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  1. Article: Evolution of Avian Eye Size Is Associated with Habitat Openness, Food Type and Brain Size.

    Liu, Yating / Jiang, Ying / Xu, Jiliang / Liao, Wenbo

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 10

    Abstract: The eye is the primary sensory organ that obtains information from the ecological environments and specifically bridges the brain with the extra environment. However, the coevolutionary relationships between eye size and ecological factors, behaviours ... ...

    Abstract The eye is the primary sensory organ that obtains information from the ecological environments and specifically bridges the brain with the extra environment. However, the coevolutionary relationships between eye size and ecological factors, behaviours and brain size in birds remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate whether eye size evolution is associated with ecological factors (e.g., habitat openness, food type and foraging habitat), behaviours (e.g., migration and activity pattern) and brain size among 1274 avian species using phylogenetically controlled comparative analyses. Our results indicate that avian eye size is significantly associated with habitat openness, food type and brain size. Species living in dense habitats and consuming animals exhibit larger eye sizes compared to species living in open habitats and consuming plants, respectively. Large-brained birds tend to possess larger eyes. However, migration, foraging habitat and activity pattern were not found to be significantly associated with eye size in birds, except for nocturnal birds having longer axial lengths than diurnal ones. Collectively, our results suggest that avian eye size is primarily influenced by light availability, food need and cognitive ability.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani13101675
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Evolution of Avian Eye Size Is Associated with Habitat Openness, Food Type and Brain Size

    Liu, Yating / Jiang, Ying / Xu, Jiliang / Liao, Wenbo

    Animals. 2023 May 18, v. 13, no. 10

    2023  

    Abstract: The eye is the primary sensory organ that obtains information from the ecological environments and specifically bridges the brain with the extra environment. However, the coevolutionary relationships between eye size and ecological factors, behaviours ... ...

    Abstract The eye is the primary sensory organ that obtains information from the ecological environments and specifically bridges the brain with the extra environment. However, the coevolutionary relationships between eye size and ecological factors, behaviours and brain size in birds remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate whether eye size evolution is associated with ecological factors (e.g., habitat openness, food type and foraging habitat), behaviours (e.g., migration and activity pattern) and brain size among 1274 avian species using phylogenetically controlled comparative analyses. Our results indicate that avian eye size is significantly associated with habitat openness, food type and brain size. Species living in dense habitats and consuming animals exhibit larger eye sizes compared to species living in open habitats and consuming plants, respectively. Large-brained birds tend to possess larger eyes. However, migration, foraging habitat and activity pattern were not found to be significantly associated with eye size in birds, except for nocturnal birds having longer axial lengths than diurnal ones. Collectively, our results suggest that avian eye size is primarily influenced by light availability, food need and cognitive ability.
    Keywords birds ; brain ; cognition ; eyes ; habitats ; phylogeny
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0518
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani13101675
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Nesting Habitat Selection and Suitable Breeding Habitat of Blue-Crowned Laughingthrush: Implication on Its Habitat Conservation

    Huang, Xinjie / Tian, Shan / Liu, Zhengxiao / Xu, Jiliang

    Forests. 2023 May 31, v. 14, no. 6

    2023  

    Abstract: Understanding the impact of human disturbance on the breeding habitat selection of endangered species is critical to improving their conservation. Blue-crowned Laughingthrush Pterorhinus courtoisi (Ménégaux, 1923) syn. Garrulax courtoisi (Passeriformes: ... ...

    Abstract Understanding the impact of human disturbance on the breeding habitat selection of endangered species is critical to improving their conservation. Blue-crowned Laughingthrush Pterorhinus courtoisi (Ménégaux, 1923) syn. Garrulax courtoisi (Passeriformes: Leiotrichidae) is an endangered species in China. To explore the nesting habitat selection of the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush and its response to human disturbance during the breeding period, we conducted a field survey at its nesting sites in Wuyuan County and Dexing City, Jiangxi Province, from March to July 2021 and in June 2022. At the home range scale (200 m) the results of a principal component analysis (PCA) showed that this species had a clear preference for infrastructure construction, grassland, farmland and bare land. At the microhabitat scale (12.26 m), we compared the ecological parameters of a nest plot and control plot using a Kruskal–Wallis H test and found that there were significant differences in the vegetation coverage, crown breadth, shrub coverage, herb maximum height, herb average height and herb species number of the nesting area between the two groups. Ensemble species distribution models showed that the suitable habitat of the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush covered an area of 108.67 km². Distance to waterways, deciduous broadleaved forests and roads were the main factors impacting the habitat distribution of the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush. Our study suggests that (1) it is highly important to improve the protection of breeding sites and suitable living areas close to the settlements and preserve a certain nesting habitat selection space for the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush during the breeding period; and (2) it is necessary to continue to monitor the potential suitable breeding habitat. This study provides a scientific basis for the protection of the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush by local forestry bureaus and conservation departments in the future.
    Keywords Garrulax ; agricultural land ; anthropogenic activities ; endangered species ; geographical distribution ; grasslands ; habitat conservation ; home range ; infrastructure ; microhabitats ; nests ; principal component analysis ; shrubs ; surveys ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0531
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f14061139
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Temporal evolution of bushmeat traded in High Niger National Park, Guinea, West Africa

