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  1. Article ; Online: In vivo mutagenicity evaluation of the soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene.

    Badding, Melissa / Gollapudi, B Bhaskar / Gehen, Sean / Yan, Zhongyu June

    Mutagenesis

    2021  Volume 35, Issue 5, Page(s) 437–443

    Abstract: 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D; CAS No. 542-75-6) is a soil fumigant used for the control of nematodes in agriculture. There is an extensive database on the genotoxicity of 1,3-D and many of the published studies are confounded by the presence of mutagenic ... ...

    Abstract 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D; CAS No. 542-75-6) is a soil fumigant used for the control of nematodes in agriculture. There is an extensive database on the genotoxicity of 1,3-D and many of the published studies are confounded by the presence of mutagenic stabilisers in the test substance. Mixed results were obtained in the in vitro assays, often due to the purity of the 1,3-D sample tested. In order to get further clarity, the mutagenic potential of 1,3-D was investigated in vivo in the transgenic Big Blue rodent models. Inhalation exposure of 150 ppm 1,3-D (×2.5 tumourigenic dose) to transgenic male B6C3F1 mice did not induce lacI mutations in either the lung (tumour target tissue) or liver. Similarly, dietary administration of 1,3-D up to 50 mg/kg/day to transgenic male Fischer 344 rats did not increase the cII mutant frequency in either the liver (tumour target) or kidney. These results, along with other available in vivo data, including the absence of DNA adducts and clastogenic/aneugenic potential, support the conclusion that 1,3-D is efficiently detoxified in vivo and, as such, does not pose a mutagenic hazard or risk.
    MeSH term(s) Allyl Compounds/pharmacology ; Allyl Compounds/toxicity ; Animals ; DNA Adducts/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/pharmacology ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/toxicity ; Lac Repressors/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutagenesis/drug effects ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens/pharmacology ; Mutagens/toxicity ; Mutation/drug effects ; Pesticides/adverse effects ; Pesticides/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344
    Chemical Substances Allyl Compounds ; DNA Adducts ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; Lac Repressors ; Mutagens ; Pesticides ; 1,3-dichloro-1-propene (9H780918D0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632903-2
    ISSN 1464-3804 ; 0267-8357
    ISSN (online) 1464-3804
    ISSN 0267-8357
    DOI 10.1093/mutage/geaa015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2189: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Weight of evidence analysis of the tumorigenic potential of 1,3-dichloropropene supports a threshold-based risk assessment.

    Yan, Zhongyu June / Bartels, Michael / Gollapudi, Bhaskar / Driver, Jeffrey / Himmelstein, Matthew / Gehen, Sean / Juberg, Daland / van Wesenbeeck, Ian / Terry, Claire / Rasoulpour, Reza

    Critical reviews in toxicology

    2021  Volume 50, Issue 10, Page(s) 836–860

    Abstract: 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D; CAS #542-75-6) is a fumigant used for preplant treatment of soil to control parasitic nematodes and manage soil borne diseases for numerous fruit, vegetable, field and tree and vine crops across diverse global agricultural ... ...

    Abstract 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D; CAS #542-75-6) is a fumigant used for preplant treatment of soil to control parasitic nematodes and manage soil borne diseases for numerous fruit, vegetable, field and tree and vine crops across diverse global agricultural areas. In the USA, 1,3-D has historically been classified by the U.S. EPA as likely to be carcinogenic to humans via both oral and inhalation routes. This classification for the oral route was primarily based upon increases in multiple tumor types observed in National Toxicology Program (NTP) cancer bioassays in rats and mice, while the classification for the inhalation route was based upon increased benign bronchioloalveolar adenomas in a mouse study conducted by The Dow Chemical Company. Based on U.S. EPA standard risk assessment methodologies, a low-dose linear extrapolation approach has been used to estimate risks to humans. Furthermore, genotoxicity associated with 1,3-D was historically considered a potential mode of action (MOA) for its tumorigenicity. New information is available and additional studies have been conducted that reveal a different picture of the tumorigenic potential of 1,3-D. These data and information include: (1) initial cancer studies by the NTP were conducted on an antiquated form of 1,3-D which contained a known mutagen/carcinogen, epichlorohydrin, as a stabilizer while current 1,3-D fumigants use epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) as the stabilizer; (2) results from two additional oral rodent cancer bioassays conducted on the modern form of 1,3-D became available and these two studies reveal a lack of carcinogenicity; (3) a newly conducted Big Blue study in F344 rats via the oral route further confirms that 1,3-D is not an
    MeSH term(s) Allyl Compounds/toxicity ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Carcinogenicity Tests ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/toxicity ; Mice ; Mutagens ; Pesticides/toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Risk Assessment
    Chemical Substances Allyl Compounds ; Carcinogens ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; Mutagens ; Pesticides ; 1,3-dichloro-1-propene (9H780918D0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1097071-x
    ISSN 1547-6898 ; 1040-8444
    ISSN (online) 1547-6898
    ISSN 1040-8444
    DOI 10.1080/10408444.2020.1845119
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1026: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: A rat subchronic study transcriptional point of departure estimates a carcinogenicity study apical point of departure.

