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Article ; Online: Genetic engineering of drought and salt tolerant tomato via S-nitrosylated Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase.

Liu, Wei / Wei, Jin-Wei / Shan, Qing / Liu, Minghui / Xu, Jinghao / Gong, Biao

2024

Abstract: Drought and soil salinization substantially impact agriculture. While proline's role in enhancing stress tolerance is known, the exact molecular mechanism by which plants process stress signals and control proline synthesis under stress is still not ... ...

Abstract	Drought and soil salinization substantially impact agriculture. While proline's role in enhancing stress tolerance is known, the exact molecular mechanism by which plants process stress signals and control proline synthesis under stress is still not fully understood. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), drought and salt stress stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production, which boosts proline synthesis by activating Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (SlP5CS) and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (SlP5CR) genes and the P5CR enzyme. The crucial factor is stress-triggered NO production, which regulates the S-nitrosylation of SlP5CR at Cys-5, thereby increasing its NAD(P)H affinity and enzymatic activity. S-nitrosylation of SlP5CR enables tomato plants to better adapt to changing NAD(P)H levels, boosting both SlP5CR activity and proline synthesis during stress. By comparing tomato lines genetically modified to express different forms of SlP5CR, including a variant mimicking S-nitrosylation (SlP5CRC5W), we found that SlP5CRC5W plants show superior growth and stress tolerance. This is attributed to better P5CR activity, proline production, water use efficiency, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and sodium excretion. Overall, this study demonstrates that tomato engineered to mimic S-nitrosylated SlP5CR exhibits enhanced growth and yield in drought and salt stress conditions, highlighting a promising approach for stress-tolerant tomato cultivation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208914-2
ISSN	1532-2548 ; 0032-0889
ISSN (online)	1532-2548
ISSN	0032-0889
DOI	10.1093/plphys/kiae156
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Article ; Online: Computational modelling of articular joints with biphasic cartilage: recent advances, challenges and opportunities.

Li, Junyan / Xu, Jinghao / Chen, Zhenxian / Lu, Yongtao / Hua, Xijin / Jin, Zhongmin

Medical engineering & physics

2024 Volume 126, Page(s) 104130

Abstract: Biphasic models have been widely used to simulate the time-dependent biomechanical response of soft tissues. Modelling techniques of joints with biphasic weight-bearing soft tissues have been markedly improved over the last decade, enhancing our ... ...

Abstract	Biphasic models have been widely used to simulate the time-dependent biomechanical response of soft tissues. Modelling techniques of joints with biphasic weight-bearing soft tissues have been markedly improved over the last decade, enhancing our understanding of the function, degenerative mechanism and outcomes of interventions of joints. This paper reviews the recent advances, challenges and opportunities in computational models of joints with biphasic weight-bearing soft tissues. The review begins with an introduction of the function and degeneration of joints from a biomechanical aspect. Different constitutive models of articular cartilage, in particular biphasic materials, are illustrated in the context of the study of contact mechanics in joints. Approaches, advances and major findings of biphasic models of the hip and knee are presented, followed by a discussion of the challenges awaiting to be addressed, including the convergence issue, high computational cost and inadequate validation. Finally, opportunities and clinical insights in the areas of subject-specific modeling and tissue engineering are provided and discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Models, Biological ; Joints/physiology ; Cartilage, Articular/physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Knee Joint/physiology ; Finite Element Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1181080-4
ISSN	1873-4030 ; 1350-4533
ISSN (online)	1873-4030
ISSN	1350-4533
DOI	10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104130
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Article ; Online: Overexpression of VvASMT1 from grapevine enhanced salt and osmotic stress tolerance in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Yu, Yanyan / Ni, Yong / Qiao, Tian / Ji, Xiaomin / Xu, Jinghao / Li, Bo / Sun, Qinghua

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) e0269028

Abstract: Salt and drought stresses are major environmental conditions that severely limit grape growth and productivity, while exogenous melatonin can alleviate the drought and salt damage to grapevines. N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) is the key ... ...

Abstract	Salt and drought stresses are major environmental conditions that severely limit grape growth and productivity, while exogenous melatonin can alleviate the drought and salt damage to grapevines. N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) is the key enzyme in melatonin synthesis, which plays a critical role in regulating stress responses. However, the roles of ASMTs from grapevine under drought and salt stresses responses remain largely unclear. In this study, the VvASMT1 gene was isolated from grapevine, and its physiological functions in salt and mimic drought stress tolerance were investigated. Expression pattern analysis revealed that VvASMT1 was significantly induced by different salt and osmotic stresses. Ectopic expression of VvASMT1 in Nicotiana benthamiana significantly enhanced melatonin production in transgenic plants. Compared with wild-type plants, the transgenic lines exhibited a higher germination ratio, longer root length, lower degree of leaf wilting and relative water content (RWC) under salt and osmotic stresses. In addition, under salt and osmotic stresses, overexpression of VvASMT1 improved proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Taken together, our results demonstrate the explicit role of VvASMT1 in salt and osmotic stress responses, which provides a theoretical foundation for the genetic engineering of grapevine.
MeSH term(s)	Droughts ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Melatonin/metabolism ; Osmotic Pressure/physiology ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism ; Salt Tolerance/genetics ; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology ; Stress, Physiological/genetics ; Nicotiana
Chemical Substances	Plant Proteins ; Sodium Chloride (451W47IQ8X) ; Melatonin (JL5DK93RCL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0269028
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Article: Cyclic Deformation Behavior of Additive-Manufactured IN738LC Superalloys from Virgin and Reused Powders.

