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Article ; Online: Investigation on the basic principles of human-machine contact force, based on screw theory

Xin Zhou / Zhisheng Duan

Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp e13851- (2023)

2023

Abstract: In this paper, to introduce a spatial rigid body mechanics analytical method and start the analysis, the human-machine contact force is equivalent to a spatially rigid body: the mechanism and skin surfaces are equivalent to two different rigid planes, ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, to introduce a spatial rigid body mechanics analytical method and start the analysis, the human-machine contact force is equivalent to a spatially rigid body: the mechanism and skin surfaces are equivalent to two different rigid planes, and the motion between the mechanism and skin surfaces is equivalent to virtual branches motion. By considering the elastic deformation of each virtual branch axis, an equivalent human-machine contact force model is established, along with the deformation coordination equation of each virtual branch. The analytical solution of the tension/compression and the expression of the internal force of each virtual branch are obtained by solving the pseudo inverse and weighted generalized inverse solutions of the human-machine contact force. The physical meaning of the internal force of each virtual branch is also denoted. In addition, this paper contains an experimental platform for testing human-machine contact force, in which the linear stiffness of each branch is evaluated, therefore simulating and verifying the theoretical model introduced above. The contact force model proposed in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the development of human-machine synergetic motion.
Keywords	Human-machine contact force ; Compatibility of deformation ; Internal force ; Parallel mechanism ; Linear stiffness ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	629
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Decoding the Role of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Enhancing Nitrogen Removal from High-Ammonia and Low-C/N Wastewater in a Sequencing Batch Packed-Bed Biofilm Reactor

Zheng Fan / Xin Zhou

Polymers, Vol 15, Iss 1510, p

2023 Volume 1510

Abstract: Although the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) as a viscous high-molecular polymer in biological wastewater treatment has been recognized, in-depth knowledge of how EPSs affect nitrogen removal remains limited in biofilm-based reactors. ... ...

Abstract	Although the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) as a viscous high-molecular polymer in biological wastewater treatment has been recognized, in-depth knowledge of how EPSs affect nitrogen removal remains limited in biofilm-based reactors. Herein, we explored EPS characteristics associated with nitrogen removal from high-ammonia (NH 4 + -N: 300 mg/L) and low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N: 2–3) wastewater in a sequencing batch packed-bed biofilm reactor (SBPBBR) under four different operating scenarios for a total of 112 cycles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed that the distinct physicochemical properties, interface microstructure, and chemical composition of the bio-carrier were conducive to biofilm formation and microbial immobilization and enrichment. Under the optimal conditions (C/N: 3, dissolved oxygen: 1.3 mg/L, and cycle time: 12 h), 88.9% ammonia removal efficiency (ARE) and 81.9% nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) could be achieved in the SBPBBR. Based on visual and SEM observations of the bio-carriers, biofilm development, biomass concentration, and microbial morphology were closely linked with nitrogen removal performance. Moreover, FTIR and three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix (3D-EEM) spectroscopy demonstrated that tightly bound EPSs (TB-EPSs) play a more important role in maintaining the stability of the biofilm. Significant shifts in the number, intensity, and position of fluorescence peaks of EPSs determined different nitrogen removal. More importantly, the high presence of tryptophan proteins and humic acids might promote advanced nitrogen removal. These findings uncover intrinsic correlations between EPSs and nitrogen removal for better controlling and optimizing biofilm reactors.
Keywords	extracellular polymeric substances ; nitrogen removal ; high-ammonia and low-C/N wastewater ; polyurethane foam ; sequencing batch packed-bed biofilm reactor ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Pan-cancer analysis identifies EMC6 as a potential target for lung adenocarcinoma

Xin Zhou / Bowen Xiao / Manman Jiang / Jun Rui

iScience, Vol 27, Iss 1, Pp 108648- (2024)

1481

Abstract: Summary: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex subunit 6 (EMC6) plays an important function in both physiological and pathological states of cells. Nevertheless, there are few studies focused on the role of EMC6 in tumors. At first, we performed ...

Abstract	Summary: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex subunit 6 (EMC6) plays an important function in both physiological and pathological states of cells. Nevertheless, there are few studies focused on the role of EMC6 in tumors. At first, we performed a series of bioinformatics analyses on 33 kinds of cancers, including differential expression analysis, tumor mutational burden analysis, prognostic analysis, and clinicopathological staging analysis. Then, we corroborated the important role of EMC6 in lung cancer by cytological and in vivo experiments. We found that the reduction of EMC6 expression did effectively inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of A549. Finally, EMC6 is indeed involved in the regulation of ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and immune response in LUAD. In a word, our study not only comprehensively analyzed the functional mechanisms of EMC6 in all cancers but also validated the regulatory role of EMC6 in lung cancer for the first time.
Keywords	Molecular biology ; Bioinformatics ; Science ; Q
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Dual trace gas detection using a compact two-channel multipass cell with dense and line spot patterns

Rong Kong / Ningyi Ma / Peng Liu / Xin Zhou

Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp e13677- (2023)

2023

Abstract: A highly sensitive dual-gas sensor based on a two-channel multipass cell (MPC) was designed and developed for simultaneous detection of atmospheric methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) by using two distributed feedback lasers emitting at 1653 nm and ... ...

