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  1. Article ; Online: Molecular Mechanisms of AMPA Receptor Trafficking in the Nervous System

    Yi-Yang Cao / Ling-Ling Wu / Xiao-Nan Li / Yu-Lian Yuan / Wan-Wei Zhao / Jing-Xuan Qi / Xu-Yu Zhao / Natalie Ward / Jiao Wang

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 1, p

    2023  Volume 111

    Abstract: Synaptic plasticity enhances or reduces connections between neurons, affecting learning and memory. Postsynaptic AMPARs mediate greater than 90% of the rapid excitatory synaptic transmission in glutamatergic neurons. The number and subunit composition of ...

    Abstract Synaptic plasticity enhances or reduces connections between neurons, affecting learning and memory. Postsynaptic AMPARs mediate greater than 90% of the rapid excitatory synaptic transmission in glutamatergic neurons. The number and subunit composition of AMPARs are fundamental to synaptic plasticity and the formation of entire neural networks. Accordingly, the insertion and functionalization of AMPARs at the postsynaptic membrane have become a core issue related to neural circuit formation and information processing in the central nervous system. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the related mechanisms of AMPAR expression and trafficking. The proteins related to AMPAR trafficking are discussed in detail, including vesicle-related proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, synaptic proteins, and protein kinases. Furthermore, significant emphasis was placed on the pivotal role of the actin cytoskeleton, which spans throughout the entire transport process in AMPAR transport, indicating that the actin cytoskeleton may serve as a fundamental basis for AMPAR trafficking. Additionally, we summarize the proteases involved in AMPAR post-translational modifications. Moreover, we provide an overview of AMPAR transport and localization to the postsynaptic membrane. Understanding the assembly, trafficking, and dynamic synaptic expression mechanisms of AMPAR may provide valuable insights into the cognitive decline associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
    Keywords AMPAR ; molecular mechanism ; glutamate receptors ; synaptic plasticity ; AMPAR trafficking ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Targeting GBM with an Oncolytic Picornavirus SVV-001 alone and in combination with fractionated Radiation in a Novel Panel of Orthotopic PDX models

    Huiyuan Zhang / Yuchen Du / Lin Qi / Sophie Xiao / Frank K. Braun / Mari Kogiso / Yulun Huang / Frank Huang / Aalaa Abdallah / Milagros Suarez / Sekar Karthick / Nabil M. Ahmed / Vita S. Salsman / Patricia A. Baxter / Jack M. Su / Daniel J. Brat / Paul L. Hellenbeck / Wan-Yee Teo / Akash J. Patel /
    Xiao-Nan Li

    Journal of Translational Medicine, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 19

    Abstract: Abstract Background Animal models representing different molecular subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is desired for developing new therapies. SVV-001 is an oncolytic virus selectively targeting cancer cells. It’s capacity of passing through the ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Animal models representing different molecular subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is desired for developing new therapies. SVV-001 is an oncolytic virus selectively targeting cancer cells. It’s capacity of passing through the blood brain barrier makes is an attractive novel approach for GBM. Materials and methods 23 patient tumor samples were implanted into the brains of NOD/SCID mice (1 × 105 cells/mouse). Tumor histology, gene expression (RNAseq), and growth rate of the developed patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models were compared with the originating patient tumors during serial subtransplantations. Anti-tumor activities of SVV-001 were examined in vivo; and therapeutic efficacy validated in vivo via single i.v. injection (1 × 1011 viral particle) with or without fractionated (2 Gy/day x 5 days) radiation followed by analysis of animal survival times, viral infection, and DNA damage. Results PDOX formation was confirmed in 17/23 (73.9%) GBMs while maintaining key histopathological features and diffuse invasion of the patient tumors. Using differentially expressed genes, we subclassified PDOX models into proneural, classic and mesenchymal groups. Animal survival times were inversely correlated with the implanted tumor cells. SVV-001 was active in vitro by killing primary monolayer culture (4/13 models), 3D neurospheres (7/13 models) and glioma stem cells. In 2/2 models, SVV-001 infected PDOX cells in vivo without harming normal brain cells and significantly prolonged survival times in 2/2 models. When combined with radiation, SVV-001 enhanced DNA damages and further prolonged animal survival times. Conclusion A panel of 17 clinically relevant and molecularly annotated PDOX modes of GBM is developed, and SVV-001 exhibited strong anti-tumor activities in vitro and in vivo.
    Keywords Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft ; Glioblastoma ; Oncolytic virus ; SVV-001 ; Therapeutic efficacy ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Genetic diversity of natural populations of Larix principis-rupprechtii in Shanxi Province, China