Chen, Jialiang / Xu, Jinghao / Segersäll, Mikael / Hryha, Eduard / Peng, Ru Lin / Moverare, Johan

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 24

Abstract: In laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), most powders are not melted in the chamber and collected after the printing process. Powder reuse is appreciable without sacrificing the mechanical properties of target components. To understand the influences of ... ...

Abstract	In laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), most powders are not melted in the chamber and collected after the printing process. Powder reuse is appreciable without sacrificing the mechanical properties of target components. To understand the influences of powder reuse on mechanical performance, a nickel-based superalloy, IN738LC, was investigated. Powder morphology, microstructure and chemical compositions of virgin and reused powders were characterized. An increase in oxygen content, generally metallic oxides, was located on the surface of powders. Monotonic tensile and cyclic fatigue were tested. Negligible deterioration in strength and tensile ductility were found, while scattered fatigue performance with regard to fatigue life was shown. Deformation and fatigue crack propagation mechanisms were discussed for describing the powder degradation effects.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma15248925
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Article ; Online: Exosomes derived from adipose tissues accelerate fibroblasts and keratinocytes proliferation and cutaneous wound healing via miR-92a/Hippo-YAP axis.

Shao, Zifei / Xu, Jinghao / Wang, Xiang / Zhou, Yuxi / Wang, Yujing / Li, Yiyang / Zhao, Jianping / Li, Kun

Journal of physiology and biochemistry

2023 Volume 80, Issue 1, Page(s) 189–204

Abstract: Delayed wound healing is an urgent clinical issue. Cellular communication involving exosome-borne cargo such as miRNA is a critical mechanism involved in wound healing. This study isolated and identified human adipose tissue-derived exosomes (Exo-ATs). ... ...

Abstract	Delayed wound healing is an urgent clinical issue. Cellular communication involving exosome-borne cargo such as miRNA is a critical mechanism involved in wound healing. This study isolated and identified human adipose tissue-derived exosomes (Exo-ATs). The specific effects of Exo-ATs on keratinocytes and fibroblasts were examined. Enriched miRNAs in Exo-ATs were analyzed, and miR-92a-3p was selected. The transfer of Exo-ATs-derived miR-92a-3p to keratinocytes and fibroblasts was verified. miR-92a-3p binding to LATS2 was examined and the dynamic effects of the miR-92a-3p/LATS2 axis were investigated. In a dorsal skin wound model, the in vivo effects of Exo-ATs on wound healing were examined. Exo-AT incubation increased keratinocytes and fibroblast proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. miR-92a-3p, enriched in Exo-ATs, could be transferred to keratinocytes and fibroblasts, resulting in enhanced proliferation, migration, and ECM accumulation. Large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2) was a direct target of miR-92a-3p. miR-92a-3p inhibitor effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts could be partially reversed by LATS2 knockdown. In a dorsal skin wound model, Exo-ATs accelerated wound healing through enhanced cell proliferation, collagen deposition, re-epithelialization, and YAP/TAZ activation. In conclusion, Exo-ATs improve skin wound healing by promoting keratinocyte and fibroblast migration and proliferation and collagen production by fibroblast, which could be partially eliminated by miR-92a inhibition through its downstream target LATS2 and the YAP/TAZ signaling.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Exosomes/metabolism ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Wound Healing ; Keratinocytes/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Collagen/metabolism ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; Collagen (9007-34-5) ; LATS2 protein, human (EC 2.7.1.11) ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-02
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1325104-1
ISSN	1877-8755 ; 0034-9402 ; 1138-7548
ISSN (online)	1877-8755
ISSN	0034-9402 ; 1138-7548
DOI	10.1007/s13105-023-00996-8
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Article: A Novel γ'-Strengthened Nickel-Based Superalloy for Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

Xu, Jinghao / Gruber, Hans / Lin Peng, Ru / Moverare, Johan

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 13, Issue 21

Abstract: An experimental printable γ'-strengthened nickel-based superalloy, MAD542, is proposed. By process optimization, a crack-free component with less than 0.06% defect was achieved by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). After post-processing by solution heat ... ...