    Bianchi, Enrica / Costa, Eduardo / Yan, Zhongyu June / Murphy, Lynea / Howell, Jessica / Anderson, Donna / Mukerji, Push / Venkatraman, Anand / Terry, Claire / Johnson, Kamin J

    Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

    2020  Volume 147, Page(s) 111869

    Abstract: Considerations of human relevance and animal use are driving research to identify new approaches to inform risk assessment of chemicals and replace guideline-based rodent carcinogenicity tests. Here, the hypothesis was tested across four agrochemicals ... ...

    Abstract Considerations of human relevance and animal use are driving research to identify new approaches to inform risk assessment of chemicals and replace guideline-based rodent carcinogenicity tests. Here, the hypothesis was tested across four agrochemicals that 1) a rat 90-day transcriptome-based BEPOD is protective of a rat carcinogenicity study and 2) a subchronic liver or kidney BEPOD would approximate a cancer bioassay apical POD derived from other organs and a rat subchronic BEPOD would approximate a mouse cancer bioassay apical POD. Using RNA sequencing and BMDExpress software, liver and/or kidney BEPOD values were generated in male rats exposed for 90 days to either Triclopyr Acid, Pronamide, Sulfoxaflor, or Fenpicoxamid. BEPOD values were compared to benchmark dose-derived apical POD values generated from rat 90-day and rodent carcinogenicity studies. Across all four agrochemicals, findings showed that a rat 90-day study BEPOD approximated the most sensitive apical POD (within 10-fold) generated from the 90-day rat study and long-term rodent carcinogenicity studies. This study supports the conclusion that a subchronic transcriptome-based BEPOD could be utilized to estimate an apical POD within a risk-based approach of chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity agrochemical assessment, abrogating the need for time- and resource-intensive rodent carcinogenicity studies and minimizing animal testing.
    MeSH term(s) Agrochemicals/toxicity ; Animals ; Carcinogenicity Tests ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Kidney Diseases/chemically induced ; Rats ; Toxicogenetics ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Agrochemicals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 782617-5
    ISSN 1873-6351 ; 0278-6915
    ISSN (online) 1873-6351
    ISSN 0278-6915
    DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111869
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 529: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Metabolic Basis for Nonlinearity in 1,3-Dichloropropene Toxicokinetics and Use in Setting a Kinetically-derived Maximum Inhalation Exposure Concentration in Mice.

    Bartels, Michael J / Hackett, Michael J / Himmelstein, Matthew W / Green, John W / Walker, Carl / Terry, Claire / Rasoulpour, Reza / Challender, Mary / Yan, Zhongyu June

    Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology

    2019  Volume 174, Issue 1, Page(s) 16–24

    Abstract: 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D) showed a statistically increased incidence of bronchioloalveolar adenomas in male B6C3F1 mice at 60 ppm air concentration during previous chronic inhalation testing. No tumors were observed in female mice, nor in either sex of ...