    Duonamou, Lucie / Konate, Alexandre / Xu, Jiliang / Humle, Tatyana

    Oryx. 2021 Sept., v. 55, no. 5

    2021  

    Abstract: The High Niger National Park is one of the most important protected areas for biodiversity conservation in Guinea. This study examined the temporal evolution of the bushmeat trade in three rural markets in the Park and in the nearest urban centre, ... ...

    Abstract The High Niger National Park is one of the most important protected areas for biodiversity conservation in Guinea. This study examined the temporal evolution of the bushmeat trade in three rural markets in the Park and in the nearest urban centre, Faranah. We collected data in markets during August–November 2017 in three villages around the Mafou core area of the Park and in Faranah, and compared these data with equivalent published data from the same rural areas in 2001 and 2011 and from Faranah in 1994, 1995, 1996 and 2011. Across all study periods, mammals predominated in the bushmeat trade. In rural markets we noted a marked increase in the number of carcasses and biomass offered for sale from 2001 onwards, whereas in Faranah there were no differences over time other than a peak in 1996. Overall, there was an increase in the sale of smaller sized species (< 10 kg), and a marked increase in the sale of species that forage on crops, including the green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus and warthog Phacochoerus africanus, in spite of religious taboos against the consumption of primates and Suidae. Green monkeys were not sold in markets during the 1990s but were the dominant species in Faranah in 2011 and 2017. Our findings suggest a marked shift in traded species, associated with crop protection by farmers and economic incentives to kill and trade crop-foraging species. This study highlights the value of a longitudinal perspective for investigating the dynamic relationship between local livelihoods and biodiversity conservation.
    Keywords Chlorocebus sabaeus ; Oryx ; Phacochoerus ; biodiversity conservation ; biomass ; bushmeat ; dominant species ; forage ; monkeys ; national parks ; plant protection ; trade ; Guinea ; Niger
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-09
    Size p. 717-724.
    Publishing place Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 417337-5
    ISSN 1365-3008 ; 0030-6053
    ISSN (online) 1365-3008
    ISSN 0030-6053
    DOI 10.1017/S0030605319001443
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7627: Show issues

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  5. Article: Sex-Specific Movement Responses of Reeves’s Pheasant to Human Disturbance: Importance of Body Characteristics and Reproductive Behavior

    Lu, Shuai / Liu, Zhengxiao / Tian, Shan / Song, Kai / Hu, Qian / Li, Jianqiang / Xu, Jiliang

    Animals. 2022 June 23, v. 12, no. 13

    2022  

    Abstract: Human disturbance has a strong impact on the movement of wild animals. However, it remains unclear how the movement patterns of the Reeves’s Pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii) respond to human disturbance in human-dominated landscapes. We tracked the ... ...

    Abstract Human disturbance has a strong impact on the movement of wild animals. However, it remains unclear how the movement patterns of the Reeves’s Pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii) respond to human disturbance in human-dominated landscapes. We tracked the movement of 40 adult individual Reeves’s Pheasants during the breeding season, and used the dynamic Brownian bridge motion model and kernel density estimation to analyze the diurnal movement patterns of Reeves’s Pheasants and their response to human presence. We analyzed the paths of Reeves’s Pheasants based on a partial least squares path model, considering habitat conditions, body characteristics, and reproductive behaviors. We found that males had two clear diurnal movement peaks, whereas reproductive and non-reproductive females did not show such movement peaks. Males shifted their movement peaks to earlier times in the day to avoid the presence peaks of humans. The correlation between human-modified habitat and the movement intensity of Reeves’s Pheasant differed between sexes. For males, the distance to forest paths had a positive correlation with their movement intensity through affecting body conditions. For females, the distance to forest paths and farmland had a negative correlation with their movement intensity through affecting habitat conditions and reproductive behaviors. Our study provides a scientific basis for the protection of the Reeves’s Pheasant and other related terrestrial forest-dwelling birds.
    Keywords Syrmaticus ; adults ; agricultural land ; anthropogenic activities ; habitats ; humans ; models ; pheasants ; reproductive behavior
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0623
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani12131619
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Do Parental Feeding Rate and Feeding Synchrony Affect Nest Survival in a Songbird?

