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  1. Article ; Online: A Deep Learning Model for Evaluating Meibomian Glands Morphology from Meibography

    Yuexin Wang / Faqiang Shi / Shanshan Wei / Xuemin Li

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 1053, p

    2023  Volume 1053

    Abstract: To develop a deep learning model for automatically segmenting tarsus and meibomian gland areas on meibography, we included 1087 meibography images from dry eye patients. The contour of the tarsus and each meibomian gland was labeled manually by human ... ...

    Abstract To develop a deep learning model for automatically segmenting tarsus and meibomian gland areas on meibography, we included 1087 meibography images from dry eye patients. The contour of the tarsus and each meibomian gland was labeled manually by human experts. The dataset was divided into training, validation, and test sets. We built a convolutional neural network-based U-net and trained the model to segment the tarsus and meibomian gland area. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were calculated to evaluate the model. The area under the curve (AUC) values for models segmenting the tarsus and meibomian gland area were 0.985 and 0.938, respectively. The deep learning model achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 0.975 and 0.99, respectively, with an accuracy of 0.985 for segmenting the tarsus area. For meibomian gland area segmentation, the model obtained a high specificity of 0.96, with high accuracy of 0.937 and a moderate sensitivity of 0.751. The present research trained a deep learning model to automatically segment tarsus and the meibomian gland area from infrared meibography, and the model demonstrated outstanding accuracy in segmentation. With further improvement, the model could potentially be applied to assess the meibomian gland that facilitates dry eye evaluation in various clinical and research scenarios.
    Keywords deep learning ; meibomian gland ; meibography ; dry eye ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Insights into the pattern of choroidal vascularity index changes in idiopathic macular hole

    Huaqin Xia / Jiarui Yang / Qingyi Hou / Xinchun Wu / Changguan Wang / Xuemin Li

    Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2024  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract This retrospective study aimed to investigate the changes in choroidal vascularity index (CVI) before and after surgery for idiopathic macular hole (MH). Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images were analyzed at ... ...

    Abstract Abstract This retrospective study aimed to investigate the changes in choroidal vascularity index (CVI) before and after surgery for idiopathic macular hole (MH). Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images were analyzed at baseline and at 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month postoperative visits. A total of 97 patients (97 eyes) were included in the study. At baseline, overall CVI and macular CVI showed negative correlation with axial length (AL) and positive correlation with central corneal thickness (CCT). There were no significant differences in macular CVI or overall CVI between affected and healthy eyes, as well as in subgroup analysis of different stages of macular CVI. Following surgery, there was a significant decrease in CVI at 1 week postoperatively, followed by a gradual recovery to baseline levels over time. The observed changes in CVI may be attributed to factors such as air tamponade, pressure changes, and photoreceptor metabolism. This study provides insights into the pattern of CVI changes associated with MH surgery. The findings suggest that stage 4 MH is associated with decreased macular CVI in affected eyes. These results contribute to a better understanding of the effects of surgery on choroidal blood flow in MH patients.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Alterations in corneal epithelial dendritic cell in Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye and clinical correlations

    Ran Hao / Yi Ding / Xuemin Li

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 10

    Abstract: Abstract We aimed to investigate the density and morphology of corneal dendritic cells (DCs) in dry eye (DE) patients with or without Sjogren’s syndrome (SS). This study included 28 patients with Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye (SSDE), 33 patients with non- ... ...

