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  1. Article ; Online: Turning Crisis into Opportunities

    Yasheng Chen / Mohammad Islam Biswas

    Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12656, p

    How a Firm Can Enrich Its Business Operations Using Artificial Intelligence and Big Data during COVID-19

    2021  Volume 12656

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has severe impacts on global health and social and economic safety. The present study discusses strategies for turning the COVID-19 crisis into opportunities to use artificial intelligence (AI) and big data in business operations. ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has severe impacts on global health and social and economic safety. The present study discusses strategies for turning the COVID-19 crisis into opportunities to use artificial intelligence (AI) and big data in business operations. Based on the shared experience and theoretical ground, researchers identified five major business challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic: production and supply-chain disruption, appropriate business model selection, inventory management, budget planning, and workforce management. These five challenges were outlined with eight business cases as examples of companies that had already utilized AI and big data for their business operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights into contemporary social science research and business management with AI and big data applications as a business response to any crisis in the future.
    Keywords artificial intelligence ; big data ; business operations ; COVID-19 pandemic ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 650
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Analysis and research of quadruped robot’s legs

    Yuhai Zhong / Runxiao Wang / Huashan Feng / Yasheng Chen

    International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, Vol

    A comprehensive review

    2019  Volume 16

    Abstract: As an important basic component of quadruped robots, mechanical legs provide the robots with excellent maneuverability and versatility, which determine the core application performance such as job adaptability, walking speed, and load capacity. A large ... ...

    Abstract As an important basic component of quadruped robots, mechanical legs provide the robots with excellent maneuverability and versatility, which determine the core application performance such as job adaptability, walking speed, and load capacity. A large number of robotics institutes for the last few decades have studied mechanical legs used by quadruped robots and published many research results. In this article, we collect these research results and classify them into three categories (prismatic legs, articulated legs, and redundant articulated legs) according to the degrees of freedom and then introduce and analyze them. On this basis, we summarize and study the design methods of the actuators and mechanical leg structures. Finally, we make some suggestions for the development of quadruped robot’s legs in the future. The motivation of this review is to summarize and analyze previous research efforts and provide useful guidance for future robotic designers to develop more efficient mechanical legs of quadruped robots.
    Keywords Electronics ; TK7800-8360 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Subject code 629
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SAGE Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Neuroinflammation and amyloid deposition in the progression of mixed Alzheimer and vascular dementia

    Chunwei Ying / Peter Kang / Michael M. Binkley / Andria L. Ford / Yasheng Chen / Jason Hassenstab / Qing Wang / Jeremy Strain / John C. Morris / Jin-Moo Lee / Tammie L.S. Benzinger / Hongyu An

    NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 38, Iss , Pp 103373- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) pathologies coexist in patients with cognitive impairment. Abnormal amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition is the hallmark pathologic biomarker for AD. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) pathologies coexist in patients with cognitive impairment. Abnormal amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition is the hallmark pathologic biomarker for AD. Neuroinflammation may be a pathophysiological mechanism in both AD and VCID. In this study, we aimed to understand the role of neuroinflammation and Aβ deposition in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) progression and cognitive decline over a decade in patients with mixed AD and VCID pathologies. Methods: Twenty-four elderly participants (median [interquartile range] age 78 [64.8, 83] years old, 14 female) were recruited from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center. 11C-PK11195 standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) and 11C-PiB mean cortical binding potential (MCBP) were used to evaluate neuroinflammation and Aβ deposition in-vivo, respectively. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR images were acquired to obtain baseline WMH volume and its progression over 11.5 years. Composite cognitive scores (global, processing speed and memory) were computed at baseline and follow-up over 7.5 years. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the association between PET biomarkers (11C-PK11195 SUVR and 11C-PiB MCBP) and baseline WMH volume and cognitive function. Moreover, linear mixed-effects models evaluated whether PET biomarkers predicted greater WMH progression or cognitive decline over a decade. Results: Fifteen participants (62.5%) had mixed AD (positive PiB) and VCID (at least one vascular risk factor) pathologies. Elevated 11C-PK11195 SUVR, but not 11C-PiB MCBP, was associated with greater baseline WMH volume and predicted greater WMH progression. Elevated 11C-PiB MCBP was associated with baseline memory and global cognition. Elevated 11C-PK11195 SUVR and elevated 11C-PiB MCBP independently predicted greater global cognition and processing speed declines. No association was found between 11C-PK11195 SUVR and 11C-PiB MCBP. Conclusions: Neuroinflammation and Aβ ...
    Keywords Neuroinflammation ; Amyloid beta peptides ; White matter hyperintensities ; Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429
    Subject code 120 ; 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Development trends of white matter connectivity in the first years of life.