    Wen, Ye / Guan, Haohui / Xu, Jiliang / Li, Jianqiang

    Zoological science

    2020  Volume 37, Issue 6, Page(s) 580–585

    Abstract: Nest predation risk is an important factor that may promote the evolution of adaptive parental reproductive strategies in animals. In altricial birds, where parents feed their offspring at the nest for a period of time, parent birds must balance the ... ...

    Abstract Nest predation risk is an important factor that may promote the evolution of adaptive parental reproductive strategies in animals. In altricial birds, where parents feed their offspring at the nest for a period of time, parent birds must balance the benefit from increased nest visits and the cost from increased nest predation resulting from their nest visits being detected by predators. Empirical evidence has shown a relationship between parental nest visits and nest predation risks, and parents have been found to be able to reduce the chance of being detected by predators by synchronizing their feeding visits while maintaining feeding rate unchanged. However, it remains poorly understood whether the relationships are universal to all species. We investigated whether nest survival is correlated with parental feeding rate and feeding synchrony in the silver-throated tit (
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; China ; Clutch Size ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Male ; Nesting Behavior ; Passeriformes/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-02
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2038883-4
    ISSN 2212-3830 ; 0289-0003
    ISSN (online) 2212-3830
    ISSN 0289-0003
    DOI 10.2108/zs200039
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Response of Reeves's Pheasants Distribution to Human Infrastructure in the Dabie Mountains over the Last 20 Years.

    Tian, Shan / Xu, Jiliang / Li, Jianqiang / Zhang, Mingxiang / Wang, Yong

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 7

    Abstract: Human infrastructure development drives habitat loss and fragmentation worldwide. In China, over the last 20 years, rapid infrastructure development impacted the habitats of endangered species. To facilitate conservation efforts, studies of how human ... ...

    Abstract Human infrastructure development drives habitat loss and fragmentation worldwide. In China, over the last 20 years, rapid infrastructure development impacted the habitats of endangered species. To facilitate conservation efforts, studies of how human infrastructure affects the distribution of Reeves's pheasant (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani11072037
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Effects of Livestock Grazing on Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Behaviour of Reeves's Pheasant

    Hua, Junqin / Lu, Shuai / Song, Kai / Wang, Jiayu / Wang, Jinfeng / Xu, Jiliang

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 21

    Abstract: Protected areas are seeing an increase in anthropogenic disturbances in the world. Previous studies have demonstrated the impact of livestock grazing and human presence on the habitat use of birds, whereas little is known about the effect of free-ranging ...

    Abstract Protected areas are seeing an increase in anthropogenic disturbances in the world. Previous studies have demonstrated the impact of livestock grazing and human presence on the habitat use of birds, whereas little is known about the effect of free-ranging livestock on bird behaviour. Reeves's Pheasant (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani12212968
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Sex-Specific Movement Responses of Reeves's Pheasant to Human Disturbance: Importance of Body Characteristics and Reproductive Behavior.

    Lu, Shuai / Liu, Zhengxiao / Tian, Shan / Song, Kai / Hu, Qian / Li, Jianqiang / Xu, Jiliang

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 13

    Abstract: Human disturbance has a strong impact on the movement of wild animals. However, it remains unclear how the movement patterns of the Reeves's Pheasant ( ...

    Abstract Human disturbance has a strong impact on the movement of wild animals. However, it remains unclear how the movement patterns of the Reeves's Pheasant (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani12131619
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: COVID-19 lockdown has indirect, non-equivalent effects on activity patterns of Reeves's Pheasant (

    Hua, Junqin / Tian, Shan / Lu, Shuai / Zhu, Ziqiang / Huang, Xinjie / Tao, Jisong / Li, Jianqiang / Xu, Jiliang

    Avian research

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 100092

    Abstract: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought massive shifts in human activities through a global blockade, directly affecting wildlife survival. However, the indirect impacts of changes in human activities are often easily overlooked. We conducted ... ...

    Abstract The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought massive shifts in human activities through a global blockade, directly affecting wildlife survival. However, the indirect impacts of changes in human activities are often easily overlooked. We conducted surveys of Reeves's Pheasant (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2806572-4
    ISSN 2053-7166
    ISSN 2053-7166
    DOI 10.1016/j.avrs.2023.100092
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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