    Abstract Abstract We aimed to investigate the density and morphology of corneal dendritic cells (DCs) in dry eye (DE) patients with or without Sjogren’s syndrome (SS). This study included 28 patients with Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye (SSDE), 33 patients with non-Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye (NSSDE), and 30 age and sex matched healthy volunteers. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) was used to investigate density and morphology (size, dendrites, and field) of DC. Compared with NSSDE and healthy group, SSDE showed significantly higher DC density, larger DC size, more DC dendrites with larger DC field (all P < 0.001). Comparison between NSSDE and healthy group demonstrated that DC density, dendrites and field were significantly higher in NSSDE. However, there was no significant difference in DC size (P = 0.076). DC density and morphological parameters showed significant associations with the systemic severity (salivary gland biopsy and serum antibodies) and ocular surface damage. The corneal epithelium DC density and morphological alterations were obvious in SSDE, which reflected higher level of immune activation and inflammatory response in SS. Marked correlations were found between DC density/morphology and systemic/ocular severity. Dynamic assessment of corneal DC may facilitate to clarify pathogenesis, stratify patient, and tailor treatment in SS patients.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Effects of visual restoration on gait performance and kinematics of lower extremities in patients with age-related cataract

    Mingxin Ao / Huijuan Shi / Xuemin Li / Hongshi Huang / Yingfang Ao / Wei Wang / Yuanyuan Ji

    Chinese Medical Journal, Vol 136, Iss 5, Pp 596-

    2023  Volume 603

    Abstract: Abstract. Background:. Visual inputs are critical for locomotor navigation and sensorimotor integration in the elderly; however, the mechanism needs to be explored intensively. The present study assessed the gait pattern after cataract surgery to ... ...

    Abstract Abstract. Background:. Visual inputs are critical for locomotor navigation and sensorimotor integration in the elderly; however, the mechanism needs to be explored intensively. The present study assessed the gait pattern after cataract surgery to investigate the effects of visual restoration on locomotion. Methods:. The prospective study recruited 32 patients (70.1 ± 5.2 years) with bilateral age-related cataracts in the Department of Ophthalmology at Peking University Third Hospital from October 2016 to December 2019. The temporal-spatial gait parameters and kinematic parameters were measured by the Footscan system and inertial measurement units. Paired t-test was employed to compare data normally distributed and Wilcoxon rank-sum test for non-normally distributed. Results:. After visual restoration, the walking speed increased by 9.3% (1.19 ± 0.40 m/s vs. 1.09 ± 0.34 m/s, P=0.008) and exhibited an efficient gait pattern with significant decrease in gait cycle (1.02 ± 0.08 s vs. 1.04 ± 0.07 s, P=0.012), stance time (0.66 ± 0.06 s vs. 0.68 ± 0.06 s, P=0.045), and single support time (0.36 ± 0.03 s vs. 0.37 ± 0.02 s, P=0.011). High amplitude of joint motion was detected in the sagittal plane in the left hip (37.6° ± 5.3° vs. 35.5° ± 6.2°, P=0.014), left thigh (38.0° ± 5.2° vs. 36.4° ± 5.8°, P=0.026), left shank (71.9° ± 5.7° vs. 70.1° ± 5.6°, P=0.031), and right knee (59.1° ± 4.8° vs. 56.4° ± 4.8°, P=0.001). The motor symmetry of thigh improved from 8.35 ± 5.30% to 6.30 ± 4.73% (P=0.042). Conclusions:. The accelerated gait in response to visual restoration is characterized by decreased stance time and increased range of joint motion. Training programs for improving muscle strength of lower extremities might be helpful to facilitate the adaptation to these changes in gait.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 796
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Bacteria and Dry Eye

    Yuchen Wang / Yi Ding / Xiaodan Jiang / Jiarui Yang / Xuemin Li

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 14, p

    A Narrative Review

    2022  Volume 4019

    Abstract: 1) Background: Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface, the incidence of which has been increasing sharply. The pathogenesis of dry eye, especially in terms of the bacterial flora, has drawn great attention. Additionally, the potential ...