    Abstract 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D) showed a statistically increased incidence of bronchioloalveolar adenomas in male B6C3F1 mice at 60 ppm air concentration during previous chronic inhalation testing. No tumors were observed in female mice, nor in either sex of F344 rats up to 60 ppm, the highest dose tested. Therefore, to understand if lung tumors observed in high dose male mice are due to saturation of metabolic clearance, the linearity of 1,3-D concentrations in mouse blood was investigated on day 15 of repeated nose-only inhalation exposure to 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 90, and 120 ppm (6 h/d, 7 d/week). Additional groups were included at 20, 60, and 120 ppm for blood collection at 1.5 and 3 h of exposure and up to 25 or 40 min post-exposure to determine area-under-the-curve. The data provide multiple lines of evidence that systemic exposures to 1,3-D in the mouse become nonlinear at inhalation exposure levels of 30 ppm or above. A reduction in minute volume occurred at the highest exposure concentration. The glutathione (GSH)-dependent metabolism of 1,3-D results in significant depletion of GSH at repeated exposure levels of 30 ppm and above. This loss of GSH results in decreased metabolic clearance of this test material, with a concomitant increase of the 1,3-D isomers in circulating blood at exposure concentrations ≥30 ppm. Shifts in the ratio of cis- and trans-1,3-D also support nonlinear toxicokinetics well below 60 ppm. Based on this data, a kinetically derived maximum dose for 1,3-D in mice for repeated exposures should be at or below 30 ppm. These results support non-relevance of 1,3-D-induced benign pulmonary tumorigenicity in mice for human health risk assessment.
    MeSH term(s) Adenoma/chemically induced ; Adenoma/metabolism ; Allyl Compounds/blood ; Allyl Compounds/pharmacokinetics ; Allyl Compounds/toxicity ; Animals ; Carcinogens/metabolism ; Carcinogens/pharmacokinetics ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/blood ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/pharmacokinetics ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/toxicity ; Inhalation Exposure ; Lung/drug effects ; Lung/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Models, Theoretical ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Respiratory Rate/drug effects ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Factors ; Tissue Distribution ; Toxicokinetics
    Chemical Substances Allyl Compounds ; Carcinogens ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; 1,3-dichloro-1-propene (9H780918D0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1420885-4
    ISSN 1096-0929 ; 1096-6080
    ISSN (online) 1096-0929
    ISSN 1096-6080
    DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfz241
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1709: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Evaluation of potential human health effects associated with the agricultural uses of 1,3-D: Spatial and temporal stochastic risk analysis.

    Driver, Jeffrey H / Price, Paul S / Van Wesenbeeck, Ian / Ross, John H / Gehen, Sean / Holden, Larry R / Landenberger, Bryce / Hastings, Kerry / Yan, Zhongyu June / Rasoulpour, Reza

    The Science of the total environment

    2016  Volume 571, Page(s) 410–415

    Abstract: Dow AgroSciences (DAS) markets and sells 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D), the active ingredient in Telone®, which is used as a pre-plant soil fumigant nematicide in economically important crops in California. 1,3-D has been regulated as a "probable human ... ...

    Abstract Dow AgroSciences (DAS) markets and sells 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D), the active ingredient in Telone®, which is used as a pre-plant soil fumigant nematicide in economically important crops in California. 1,3-D has been regulated as a "probable human carcinogen" and the California Department of Pesticide Regulation limits use of 1,3-D based on human health risk assessments for bystanders. This paper presents a risk characterization for bystanders based on advances in the assessment of both exposure and hazard. The revised bystander risk assessment incorporates significant advances: 1) new data on residency duration and mobility in communities where 1,3-D is in high demand; 2) new information on spatial and temporal concentrations of 1,3-D in air based on multi-year modeling using a validated model; and 3) a new stochastic spatial and temporal model of long-term exposures. Predicted distributions of long-term, chronic exposures indicate that current, and anticipated uses of 1,3-D would result in lifetime average daily doses lower than 0.002mg/kg/d, a dose associated with theoretical lifetime excess cancer risk of <10(-5) to >95% of the local population based on a non-threshold risk assessment approach. Additionally, examination of 1,3-D toxicity studies including new chronic toxicity data and mechanism of action supports the use of a non-linear, threshold based risk assessment approach. The estimated maximum annual average daily dose of <0.0016mg/kg/d derived from the updated exposure assessment was then compared with a threshold point of departure. The calculated margin of exposure is >1000-fold, a clear indication of acceptable risk for human health. In summary, the best available science supports 1,3-D's threshold nature of hazard and the revised exposure assessment supports that current agricultural uses of 1,3-D are associated with reasonable certainty of no harm, i.e., estimated long-term exposures pose insignificant health risks to bystanders even when the non-threshold approach is assumed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.172
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