Article ; Online: In-sample stability and postsampling analysis of 21 illicit drugs, their metabolites and cotinine in wastewater
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 270, Iss , Pp 115900- (2024)
2024
Abstract: A thorough understanding of the degradation of chemical biomarkers in wastewater after the sampling is critical in the surveillance of illicit drug use based on the back-calculation technique. Herein, three temperatures, eight groups of matrices, and ... ...
| Abstract | A thorough understanding of the degradation of chemical biomarkers in wastewater after the sampling is critical in the surveillance of illicit drug use based on the back-calculation technique. Herein, three temperatures, eight groups of matrices, and acidification were applied to simulate the preservation condition of 21 illicit drugs, their metabolites, and cotinine for a 240-day stability study. It was proved that the temperature, matrices, and acidification play vital roles in their stability in wastewater. Most of them demonstrated high stability (transformation rates < 20%) during room temperature for 45 days, and the transformation rates decreased while the storage temperature reduced. The stability of the target compounds such as cocaine (COC), 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), and amphetamine (AM) is influenced by matrices. Acidification prevented the majority of analytes from transforming, making it a feasible solution for preservation after sampling. A model that combined the effects of temperature and matrix was developed to back-calculate the concentration of target compounds during the postsampling process. The feasibility of this model was validated by correcting the loss of COC and 6-MAM from 24.2% and 16.2% to 2.98% and 2.77%. This study simulated a typical large-scale sampling and storage scenario. The effect of the temperature, pH, and matrix on in-sample stability and the postsampling analysis of selected target compounds was investigated for the first time in this study. |
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| Keywords | Wastewater ; Matrix ; Postsampling Analysis ; Stability ; Illicit Drugs ; Online-SPE-UPLC3MS/MS ; Environmental pollution ; TD172-193.5 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 |
| Subject code | 500 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Document type | Article ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
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