    Di, Xiao-yan / Meng-ben Wang / Qi-xiang Wang / Xiao-nan Li

    Biochemical systematics and ecology. 2014 June, v. 54

    2014  

    Abstract: Prince Rupprecht's Larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.) is one of dominant components of middle and high elevation forests in North China. Shanxi Province is well known as “the Hometown of Prince Rupprecht's Larch” in China. In this study, six ... ...

    Abstract Prince Rupprecht's Larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.) is one of dominant components of middle and high elevation forests in North China. Shanxi Province is well known as “the Hometown of Prince Rupprecht's Larch” in China. In this study, six natural populations of this species across Shanxi were selected to investigate the genetic variation of the species using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Results showed that in comparison with some other species of Larix, higher genetic diversity was revealed at the species level for L. principis-rupprechtii (percentage of polymorphic loci PPL = 71.9%, Nei's gene diversity HE = 0.225, Shannon information index I = 0.341). Most of genetic variation existed within populations (80.5%), while the genetic differentiation among populations was significant (p < 0.001) and higher (Gst = 0.194) than most other species of Larix. The differentiation can be attributed to the limited gene flow (Nm = 1.035) among populations, which could be due to the spatial isolation and habitat fragmentation. The six populations can be divided into three groups based on the Nei's genetic distances between populations (from 0.033 to 0.076). There was no significant correlation (r = 0.268, p > 0.05) between genetic distance and geographic distance among populations. The measures for in-situ or ex-situ conservation should be taken to preserve the genetic diversity of this species.
    Keywords altitude ; amplified fragment length polymorphism ; ex situ conservation ; forests ; gene flow ; genetic distance ; genetic variation ; habitat fragmentation ; interspecific variation ; Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii ; loci ; species diversity ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-06
    Size p. 71-77.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0305-1978
    DOI 10.1016/j.bse.2013.12.035
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Spatial Dissection of Invasive Front from Tumor Mass Enables Discovery of Novel microRNA Drivers of Glioblastoma Invasion

    Yulun Huang / Lin Qi / Mari Kogiso / Yuchen Du / Frank K. Braun / Huiyuan Zhang / L. Frank Huang / Sophie Xiao / Wan‐Yee Teo / Holly Lindsay / Sibo Zhao / Patricia Baxter / Jack M. F. Su / Adekunle Adesina / Jianhua Yang / Sebastian Brabetz / Marcel Kool / Stefan M. Pfister / Murali Chintagumpala /
    Laszlo Perlaky / Zhong Wang / Youxin Zhou / Tsz‐Kwong Man / Xiao‐Nan Li

    Advanced Science, Vol 8, Iss 23, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Abstract Diffuse invasion is the primary cause of treatment failure of glioblastoma (GBM). Previous studies on GBM invasion have long been forced to use the resected tumor mass cells. Here, a strategy to reliably isolate matching pairs of invasive ( ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Diffuse invasion is the primary cause of treatment failure of glioblastoma (GBM). Previous studies on GBM invasion have long been forced to use the resected tumor mass cells. Here, a strategy to reliably isolate matching pairs of invasive (GBMINV) and tumor core (GBMTC) cells from the brains of 6 highly invasive patient‐derived orthotopic models is described. Direct comparison of these GBMINV and GBMTC cells reveals a significantly elevated invasion capacity in GBMINV cells, detects 23/768 miRNAs over‐expressed in the GBMINV cells (miRNAINV) and 22/768 in the GBMTC cells (miRNATC), respectively. Silencing the top 3 miRNAsINV (miR‐126, miR‐369‐5p, miR‐487b) successfully blocks invasion of GBMINV cells in vitro and in mouse brains. Integrated analysis with mRNA expression identifies miRNAINV target genes and discovers KCNA1 as the sole common computational target gene of which 3 inhibitors significantly suppress invasion in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo treatment with 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP) effectively eliminates GBM invasion and significantly prolongs animal survival times (P = 0.035). The results highlight the power of spatial dissection of functionally accurate GBMINV and GBMTC cells in identifying novel drivers of GBM invasion and provide strong rationale to support the use of biologically accurate starting materials in understanding cancer invasion and metastasis.
    Keywords 4‐aminopyridine ; glioblastoma ; KCNA1 ; miRNA ; patient derived orthotopic xenograft ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Maximizing the potential of aggressive mouse tumor models in preclinical drug testing