Abstract	A highly sensitive dual-gas sensor based on a two-channel multipass cell (MPC) was designed and developed for simultaneous detection of atmospheric methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) by using two distributed feedback lasers emitting at 1653 nm and 2004 nm. The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm was applied to intelligently optimize the MPC configuration and accelerate the dual-gas sensor design process. A compact and novel two-channel MPC was used to achieve two optical path lengths of 27.6 m and 2.1 m in a small volume of 233 cm3. Simultaneous measurements of CH4 and CO2 in the atmosphere were performed to demonstrate the stability and robustness of the gas sensor. According to the Allan deviation analysis, the optimal detection precision for CH4 and CO2 was 4.4 ppb at an integration time of 76 s and 437.8 ppb at an integration time of 271 s, respectively. The newly developed dual-gas sensor exhibits superior characteristics of high sensitivity and stability, cost-effectiveness and simple structure, which make it well-suited for multiple trace gas sensing in various applications, including environmental monitoring, safety inspections and clinical diagnosis.
Keywords	Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy ; Dual-gas sensor ; Multipass cell ; Optimization algorithm ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	600 ; 621
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Toad venom-derived bufadienolides and their therapeutic application in prostate cancers

Qingmei Ye / Xin Zhou / Fangxuan Han / Caijuan Zheng

Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol

Current status and future directions

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Specially, the high incidence rate and prevalence of drug resistance have rendered prostate cancer (PCa) a great threat to men’s health. Novel modalities with different structures or mechanisms are ... ...

Abstract	Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Specially, the high incidence rate and prevalence of drug resistance have rendered prostate cancer (PCa) a great threat to men’s health. Novel modalities with different structures or mechanisms are in urgent need to overcome these two challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine toad venom-derived agents (TVAs) have shown to possess versatile bioactivities in treating certain diseases including PCa. In this work, we attempted to have an overview of bufadienolides, the major bioactive components in TVAs, in the treatment of PCa in the past decade, including their derivatives developed by medicinal chemists to antagonize certain drawbacks of bufadienolides such as innate toxic effect to normal cells. Generally, bufadienolides can effectively induce apoptosis and suppress PCa cells in-vitro and in-vivo, majorly mediated by regulating certain microRNAs/long non-coding RNAs, or by modulating key pro-survival and pro-metastasis players in PCa. Importantly, critical obstacles and challenges using TVAs will be discussed and possible solutions and future perspectives will also be presented in this review. Further in-depth studies are clearly needed to decipher the mechanisms, e.g., targets and pathways, toxic effects and fully reveal their application. The information collected in this work may help evoke more effects in developing bufadienolides as therapeutic agents in PCa.
Keywords	toad venom-derived bufadienolides ; therapeutic application ; prostate cancers ; current status ; future directions ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Ion Separation Together with Water Purification via a New Type of Nanotube

Jiao Shi / Xin Zhou / Pan Jia / Kun Cai

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 6677, p

A Molecular Dynamics Study

2023 Volume 6677

Abstract: We propose a CNT-based concentric twin tube (CTT) as nanochannels for both water purification and ion separation at the nanoscale. In the model, a source reservoir dealing with the solution connects three containers via the CTT that has three subchannels ...

Abstract	We propose a CNT-based concentric twin tube (CTT) as nanochannels for both water purification and ion separation at the nanoscale. In the model, a source reservoir dealing with the solution connects three containers via the CTT that has three subchannels for mass transfer. Before entering the three subchannels, the solution in the separating zone will form three layers (the aqua cations, water, and the aqua anions, respectively) by applying a charged capacitor with the two electrodes parallel to the flow direction of the solution. Under an electric field with moderate intensity, the three subchannels in the CTT have stable configurations for mass transfer. Since the water and the two types of aqua ions are collected by three different containers, the present model can realize both ion separation and water purification. The mass transfer in the subchannels will be sped up by an external pressure exerted on the solution in the source reservoir. The physical properties of the model, e.g., water purification speed, are analyzed with respect to the effects of the electric field, the size of CTT, and the concentration of solute, such as NaCl.
Keywords	capacitive deionization ; carbon nanotube ; concentric twin tube ; nanochannel ; molecular dynamics ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	541
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Study on Carbon Emission Measurement in Building Materialization Stage

Shengdong Cheng / Xin Zhou / Huan Zhou

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 5717, p

2023 Volume 5717

Abstract: The construction industry plays a pivotal role in energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct research on quantifying carbon emissions in this industry to accelerate the establishment of a standardized ... ...