Abstract	An experimental printable γ'-strengthened nickel-based superalloy, MAD542, is proposed. By process optimization, a crack-free component with less than 0.06% defect was achieved by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). After post-processing by solution heat treatment, a recrystallized structure was revealed, which was also associated with the formation of annealing twins. After the aging treatment, 60-65% γ' precipitates were obtained with a cuboidal morphology. The success of printing and post-processing the new MAD542 superalloy may give new insights into alloy design approaches for additive manufacturing.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma13214930
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Article: Commognitive responsibility shift and its visualizing in computer-supported one-to-one tutoring

Lu, Jijian / Tao, Yan / Xu, Jinghao / Stephens, Max

Interact. Learn. Environ.

Abstract: This study is the extension of our previous visualizing study on the commognition processes in computer-supported one-to-one tutoring. With the help of the scale of commognitive responsibility score, we found that the main triggers of the commognition ... ...

Abstract	This study is the extension of our previous visualizing study on the commognition processes in computer-supported one-to-one tutoring. With the help of the scale of commognitive responsibility score, we found that the main triggers of the commognition process shift are the positive transfer of knowledge and cognitive conflict. On the basis of Fisher and Frey's theory and our practical experience, we suggest the online teachers to provide (1) prompts to invite; (2) robust questions to access; (3) cues to find mistakes; (4) discussion to develop and (5) spiral review to connect.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #597829
Database	COVID19

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Article: Genome-wide analysis of the strigolactone biosynthetic and signaling genes in grapevine and their response to salt and drought stresses.

Yu, Yanyan / Xu, Jinghao / Wang, Chuanyin / Pang, Yunning / Li, Lijian / Tang, Xinjie / Li, Bo / Sun, Qinghua

PeerJ

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) e13551

Abstract: Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones that play critical roles in regulating various developmental processes and stress tolerance. Although the SL biosynthetic and signaling genes were already determined in some plants such ... ...

Abstract	Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones that play critical roles in regulating various developmental processes and stress tolerance. Although the SL biosynthetic and signaling genes were already determined in some plants such as
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.13551
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Article ; Online: Dual-fiber point diffraction interferometer to measure the wavefront aberration of an imaging system.

Feng, Peng / Tang, Feng / Wang, Xiangzhao / Lu, Yunjun / Xu, Jinghao / Guo, Fudong / Zhang, Guoxian

Applied optics

2020 Volume 59, Issue 10, Page(s) 3093–3096

Abstract: A dual-fiber point diffraction interferometer is built to measure the wavefront aberration of an imaging system with high precision. The optical intensity of the test light and reference light are controlled independently, so that high interference ... ...

Abstract	A dual-fiber point diffraction interferometer is built to measure the wavefront aberration of an imaging system with high precision. The optical intensity of the test light and reference light are controlled independently, so that high interference contrast can be obtained. The interferometer has several advantages: high precision, a flexible structure, and a quasi-common optical path. System errors of the interferometer that influence the measurement accuracy are considered and calibrated. In the experiments, a projection lens with numerical aperture of 0.3 is measured. The measured wavefront error is 1.5 nm rms, and the measurement repeatability is 35 pm rms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4522
ISSN (online)	1539-4522
DOI	10.1364/AO.387540
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Article ; Online: Sub-pixel position estimation algorithm based on Gaussian fitting and sampling theorem interpolation for wafer alignment.

Pan, Songyong / Wang, Shaoqing / Xu, Jinghao / Fan, Lili / Yuan, Fenghua / Shu, Ting / Dai, Fengzhao / Yan, Xiaona / Bu, Yang / Wang, Xiangzhao

Applied optics

2021 Volume 60, Issue 31, Page(s) 9607–9618

Abstract: Wafer alignment is the core technique of lithographic tools. Image-processing-based wafer alignment techniques are commonly used in lithographic tools. An alignment algorithm is used to analyze the alignment mark image for obtaining the mark position. ... ...

Abstract	Wafer alignment is the core technique of lithographic tools. Image-processing-based wafer alignment techniques are commonly used in lithographic tools. An alignment algorithm is used to analyze the alignment mark image for obtaining the mark position. The accuracy and speed of the alignment algorithm are very important for guaranteeing the overlay and throughput of lithographic tools. The most commonly used algorithm in image-processing-based alignment techniques is the self-correlation method. This method has a high accuracy, but the calculation is complex, and the calculation speed is slow. In this paper, we propose a sub-pixel position estimation algorithm based on Gaussian fitting and sampling theorem interpolation. The algorithm first reconstructs the alignment signal by sampling theorem interpolation and then obtains the sub-pixel position of the mark by Gaussian fitting. The accuracy and robustness of the algorithm are verified by testing the simulated marks and experimentally captured marks. The repeat accuracy can reach 1/100 pixels, which is in the same level with the self-correlation method. The calculation speed is highly improved compared with the self-correlation method, which needs only about 1/3 of even short calculation time.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4522
ISSN (online)	1539-4522
DOI	10.1364/AO.437440
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