    Abstract (1) Background: Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface, the incidence of which has been increasing sharply. The pathogenesis of dry eye, especially in terms of the bacterial flora, has drawn great attention. Additionally, the potential treatment methods need to be explored. (2) Methods: We reviewed more than 100 studies and summarized them briefly in a review. (3) Results: We summarized the bacterial communities found on the ocular surface in the general population and patients with dry eye and found a relationship between dry eye and antibiotic therapy. We identified the possible mechanisms of bacteria in the development of dry eye by discussing factors such as the destruction of the antibacterial barrier, infectious diseases, microbiome homeostasis, inflammatory factors on the ocular surface and vitamin deficiency. (4) Conclusion: We systematically reviewed the recent studies to summarize the bacterial differences between patients with dry eye and the general population and brought up several possible mechanisms and possible treatment targets.
    Keywords dry eye ; meibomian gland dysfunction ; bacteria ; microbiome homeostasis ; inflammatory factors ; mechanisms of dry eye ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Identification and expression analysis of the small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) gene family in Lycium ruthenicum

    Jing Hu / Qiushi Yu / Shengxiu Jiang / Xiaoke Hu / Xuemin Li / Zhongchao Liu

    PeerJ, Vol 11, p e

    2023  Volume 15941

    Abstract: The plant hormone auxin regulates numerous aspects of plant growth and development, and small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) is the largest family of early auxin response genes in higher plants. SAUR has been implicated in the regulation of multiple biological ... ...

    Abstract The plant hormone auxin regulates numerous aspects of plant growth and development, and small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) is the largest family of early auxin response genes in higher plants. SAUR has been implicated in the regulation of multiple biological processes. However, no comprehensive analysis of SAUR genes has been reported in Lycium ruthenicum. L. ruthenicum is a thorny shrub with very pronounced salt and drought tolerance, and studies have shown that stem thorns are related to drought tolerance in L. ruthenicum. In this study, the identification, phylogenetic analysis, and conserved motif prediction of SAUR genes were extensively explored. Furthermore, the tissue expression patterns of selected SAUR genes were assayed with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A total of 33 putative LrSAURs were identified and divided into three clusters in a phylogenetic tree of L. ruthenicum. MEME analysis identified 10 motifs in L. ruthenicum, and the results suggested that motif 1 and motif 3 were widely distributed. Analyzing the transcriptome data of stem thorns at four developmental stages indicated that LrSAURs were differentially expressed in L. ruthenicum, and could be divided into six expression patterns. The RT-qPCR analysis of 21 genes showed that LrSAUR2, LrSAUR8, LrSAUR9, LrSAUR11, LrSAUR12, and LrSAUR19 were mainly expressed in stems and stem thorns, and may be related to stem thorn development.
    Keywords Lycium ruthenicum ; MEME analysis ; Phylogenetic tree ; Gene tissue expression ; Plant growth and development ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher PeerJ Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Effectiveness and safety of Jiejing Runmu decoction in treatment of dry eye disease.

    Xiaodan, Jiang / Yuanting, Li / Li, Xiaodan / Huibin, Lv / Nana, Zhao / Shuxuan, Lv / Yiren, Wang / Xuemin, Li

    Explore (New York, N.Y.)

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of Jiejing Runmu decoction in relieving the clinical manifestations of dry eye disease (DED).: Design and interventions: This single-arm prospective intervention study was conducted at the Peking ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of Jiejing Runmu decoction in relieving the clinical manifestations of dry eye disease (DED).
    Design and interventions: This single-arm prospective intervention study was conducted at the Peking University Third Hospital and People's Hospital of Yongqing. Of the 211 patients recruited, 200 completing the follow-up were included in the analysis. Patients received Jiejing Runmu decoction once a day for 4 weeks continuously, without any change in eye care habits. Individuals were evaluated at four time points: pretreatment (baseline), 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months (2 months after completion of treatment), using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer test I and meibomian gland assessments. Adverse effects were evaluated at each follow-up visit and systematic examinations were performed during the first and last visits.
    Results: OSDI, TBUT, corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer test I, meibomian gland expressibility, and quality of secretions improved at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months compared to baseline (P < 0.0001). No significant differences were found between the sexes. Patients above 45 years showed worse subjective symptoms and objective signs, and greater improvements in corneal fluorescein staining, meibomian gland expressibility, and quality of secretions were observed in this group. No obvious adverse effects were detected during any follow-up visit.
    Conclusion: Jiejing Runmu decoction significantly improved both the subjective symptoms and objective signs of DED, with favorable tolerance.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2183945-1
    ISSN 1878-7541 ; 1550-8307
    ISSN (online) 1878-7541
    ISSN 1550-8307
    DOI 10.1016/j.explore.2024.02.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: In vivo Confocal Microscopic Evaluation of Previously Neglected Oval Cells in Corneal Nerve Vortex

