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Article ; Online: JiaGaSongTang improves chronic cholestasis via enhancing FXR-mediated bile acid metabolism.

He, Xiaoliang / Zhou, Yingya / Yu, Jingtao / Huang, Qinpo / Chen, Zhengyuan / Xiao, Ru / Liu, Changhui / Gui, Shuhua / Xiong, Tianqin

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

2024 Volume 128, Page(s) 155347

Abstract: Background: Bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation disorders are a main feature of chronic cholestatic diseases. Promoting BA metabolism is thus a potential method of improving enterohepatic circulation disorders, and treat enterohepatic inflammation, ...

Abstract	Background: Bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation disorders are a main feature of chronic cholestatic diseases. Promoting BA metabolism is thus a potential method of improving enterohepatic circulation disorders, and treat enterohepatic inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis due to cholestasis. Purpose: To investigate the effect of JiaGaSongTang (JGST) and its blood-absorbed ingredient 6-gingerol on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced chronic cholestasis, as well as elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanism. Methods: Chronic cholestasis was induced in mice via subcutaneous injection of ANIT (50 mg/kg) every other day for 14 d. Treatment groups were administered JGST orally daily. Damage to the liver and intestine was observed using histopathological techniques. Biochemical techniques were employed to assess total BA (TBA) levels in the serum, liver, and ileum samples. Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyze fecal BA components. Bioinformatic methods were adopted to screen the core targets and pathways. The blood-absorbed ingredients of JGST were scrutinized via LC-MS/MS. The effects of the major JGST ingredients on farnesoid X receptor (FXR) transactivation were validated using dual luciferase reporter genes. Lastly, the effects of the FXR inhibitor, DY268, on JGST and 6-gingerol pharmacodynamics were observed at the cellular and animal levels. Results: JGST ameliorated pathological impairments in the liver and intestine, diminishing TBA levels in the serum, liver and gut. Fecal BA profiling revealed that JGST enhanced the excretion of toxic BA constituents, including deoxycholic acid. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that JGST engaged in anti-inflammatory mechanisms, attenuating collagen accumulation, and orchestrating BA metabolism via interactions with FXR and other pertinent targets. LC-MS/MS analysis identified six ingredients absorbed to the bloodstream, including 6-gingerol. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and dual luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed the abilities of 6-gingerol to bind to FXR and activate its transactivation. Ultimately, in both cellular and animal models, the therapeutic efficacy of JGST and 6-gingerol in chronic cholestasis was attenuated in the presence of FXR inhibitors. Conclusion: The findings, for the first time, demonstrated that 6-gingerol, a blood-absorbed ingredient of JGST, can activate FXR to affect BA metabolism, and thereby attenuate ANIT-induced liver and intestinal injury in chronic cholestasis mice model via inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver fibrosis, in part in a FXR-dependent mechanism.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155347
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Article: SanWeiGanJiang San relieves liver injury via Nrf2/Bach1

Chen, Zhengyuan / Li, Na / Liao, JiaYi / Luo, Xia / Sang, Chuanlan / Song, Chenglin / Xiong, Tianqin / Zhao, Yumin

Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2020 Apr. 06, v. 251

2020

Abstract: San Wei Gan jiang San (SWGJS) also called Jia Ga Song Tang, is widely used in ancient medicine for liver diseases.To identify the blood components of SWGJS. To determine the hepatoprotective effect and the mechanism of SWGJS by observing its effect on ... ...