Abstract	The construction industry plays a pivotal role in energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct research on quantifying carbon emissions in this industry to accelerate the establishment of a standardized carbon emission accounting system and achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. In this study, the focus is on the building materialization stage, and a carbon emission accounting system is established using the carbon emission factor method. This system is applied to calculate the carbon emissions of 15 residential buildings in Shaanxi Province. Results indicate that the carbon concentration during the materialization stage ranges from 372.43 kgCO 2 /m 2 to 525.88 kgCO 2 /m 2 , and the building material production stage accounts for 94.27% of the total emissions. Additionally, by analyzing the carbon emission composition of the sample buildings, the primary factors that influence carbon emissions during the residential building materialization stage are identified, and corresponding carbon reduction strategies are proposed. The sensitivity coefficients of carbon reduction strategies vary significantly across different stages, with the building material production stage exhibiting the highest sensitivity coefficient. Thus, it is imperative to prioritize carbon reduction strategies that target the building material production stage.
Keywords	building materialization stage ; carbon emissions ; carbon reduction strategy ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: China’s Embodied Copper Flow from the Demand-Side and Production-Side Perspectives

Shaoqiang Ma / Min Fang / Xin Zhou

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 2199, p

2023 Volume 2199

Abstract: Copper is a critical mineral resource and plays a crucial role in social and economic development. In China, the world’s largest copper consumer, copper footprints and embodied copper transfers among sectors have not been studied sufficiently. Combing an ...

Abstract	Copper is a critical mineral resource and plays a crucial role in social and economic development. In China, the world’s largest copper consumer, copper footprints and embodied copper transfers among sectors have not been studied sufficiently. Combing an environmentally extended input-output model and complex network method, this paper systematically analyzes China’s copper consumption embodied in the final demand and the production process. The research shows that (1) from the perspective of the final demand, the Construction sector is the largest driver of copper consumption, contributing 3.27 Mt in 2020, followed by the Manufacture of General Purpose Machinery sector (1.31 Mt). (2) Structural path analysis (SPA) shows that mainly the Construction sector drives copper consumption from the Production and Distribution of Electric Power and Heat Power sector, followed by the Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products sector, and so on. Conversely, the Production and Distribution of Electric Power and Heat Power sector is the main initial sector in the supply chain, driven by the Construction sector, the Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products sector, the Smelting and Processing of Metals sector, and so on. (3) From the perspective of production, the Transport, Storage, and Postal Services sector is an important transfer station transforming resources from the upstream sectors to the downstream sectors along with the transfers of embodied copper. The Production and Distribution of Electric Power and Heat Power sector is an important supplier for the downstream sectors. The Construction sector is an important consumer for the upstream sectors. The sectors including the Smelting and Processing of Metals sector, the Manufacture of Chemical Products sector and the Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products sector function well as transformers, suppliers and consumers in the process of embodied copper transfers. (4) From the perspective of production, the embodied copper flow system can be divided into four ...
Keywords	embodied flow ; copper ; input-output ; complex network ; China ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Investigation of the Mechanism of Action of Periploca forrestii Schltr. Extract on Adjuvant Collagen Rats Based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS Non-Targeted Lipidomics

Silan An / Xiaoting Yan / Huaguo Chen / Xin Zhou

Molecules, Vol 28, Iss 6751, p

2023 Volume 6751

Abstract: Periploca forrestii Schltr. ( P. forrestii ) is a classical medicinal plant and is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, soft tissue injuries, and traumatic injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ... ...

Abstract	Periploca forrestii Schltr. ( P. forrestii ) is a classical medicinal plant and is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, soft tissue injuries, and traumatic injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of three fractions of P. forrestii alcoholic extracts (PAE), P. forrestii water extracts (PWE), and total flavonoids from P. forrestii (PTF) on Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis in rats, and to use a non-targeted lipidomic method to investigate the mechanism of action of the three fractions of P. forrestii in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. To assess the effectiveness of anti-rheumatoid arthritis, various indicators were measured, including joint swelling, histopathological changes in the joints, serum cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6)), and the joint inflammatory substance prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Finally, ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole-orbitrap–high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS) was used to determine the non-targeted lipid histology of the collected rat serum and urine samples to investigate the possible mechanism of action. PWE, PAE, and PTF were all effective in treating FCA-induced rheumatoid arthritis. The administered groups all reduced joint swelling and lowered serum inflammatory factor levels in rats. In the screening of lipid metabolite differences between serum and urine of the rat model group and the normal group, a total of 52 different metabolites were screened, and the levels of lipid metabolites in PWE, PAE, and PTF were significantly higher than those in the normal group after administration. In addition, PWE, PAE, and PTF may have significant therapeutic effects on FCA-induced arthritis by modulating nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and histidine metabolic pathways.
Keywords	rheumatoid arthritis ; Periploca forrestii Schltr ; non-targeted lipidomics ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Differentiating induced versus spontaneous subduction initiation using thermomechanical models and metamorphic soles

Xin Zhou / Ikuko Wada

Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 10

Abstract: The mechanism of subduction initiation is a key to modern plate tectonics. Here, using numerical modeling and geological observations, the authors find that the majority of active and paleo subduction zones with metamorphic soles likely formed during ... ...

Abstract	The mechanism of subduction initiation is a key to modern plate tectonics. Here, using numerical modeling and geological observations, the authors find that the majority of active and paleo subduction zones with metamorphic soles likely formed during induced subduction initiation that involved a young overriding plate.
Keywords	Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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