    Dalan Jing / Xiaodan Jiang / Yilin Chou / Shanshan Wei / Ran Hao / Jie Su / Xuemin Li

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    An Inflammatory Indicator of Dry Eye Disease

    2022  Volume 9

    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the association of between previously neglected oval cells located in the corneal vortex and dry eye disease (DED). This was an observational, prospective study involving 168 patients with different degrees of DED. In vivo ...

    Abstract This study aimed to investigate the association of between previously neglected oval cells located in the corneal vortex and dry eye disease (DED). This was an observational, prospective study involving 168 patients with different degrees of DED. In vivo confocal microscopy was used to observe the corneal subbasal nerves and Langerhans cells (LCs) in the corneal vortex and periphery. Bright and oval cells were also observed in the corneal vortex. An artificial intelligence technique was used to generate subbasal nerve fiber parameters. The patients were divided into the three groups based on the presence of inflammatory cells. Group 2 patients showed a significant increase in the corneal peripheral nerve maximum length and average corneal peripheral nerve density. Patients in group 3 had more LCs than other patients. A bright and oval cell was identified in the corneal vortex, which might be a type of immature LC related to the disease severity of DED.
    Keywords dry eye disease (DED) ; corneal vortex ; Langerhans cells ; in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) ; artificial intelligence (AI) ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Effects of Chlorogenic Acid on Performance, Anticoccidial Indicators, Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Intestinal Barrier Function in Coccidia-Infected Broilers

    Huawei Liu / Peng Chen / Xiaoguo Lv / Yingjun Zhou / Xuemin Li / Shengnan Ma / Jinshan Zhao

    Animals, Vol 12, Iss 963, p

    2022  Volume 963

    Abstract: The effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance, anticoccidial indicators (oocysts per gram of excreta, cecal lesion score, and bloody diarrhea score), immunity, antioxidant status, and intestinal barrier function in coccidia-infected ... ...

    Abstract The effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance, anticoccidial indicators (oocysts per gram of excreta, cecal lesion score, and bloody diarrhea score), immunity, antioxidant status, and intestinal barrier function in coccidia-infected broilers were investigated. A total of 240 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates of ten broilers each for 42 days. Four treatments included control diet (non-infected control, NC), control diet + Eimeria infection (infected control, IC), control diet +0.5 g/kg CGA + Eimeria infection (CGA0.5), and control diet +1 g/kg CGA + Eimeria infection (CGA1). At day 14, each broiler in IC, CGA0.5, and CGA1 groups was orally inoculated with 1 mL saline containing 4 × 10 5 sporulated oocysts. The results showed that the CGA1 group increased the average daily gain by 12.57% ( p < 0.001) and decreased the feed/gain ratio ( p = 0.010) and mortality ( p = 0.030) by 13.00% and 77.76%, respectively, of broilers from 14 to 42 days compared with the IC group. The CGA1 group decreased the oocysts per gram of excreta ( p < 0.001) and bloody diarrhea score ( p = 0.001) compared with the IC group. The CGA0.5 and CGA1 groups increased total antioxidant capacity ( p < 0.001) at day 21 and villus height ( p < 0.001) in the duodenum and jejunum at day 42, and decreased the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) ( p = 0.002), malondialdehyde (MDA) ( p < 0.001), D -lactic acid ( p < 0.001), and diamine oxidase (DAO) ( p < 0.001) at day 21 and the levels of MDA ( p < 0.001) and D -lactic acid ( p = 0.003) at day 42 compared with the IC group. In the CGA1 group, villus height in the duodenum ( p < 0.001) and jejunum ( p = 0.017) increased at day 21 and in the ileum ( p < 0.001) at day 42, and the level of DAO ( p < 0.001) decreased at day 42 compared with the IC group. Broilers in the IC group had a higher IL-6 level ( p = 0.048) at day 42 and lower IL-10 ( p = 0.027) and immunoglobulin A ( p = 0.042) levels at day 21, and ...
    Keywords antioxidant status ; broiler ; chlorogenic acid ; coccidiosis ; immunity ; intestinal barrier function ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: The effect of hormone therapy on the ocular surface and intraocular pressure for postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Hao, Yuan / Xiaodan, Jiang / Jiarui, Yang / Xuemin, Li