Abstract	San Wei Gan jiang San (SWGJS) also called Jia Ga Song Tang, is widely used in ancient medicine for liver diseases.To identify the blood components of SWGJS. To determine the hepatoprotective effect and the mechanism of SWGJS by observing its effect on different degrees of liver damage and gene knockdown cells.SWGJS treated serum was analyzed by UPLC-MS to identify blood components. CCl4-induced chronic liver injury in rats was treated with SWGJS. The viscera index was calculated. Pathological changes of the liver were determined by HE staining and analysis of by following: GSH-Px and MDA in liver homogenate; ALT and AST in serum; mRNA expression of Nrf2, Bach1, and HO-1 by RT-PCR; Nrf2 and Bach1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm; HO-1 total expression by Western blot; silencing Nrf2 and Bach1 in human L-02 cells by siRNA; MDA, GSH-Px, GST, and GR in cell supernatants; and GSH/GSSG within the cell.We found that 6-gingerol was one of the blood components in the serum treated with SWGJS. In CCl4-induced chronic liver injury in rats, SWGJS repaired the liver structure in the early stages of liver damage as evidenced by reduced ALT and AST in the serum, increased GSH-Px activity and decreased MDA levels in the liver over time. SWGJS has excellent antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects and prevents disease progression. The mechanism of SWGJS is related to the dynamics promoting Nrf2 entry to the nucleus and Bach1 exit from the nucleus. In L-02 cells with silenced Nrf2, the antioxidant enzyme system was disordered, and the change in the cellular redox state was not conducive to antioxidative stress. However, in cells with silenced Bach1, the antioxidant enzyme system could be activated to promote cellular antioxidant stress. SWGJS had a combined effect on Nrf2 and Bach1 contributing to antioxidant properties and liver protection. SWGJS increased GSH-Px and HO-1, decreased MDA and increased the ratio of GSH/GSSG by upregulating the expression of Nrf2 to enhance its antioxidant effects. At the same time, SWGJS had a specific impact on decreasing Bach1. Its elevation of GST is due to the overall performance of increasing Nrf2 and decreasing Bach1. This mechanism of action embodies the characteristics of the multitarget impact of traditional medicine and the antioxidation effect of SWGJS.6-Gingerol is one of the blood components of SWGJS. SWGJS can regulate antioxidant enzymes, protect against liver damage in different stages, and slow the progression of liver cell damage and liver disease by increasing Nrf2 and reducing Bach1 in the nucleus, dynamically regulating Nrf2/Bach1.
Keywords	alanine transaminase ; antioxidant activity ; antioxidant enzymes ; aspartate transaminase ; blood serum ; cytoplasm ; disease progression ; enzyme activity ; gene expression ; gene targeting ; glutathione peroxidase ; hepatocytes ; hepatoprotective effect ; liver ; liver diseases ; mass spectrometry ; mechanism of action ; messenger RNA ; rats ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; small interfering RNA ; staining ; traditional medicine ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; Western blotting
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0406
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	134511-4
ISSN	1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
ISSN (online)	1872-7573
ISSN	0378-8741
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2019.112445
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Modification effects of SanWei GanJiang Powder on liver and intestinal damage through reversing bile acid homeostasis.

Li, Na / Wang, Bijun / Wu, Yuhuan / Luo, Xia / Chen, Zhengyuan / Sang, Chuanlan / Xiong, Tianqin

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

2019 Volume 116, Page(s) 109044

Abstract: Background: Sanwei Ganjiang Powder (SWGJ), derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has long demonstrated its effectiveness in long-term liver damage therapy. Recent studies indicated that it can also regulate the intestinal tract, although the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Sanwei Ganjiang Powder (SWGJ), derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has long demonstrated its effectiveness in long-term liver damage therapy. Recent studies indicated that it can also regulate the intestinal tract, although the underlying molecular mechanisms of this remain mysterious. The aim of the study is to investigate the mechanisms of SWGJ against dysbacteriosis and carbon tetrachloride (CCl Methods: To observe the regulatory effects of SWGJ on Liver and Intestinal Damage, we explored two animal models. In model 1, sixty BALB/c mice were subjected to oral gavage with 12 g/kg of ceftriaxone sodium for 10d; during this time, SWGJ, bifendate and bifico were sequentially administered over 7d. In model 2, the model of chronic liver injury was induced by subcutaneous injection of 40% CCl Results: In model 1, SWGJ significantly decreased the activity of inflammatory cytokines and LPS compared with the ceftriaxone sodium group. In addition, SWGJ improved symptoms of intestinal flora imbalance; further, ZO-1 and occludin in the cytoplasm of intestinal villus epithelial cells was increased, and the histopathology of the ileum was improved. Notably, the expression of ALT and AST was significant increased, and disordered hepatic lobule structures were clearly observed in liver histopathology in model group; SWGJ can significantly improve these changes. Furthermore, the levels of proteins related to bile acid synthesis, such as CYP7A1, were significantly upregulated in the SWGJ group compared with the model, and proteins related to excretion and reabsorption, such as NTCP, Mrp2 and BESP, were also upregulated. Importantly, SWGJ increased the nuclear expression of nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). Similar results appeared in model 2. Conclusion: This study suggests that SWGJ may elicit significant effects on the treatment of gut-liver axis damage, potential mechanisms at least partially involve bile acid enterohepatic, and increasing of the nuclear Nrf2 levels.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Cell Nucleus/drug effects ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Enterohepatic Circulation/drug effects ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; Homeostasis/drug effects ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects ; Intestines/drug effects ; Intestines/microbiology ; Intestines/pathology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Liver/drug effects ; Liver/pathology ; Liver/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Rats
Chemical Substances	Bile Acids and Salts ; Cytokines ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Inflammation Mediators ; Lipopolysaccharides ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Nfe2l2 protein, mouse
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-04
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392415-4
ISSN	1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
ISSN (online)	1950-6007
ISSN	0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109044
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Article: Jia-ga-song-tang protection against alcoholic liver and intestinal damage.

