirical machine learning models of natural language processing. In this paper, we introduce basic concepts of Transformers and present key techniques that form the recent advances of these models. This includes a description of the standard Transformer architecture, a series of model refinements, and common applications. Given that Transformers and related deep learning techniques might be evolving in ways we have never seen, we cannot dive into all the model details or cover all the technical areas. Instead, we focus on just those concepts that are helpful for gaining a good understanding of Transformers and their variants. We also summarize the key ideas that impact this field, thereby yielding some insights into the strengths and limitations of these models. Comment: 119 pages and 21 figures
Keywords	Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	501
Publishing date	2023-11-29
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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