    Menopause (New York, N.Y.)

    2020  Volume 27, Issue 8, Page(s) 929–940

    Abstract: Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of hormone therapy (HT) on the ocular surface and intraocular pressure in postmenopausal women.: Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of hormone therapy (HT) on the ocular surface and intraocular pressure in postmenopausal women.
    Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Statement. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from inception to November 2019 without language restrictions. Only randomized controlled trials that evaluated the impact of HT on the ocular surface and intraocular pressure in postmenopausal women were eligible. The trials had to report at least one of the following outcomes: break-up time, Schirmer test, corneal staining, ocular surface symptom score, and intraocular pressure. Two investigators independently extracted the information, assessed the risk of bias, and evaluated the publication bias. All data were analyzed by Review Manager V.5.3. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were performed to find the source of heterogeneity and evaluate the different effects among subgroups.
    Results: Nine randomized controlled trials (N = 612) were included. The HT group showed significant improvements compared with the control group in break-up time (mean difference [MD] = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-3.19, P = 0.0002), Schirmer test without anesthesia (MD = 4.17, 95% CI 1.55-6.80, P = 0.002), Schirmer test with anesthesia (MD = 1.44, 95% CI 0.71-2.18, P = 0.0001), and corneal staining scores (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.85, 95% CI -1.39 to -0.30, P = 0.002). Moreover, significant beneficial effects were observed on all four symptoms, including dryness (SMD = -1.21, 95% CI -1.99 to -0.44, P = 0.002), foreign body sensation (SMD = -1.02, 95% CI -1.29 to -0.76, P < 0.00001), ocular fatigue (SMD = -1.74, 95% CI -2.12 to -1.36, P < 0.00001), and burning (SMD = -0.53, 95% CI -0.78 to -0.29, P < 0.0001) after HT. Subgroup analysis revealed that, in terms of break-up time, postmenopausal women younger than 55 years achieved more improvements (MD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.16-1.59, P = 0.02) than women older than 55 years old (MD = 2.60, 95% CI -1.34 to 6.55, P = 0.20), and the estrogen subgroup received more benefits (MD = 3.11, 95% CI 0.93-5.30, P = 0.005) than the estrogen plus progestogen subgroup (MD = 0.42, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.85, P = 0.06). Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis suggested that the heterogeneity might derive from the methodological quality, the age of participants, and the intervention of the control group. Intraocular pressure (MD = -1.54, 95% CI -3.39 to 0.32, P = 0.10) was not evidently decreased after HT. No more specific adverse events (relative risk  = 1.66, 95% CI 0.41-6.77, P = 0.48) were found in the HT group.
    Conclusions: Our study revealed that HT could improve ocular surface function in postmenopausal women effectively and safely, especially for those who were younger than 55 years, and estrogen only showed more improvements than estrogen plus progestogen. The effectiveness of HT in treating dry eye in postmenopausal women is, however, still a controversial topic. In addition, we did not find HT led to a significant reduction of intraocular pressure.
    MeSH term(s) China ; Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Middle Aged ; Postmenopause ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1205262-0
    ISSN 1530-0374 ; 1072-3714
    ISSN (online) 1530-0374
    ISSN 1072-3714
    DOI 10.1097/GME.0000000000001559
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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