Fang, Jiamin / Wu, Yuhuan / Gan, Changlian / Ruan, Shufang / He, Xiaoliang / Wang, Bixia / Wang, Ying / Yu, Jingtao / Sang, Chuanlan / Zeren, Dawa / Xiong, Tianqin

Frontiers in pharmacology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 981706

Abstract: Gut-liver axis and cellular homeostasis play key roles in alcohol liver disease (ALD). Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a stress-sensitive guarantor of cellular homeostasis. We investigated whether the beneficial effects and ... ...

Abstract	Gut-liver axis and cellular homeostasis play key roles in alcohol liver disease (ALD). Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a stress-sensitive guarantor of cellular homeostasis. We investigated whether the beneficial effects and underlying mechanisms of Jia-ga-song Tang (JGST) against ALD were associated with gut-liver axis and cellular homeostasis. A predictive network depicting the relationship between Jia-Ga-Song-Tang (JGST) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was designed by Network pharmacology. Next, 5% v/v Lieber-DeCarli alcohol liquid diet was used to establish the ALD. JGST protected the liver damage, repaired the intestines to alleviate the Two-hit on the liver, and balanced the cellular homeostasis. It was manifested in repairing the liver and intestinal pathological structure, reducing serum ALT, AST, and liver TG, TC, MDA, CAT, and increasing liver GSH, and intestine GSH-Px. JGST mainly inhibited the liver mRNA levels of HO-1, NQO1, GCLC, FASN, and PPARα and activated the intestinal mRNA levels of HO-1 and NQO1, while inhibiting the liver protein levels of HO-1, NQO1. Furthermore, LPS and LBP in the plasma and the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, TGFβ1, CD14, and Myd88 were reduced after treatment to prove that JGST protects the liver from Two-hit. Ethanol was used to intervene in HepG2 and IEC-6 to establish an ALD cell model and treated by Germacrone, ML385, and TBHQ. repaired the intestinal barrier, and inhibited Nrf2 in IEC-6, but protect the HepG2 by activating Nrf2 to balance cellular homeostasis. Our results reinforce that JGST provides an effective protective method for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) by regulating Gut-liver axis and cellular homeostasis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2022.981706
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Article ; Online: Hepatic dysfunction induced by intestinal dysbacteriosis mainly manifests as immunologic abnormity in mice.

Luo, Xia / Xu, Bo / Xiong, Tianqin / Su, Yulin / Liu, Chang / Ye, Yuanmei / Ou, Mingming / Zhou, Lian

Pathogens and disease

2020 Volume 78, Issue 6

Abstract: Currently, the potential role of the alterations occurring in the liver immune system and intestinal flora in liver injury remains unknown. Our study aimed to explore the impacts of intestinal microbial barrier damage induced by ceftriaxone on liver ... ...