    M. Tarek Elghetany / Jia-Min Ho / Lois Hew Shi-Qi / Sekar Karthik / Jack M. F. Su / Qi Lin / YuChen Du / Jianhe Shen / Wing-Yuk Chow / Ching C. Lau / Adekunle Adesina / Angela Major / Anat Erdreich-Epstein / Kam-Man Hui / Xiao-Nan Li / Wan-Yee Teo

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 15

    Abstract: Abstract Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is an aggressive embryonal brain tumor among infants and young children. Two challenges exist for preclinical testing in ATRT. First, genetically quiet, ATRT is a difficult tumor to target molecularly. ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is an aggressive embryonal brain tumor among infants and young children. Two challenges exist for preclinical testing in ATRT. First, genetically quiet, ATRT is a difficult tumor to target molecularly. Tumor cells need to divide to propagate tumor growth—intercepting the common crossroads in cell cycle progression is a feasible strategy. KIF11 is needed for bipolar spindle formation in metaphase. We identified KIF11 as a universal target of all ATRT-molecular-subtypes. Ispinesib, a KIF11-inhibitor, effectively inhibited tumor proliferation in all seven cell lines. A second challenge—a major challenge in preclinical drug testing in-vivo among aggressive tumor models, is the narrow therapeutic window to administer drugs within the limited murine lifespan. Our most aggressive ATRT tumor model was lethal in all mice within ~ 1 month of tumor implantation. Such short-surviving mouse models are difficult to employ for preclinical drug testing due to the narrow time window to administer drugs. To overcome this time restriction, we developed a clinical staging system which allowed physically-fit mice to continue treatment, in contrast to the conventional method of fixed drug-dose-duration regimen in preclinical testing which will not be feasible in such short-surviving mouse models. We validated this approach in a second embryonal brain tumor, medulloblastoma. This is a clinically relevant, cost-efficient approach in preclinical testing for cancer and non-cancer disease phenotypes. Widely used preclinical mouse models are not the most accurate and lack the aggressive tumor spectrum found within a single tumor type. Mice bearing the most aggressive tumor spectrum progress rapidly in the limited murine life-span, resulting in a narrow therapeutic window to administer drugs, and are thus difficult to employ in preclinical testing. Our approach overcomes this challenge. We discovered ispinesib is efficacious against two embryonal brain tumor types.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Epigenetic Alterations of Repeated Relapses in Patient-matched Childhood Ependymomas

    Sibo Zhao / Jia Li / Huiyuan Zhang / Lin Qi / Yuchen Du / Mari Kogiso / Frank K. Braun / Sophie Xiao / Yulun Huang / Jianfang Li / Wan-Yee Teo / Holly Lindsay / Patricia Baxter / Jack M. F. Su / Adekunle Adesina / Miklós Laczik / Paola Genevini / Anne-Clemence Veillard / Sol Schvartzman /
    Geoffrey Berguet / Shi-Rong Ding / Liping Du / Clifford Stephan / Jianhua Yang / Peter J. A. Davies / Xinyan Lu / Murali Chintagumpala / Donald William Parsons / Laszlo Perlaky / Yun-Fei Xia / Tsz-Kwong Man / Yun Huang / Deqiang Sun / Xiao-Nan Li

    Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 16

    Abstract: While recurrence is frequent in ependymoma, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be explored. Here, the authors investigate epigenetic, genetic and tumorigenic changes in 30 patient-matched repeated relapses over 13 years and identify distinct ... ...