Abstract	Currently, the potential role of the alterations occurring in the liver immune system and intestinal flora in liver injury remains unknown. Our study aimed to explore the impacts of intestinal microbial barrier damage induced by ceftriaxone on liver immunity. We developed the BALB/c mice model by administering ceftriaxone. The intestinal microbial barrier damage was observed by 16S rRNA, and the pathological changes of intestines and livers were detected by H&E or transmission electron microscope. The activation of immunocytes were tested by Flow Cytometry; the expression of LPS, ALT, AST, IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by Limulus Test or ELISA. Compared to the control, the intestinal microbes significantly decreased in ceftriaxone group. Additionally, the weight of cecum contents increased, the intestinal wall became thinner and the villus in the small intestine and cecum were damaged. The expression of LPS and the ratio of liver lymphocytes were significantly increased. H&E results indicated the structures of liver arose the pathologic changes. Meanwhile, the content of serum ALT, AST, IL-6 and TNF-α increased. Collectively, our study indicates that the damages of gut microbial barrier induced by ceftriaxone prompted activation of immunocytes and release of inflammatory cytokines, which may lead to chronic inflammation in liver.
MeSH term(s)	Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood ; Cecum/immunology ; Cecum/pathology ; Ceftriaxone ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dysbiosis/chemically induced ; Dysbiosis/immunology ; Dysbiosis/pathology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Host Microbial Interactions ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology ; Intestinal Mucosa/pathology ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Liver/immunology ; Liver/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Lipopolysaccharides ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629) ; Aspartate Aminotransferases (EC 2.6.1.1) ; Alanine Transaminase (EC 2.6.1.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2049-632X
ISSN (online)	2049-632X
DOI	10.1093/femspd/ftaa041
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Article ; Online: SanWeiGanJiang San relieves liver injury via Nrf2/Bach1.

Chen, Zhengyuan / Zhao, Yumin / Song, Chenglin / Li, Na / Liao, JiaYi / Luo, Xia / Sang, Chuanlan / Xiong, Tianqin

Journal of ethnopharmacology

2019 Volume 251, Page(s) 112445

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: San Wei Gan jiang San (SWGJS) also called Jia Ga Song Tang, is widely used in ancient medicine for liver diseases.: The aim of this study: To identify the blood components of SWGJS. To determine the hepatoprotective ... ...

Abstract	Ethnopharmacological relevance: San Wei Gan jiang San (SWGJS) also called Jia Ga Song Tang, is widely used in ancient medicine for liver diseases. The aim of this study: To identify the blood components of SWGJS. To determine the hepatoprotective effect and the mechanism of SWGJS by observing its effect on different degrees of liver damage and gene knockdown cells. Materials and methods: SWGJS treated serum was analyzed by UPLC-MS to identify blood components. CCl4-induced chronic liver injury in rats was treated with SWGJS. The viscera index was calculated. Pathological changes of the liver were determined by HE staining and analysis of by following: GSH-Px and MDA in liver homogenate; ALT and AST in serum; mRNA expression of Nrf2, Bach1, and HO-1 by RT-PCR; Nrf2 and Bach1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm; HO-1 total expression by Western blot; silencing Nrf2 and Bach1 in human L-02 cells by siRNA; MDA, GSH-Px, GST, and GR in cell supernatants; and GSH/GSSG within the cell. Results: We found that 6-gingerol was one of the blood components in the serum treated with SWGJS. In CCl4-induced chronic liver injury in rats, SWGJS repaired the liver structure in the early stages of liver damage as evidenced by reduced ALT and AST in the serum, increased GSH-Px activity and decreased MDA levels in the liver over time. SWGJS has excellent antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects and prevents disease progression. The mechanism of SWGJS is related to the dynamics promoting Nrf2 entry to the nucleus and Bach1 exit from the nucleus. In L-02 cells with silenced Nrf2, the antioxidant enzyme system was disordered, and the change in the cellular redox state was not conducive to antioxidative stress. However, in cells with silenced Bach1, the antioxidant enzyme system could be activated to promote cellular antioxidant stress. SWGJS had a combined effect on Nrf2 and Bach1 contributing to antioxidant properties and liver protection. SWGJS increased GSH-Px and HO-1, decreased MDA and increased the ratio of GSH/GSSG by upregulating the expression of Nrf2 to enhance its antioxidant effects. At the same time, SWGJS had a specific impact on decreasing Bach1. Its elevation of GST is due to the overall performance of increasing Nrf2 and decreasing Bach1. This mechanism of action embodies the characteristics of the multitarget impact of traditional medicine and the antioxidation effect of SWGJS. Conclusions: 6-Gingerol is one of the blood components of SWGJS. SWGJS can regulate antioxidant enzymes, protect against liver damage in different stages, and slow the progression of liver cell damage and liver disease by increasing Nrf2 and reducing Bach1 in the nucleus, dynamically regulating Nrf2/Bach1.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/drug therapy ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/genetics ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/metabolism ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/genetics ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/metabolism ; Liver/drug effects ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/pathology ; Male ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Chemical Substances	Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Nfe2l2 protein, rat ; Carbon Tetrachloride (CL2T97X0V0) ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) (EC 1.14.14.18) ; Hmox1 protein, rat (EC 1.14.14.18)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-01
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	134511-4
ISSN	1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
ISSN (online)	1872-7573
ISSN	0378-8741
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2019.112445
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Article ; Online: Intrahepatic cholestasis induced by α-naphthylisothiocyanate can cause gut-liver axis disorders.

Chen, Zhengyuan / Wu, Yuhuan / Wang, Bixia / Fang, Jiamin / Gan, Changlian / Sang, Chuanlan / Dun, Zhu / Luosang, Tajie / Wang, Qing / Zeren, Dawa / Xiong, Tianqin

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

2021 Volume 86, Page(s) 103672

Abstract: Clinical studies have shown that Intrahepatic cholestasis is closely related to intestinal injury. The gut-liver axis theory suggests that the intestine and liver are closely related, and that bile acids are important mediators linking the intestine and ... ...

Abstract	Clinical studies have shown that Intrahepatic cholestasis is closely related to intestinal injury. The gut-liver axis theory suggests that the intestine and liver are closely related, and that bile acids are important mediators linking the intestine and liver. We compared two cholestasis models: a single injection model that received a single subcutaneous ANIT injection (75 mg/kg), and a multiple subcutaneous injection model that received an injection of ANIT (50 mg/kg) every other day for 2 weeks. We used Transmetil (ademetionine 1,4-butanedisulfonate) to relieve intrahepatic cholestasis in the multiple injection group. In the multiple injection group, we found increased hepatic bile duct hyperplasia, increased fibrosis of the liver, increased small intestine inflammation and oxidative damage, increased harmful bile acids, decreased bile acids transporter levels. After treatment with Transmetil, the liver and gut injuries were relieved. These results suggest that intrahepatic cholestasis can cause disorders of the gut-liver axis.
MeSH term(s)	1-Naphthylisothiocyanate ; Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/analysis ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/chemically induced ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/genetics ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/pathology ; Cytokines/genetics ; Feces/chemistry ; Intestinal Diseases/chemically induced ; Intestinal Diseases/genetics ; Intestinal Diseases/pathology ; Intestine, Small/drug effects ; Intestine, Small/metabolism ; Intestine, Small/pathology ; Liver/drug effects ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis/chemically induced ; Liver Cirrhosis/genetics ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice
Chemical Substances	Bile Acids and Salts ; Cytokines ; 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate (551-06-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1318302-3
ISSN	1872-7077 ; 1382-6689
ISSN (online)	1872-7077
ISSN	1382-6689
DOI	10.1016/j.etap.2021.103672
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Article ; Online: Antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory effects of DHK‑medicated serum on high glucose‑induced injury in endothelial cells.

Zhang, Ziyang / Chen, Wenpei / Wang, Yandong / Xiong, Tianqin / Zhou, Chenghao / Yao, Xiaolan / Lin, Baoqin

Molecular medicine reports

2017 Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) 7745–7751

Abstract: It has been shown that oxidative damage and inflammation caused by hyperglycemia in endothelial cells are key factors triggering diabetic vascular complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory ... ...