    Abstract While recurrence is frequent in ependymoma, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be explored. Here, the authors investigate epigenetic, genetic and tumorigenic changes in 30 patient-matched repeated relapses over 13 years and identify distinct patterns of DNA methylation.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: IL-13 receptors as possible therapeutic targets in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.

    Noah E Berlow / Matthew N Svalina / Michael J Quist / Teagan P Settelmeyer / Viktor Zherebitskiy / Mari Kogiso / Lin Qi / Yuchen Du / Cynthia E Hawkins / Esther Hulleman / Xiao-Nan Li / Sakir H Gultekin / Charles Keller

    PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 4, p e

    2018  Volume 0193565

    Abstract: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a universally fatal childhood cancer of the brain. Despite the introduction of conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, improvements in survival have been marginal and long-term survivorship is uncommon. Thus, ...

    Abstract Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a universally fatal childhood cancer of the brain. Despite the introduction of conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, improvements in survival have been marginal and long-term survivorship is uncommon. Thus, new targets for therapeutics are critically needed. Early phase clinical trials exploring molecularly-targeted therapies against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and novel immunotherapies targeting interleukin receptor-13α2 (IL-13Rα2) have demonstrated activity in this disease. To identify additional therapeutic markers for cell surface receptors, we performed exome sequencing (16 new samples, 22 previously published samples, total 38 with 26 matched normal DNA samples), RNA deep sequencing (17 new samples, 11 previously published samples, total 28 with 18 matched normal RNA samples), and immunohistochemistry (17 DIPG tissue samples) to examine the expression of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) signaling axis components (IL-4, interleukin 13 (IL-13), and their respective receptors IL-4Rα, IL-13Rα1, and IL-13Rα2). In addition, we correlated cytokine and receptor expression with expression of the oncogenes EGFR and c-MET. In DIPG tissues, transcript-level analysis found significant expression of IL-4, IL-13, and IL-13Rα1/2, with strong differential expression of IL-13Rα1/2 in tumor versus normal brain. At the protein level, immunohistochemical studies revealed high content of IL-4 and IL-13Rα1/2 but notably low expression of IL-13. Additionally, a strong positive correlation was observed between c-Met and IL-4Rα. The genomic and transcriptional landscape across all samples was also summarized. These data create a foundation for the design of potential new immunotherapies targeting IL-13 cell surface receptors in DIPG.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Inhibition of Pediatric Glioblastoma Tumor Growth by the Anti-Cancer Agent OKN-007 in Orthotopic Mouse Xenografts.

    Patricia Coutinho de Souza / Samantha Mallory / Nataliya Smith / Debra Saunders / Xiao-Nan Li / Rene Y McNall-Knapp / Kar-Ming Fung / Rheal A Towner

    PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 8, p e

    2015  Volume 0134276

    Abstract: Pediatric glioblastomas (pGBM), although rare, are one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in children, with tumors essentially refractory to existing treatments. Here, we describe the use of conventional and advanced in vivo magnetic ... ...

    Abstract Pediatric glioblastomas (pGBM), although rare, are one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in children, with tumors essentially refractory to existing treatments. Here, we describe the use of conventional and advanced in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to assess a novel orthotopic xenograft pGBM mouse (IC-3752GBM patient-derived culture) model, and to monitor the effects of the anti-cancer agent OKN-007 as an inhibitor of pGBM tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry support data is also presented for cell proliferation and tumor growth signaling. OKN-007 was found to significantly decrease tumor volumes (p<0.05) and increase animal survival (p<0.05) in all OKN-007-treated mice compared to untreated animals. In a responsive cohort of treated animals, OKN-007 was able to significantly decrease tumor volumes (p<0.0001), increase survival (p<0.001), and increase diffusion (p<0.01) and perfusion rates (p<0.05). OKN-007 also significantly reduced lipid tumor metabolism in responsive animals [(Lip1.3 and Lip0.9)-to-creatine ratio (p<0.05)], as well as significantly decrease tumor cell proliferation (p<0.05) and microvessel density (p<0.05). Furthermore, in relationship to the PDGFRα pathway, OKN-007 was able to significantly decrease SULF2 (p<0.05) and PDGFR-α (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α) (p<0.05) immunoexpression, and significantly increase decorin expression (p<0.05) in responsive mice. This study indicates that OKN-007 may be an effective anti-cancer agent for some patients with pGBMs by inhibiting cell proliferation and angiogenesis, possibly via the PDGFRα pathway, and could be considered as an additional therapy for pediatric brain tumor patients.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Convergence of BMI1 and CHD7 on ERK Signaling in Medulloblastoma