Abstract	It has been shown that oxidative damage and inflammation caused by hyperglycemia in endothelial cells are key factors triggering diabetic vascular complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory effects of Danhong Huayu Koufuye (DHK)‑medicated serum on high glucose (HG)‑induced injury in endothelial cells, and examine its underlying mechanisms. EA. hy926 cells were treated with normal glucose, HG, or HG with DHK‑medicated serum. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT method. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured using the 2',7'‑dichlorodihydrofluorescein method. Cell culture supernatant was collected for detecting the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). The protein expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule‑1 (ICAM‑1), nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB), hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined using western blot analysis. The results revealed that DHK‑medicated serum accelerated the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of cells treated with HG (P<0.01) in a dose‑dependent manner. Compared with the HG group, the high levels of ROS and MDA were significantly reduced by DHK‑medicated serum (P<0.01). A 10% concentration of DHK‑medicated serum increased the activities of SOD and GPx by 59.4 and 95.5%, respectively. The high protein expression levels of ICAM‑1, NF‑κB, VEGF and HIF‑1α were significantly ameliorated by DHK‑medicated serum (P<0.01, vs. HG group). These findings indicated that DHK‑medicated serum protected EA. hy926 cells from HG‑induced injury and apoptosis through antioxidation and anti‑inflammatory effects.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1791-3004
ISSN (online)	1791-3004
DOI	10.3892/mmr.2017.7571
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Article ; Online: Triterpenoids with Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity from the Roots of Ilex pubescens.

Tan, Qinglong / Qiu, Maosong / Cao, Di / Xiong, Tianqin / Zhang, Lei / Zhou, Lian / Rong, Li / Zhou, Jinsong / Jin, Jing / Zhao, Zhongxiang

Planta medica

2017 Volume 83, Issue 9, Page(s) 797–804

Abstract: Two new triterpenes and five new triterpene saponins, named ilexpusons A-G ( ...

Abstract	Two new triterpenes and five new triterpene saponins, named ilexpusons A-G (
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123545-x
ISSN	1439-0221 ; 0032-0943
ISSN (online)	1439-0221
ISSN	0032-0943
DOI	10.1055/s-0042-123708
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Article ; Online: Systems pharmacology-based investigation of Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription: related mechanisms in liver injury.

Luo, Yun-Xia / Wang, Xin-Yue / Huang, Yu-Jie / Fang, Shu-Huan / Wu, Jun / Zhang, Yong-Bin / Xiong, Tian-Qin / Yang, Cong / Shen, Jian-Gang / Sang, Chuan-Lan / Wang, Qi / Fang, Jian-Song

Chinese journal of natural medicines

2018 Volume 16, Issue 10, Page(s) 756–765

Abstract: Liver injury remains a significant global health problem and has a variety of causes, including oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and apoptosis of liver cells. There is currently no curative therapy for this disorder. Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription ( ... ...

Abstract	Liver injury remains a significant global health problem and has a variety of causes, including oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and apoptosis of liver cells. There is currently no curative therapy for this disorder. Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription (SWGJP), derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has shown its effectiveness in long-term liver damage therapy, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. To explore the underlining mechanisms of action for SWGJP in liver injury from a holistic view, in the present study, a systems pharmacology approach was developed, which involved drug target identification and multilevel data integration analysis. Using a comprehensive systems approach, we identified 43 candidate compounds in SWGJP and 408 corresponding potential targets. We further deciphered the mechanisms of SWGJP in treating liver injury, including compound-target network analysis, target-function network analysis, and integrated pathways analysis. We deduced that SWGJP may protect hepatocytes through several functional modules involved in liver injury integrated-pathway, such as Nrf2-dependent anti-oxidative stress module. Notably, systems pharmacology provides an alternative way to investigate the complex action mode of TCM.
MeSH term(s)	Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Hepatocytes/drug effects ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Liver/drug effects ; Liver/injuries ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver Diseases/drug therapy ; Liver Diseases/genetics ; Liver Diseases/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-16
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2192577-X
ISSN	1875-5364 ; 2095-6975 ; 1672-3651
ISSN (online)	1875-5364
ISSN	2095-6975 ; 1672-3651
DOI	10.1016/S1875-5364(18)30115-8
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