    Sara Badodi / Adrian Dubuc / Xinyu Zhang / Gabriel Rosser / Mariane Da Cunha Jaeger / Michelle M. Kameda-Smith / Anca Sorana Morrissy / Paul Guilhamon / Philipp Suetterlin / Xiao-Nan Li / Loredana Guglielmi / Ashirwad Merve / Hamza Farooq / Mathieu Lupien / Sheila K. Singh / M. Albert Basson / Michael D. Taylor / Silvia Marino

    Cell Reports, Vol 21, Iss 10, Pp 2772-

    2017  Volume 2784

    Abstract: Summary: We describe molecular convergence between BMI1 and CHD7 in the initiation of medulloblastoma. Identified in a functional genomic screen in mouse models, a BMI1High;CHD7Low expression signature within medulloblastoma characterizes patients with ... ...

    Abstract Summary: We describe molecular convergence between BMI1 and CHD7 in the initiation of medulloblastoma. Identified in a functional genomic screen in mouse models, a BMI1High;CHD7Low expression signature within medulloblastoma characterizes patients with poor overall survival. We show that BMI1-mediated repression of the ERK1/2 pathway leads to increased proliferation and tumor burden in primary human MB cells and in a xenograft model, respectively. We provide evidence that repression of the ERK inhibitor DUSP4 by BMI1 is dependent on a more accessible chromatin configuration in G4 MB cells with low CHD7 expression. These findings extend current knowledge of the role of BMI1 and CHD7 in medulloblastoma pathogenesis, and they raise the possibility that pharmacological targeting of BMI1 or ERK may be particularly indicated in a subgroup of MB with low expression levels of CHD7. : Badodi et al. find convergence of the chromatin modifiers BMI1 and CHD7 in medulloblastoma pathogenesis, and they show that this pathway regulates tumor proliferation and growth via ERK signaling. Keywords: BMI1, CHD7, DUSP4, ERK, medulloblastoma, PcG genes, mouse models, epigenetics, chromatin
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Crosstalk between medulloblastoma cells and endothelium triggers a strong chemotactic signal recruiting T lymphocytes to the tumor microenvironment.

    Vita S Salsman / Kevin K H Chow / Donald R Shaffer / Huseyin Kadikoy / Xiao-Nan Li / Claudia Gerken / Laszlo Perlaky / Leonid S Metelitsa / Xiuhua Gao / Meena Bhattacharjee / Karen Hirschi / Helen E Heslop / Stephen Gottschalk / Nabil Ahmed

    PLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 5, p e

    2011  Volume 20267

    Abstract: Cancer cells can live and grow if they succeed in creating a favorable niche that often includes elements from the immune system. While T lymphocytes play an important role in the host response to tumor growth, the mechanism of their trafficking to the ... ...

    Abstract Cancer cells can live and grow if they succeed in creating a favorable niche that often includes elements from the immune system. While T lymphocytes play an important role in the host response to tumor growth, the mechanism of their trafficking to the tumor remains poorly understood. We show here that T lymphocytes consistently infiltrate the primary brain cancer, medulloblastoma. We demonstrate, both in vitro and in vivo, that these T lymphocytes are attracted to tumor deposits only after the tumor cells have interacted with tumor vascular endothelium. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)" is the key chemokine molecule secreted by tumor cells which induces the tumor vascular endothelial cells to secrete the potent T lymphocyte attractant "Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted (RANTES)." This in turn creates a chemotactic gradient for RANTES-receptor bearing T lymphocytes. Manipulation of this pathway could have important therapeutic implications.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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