    Pew-Thian Yap / Yong Fan / Yasheng Chen / John H Gilmore / Weili Lin / Dinggang Shen

    PLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 9, p e

    2011  Volume 24678

    Abstract: The human brain is organized into a collection of interacting networks with specialized functions to support various cognitive functions. Recent research has reached a consensus that the brain manifests small-world topology, which implicates both global ... ...

    Abstract The human brain is organized into a collection of interacting networks with specialized functions to support various cognitive functions. Recent research has reached a consensus that the brain manifests small-world topology, which implicates both global and local efficiency at minimal wiring costs, and also modular organization, which indicates functional segregation and specialization. However, the important questions of how and when the small-world topology and modular organization come into existence remain largely unanswered. Taking a graph theoretic approach, we attempt to shed light on this matter by an in vivo study, using diffusion tensor imaging based fiber tractography, on 39 healthy pediatric subjects with longitudinal data collected at average ages of 2 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years. Our results indicate that the small-world architecture exists at birth with efficiency that increases in later stages of development. In addition, we found that the networks are broad scale in nature, signifying the existence of pivotal connection hubs and resilience of the brain network to random and targeted attacks. We also observed, with development, that the brain network seems to evolve progressively from a local, predominantly proximity based, connectivity pattern to a more distributed, predominantly functional based, connectivity pattern. These observations suggest that the brain in the early years of life has relatively efficient systems that may solve similar information processing problems, but in divergent ways.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Automated quantification of cerebral edema following hemispheric infarction

    Yasheng Chen / Rajat Dhar / Laura Heitsch / Andria Ford / Israel Fernandez-Cadenas / Caty Carrera / Joan Montaner / Weili Lin / Dinggang Shen / Hongyu An / Jin-Moo Lee

    NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 12, Iss C, Pp 673-

    Application of a machine-learning algorithm to evaluate CSF shifts on serial head CTs

    2016  Volume 680

    Abstract: Although cerebral edema is a major cause of death and deterioration following hemispheric stroke, there remains no validated biomarker that captures the full spectrum of this critical complication. We recently demonstrated that reduction in intracranial ... ...

    Abstract Although cerebral edema is a major cause of death and deterioration following hemispheric stroke, there remains no validated biomarker that captures the full spectrum of this critical complication. We recently demonstrated that reduction in intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume (∆CSF) on serial computed tomography (CT) scans provides an accurate measure of cerebral edema severity, which may aid in early triaging of stroke patients for craniectomy. However, application of such a volumetric approach would be too cumbersome to perform manually on serial scans in a real-world setting. We developed and validated an automated technique for CSF segmentation via integration of random forest (RF) based machine learning with geodesic active contour (GAC) segmentation. The proposed RF + GAC approach was compared to conventional Hounsfield Unit (HU) thresholding and RF segmentation methods using Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and the correlation of volumetric measurements, with manual delineation serving as the ground truth. CSF spaces were outlined on scans performed at baseline (<6 h after stroke onset) and early follow-up (FU) (closest to 24 h) in 38 acute ischemic stroke patients. RF performed significantly better than optimized HU thresholding (p < 10−4 in baseline and p < 10−5 in FU) and RF + GAC performed significantly better than RF (p < 10−3 in baseline and p < 10−5 in FU). Pearson correlation coefficients between the automatically detected ∆CSF and the ground truth were r = 0.178 (p = 0.285), r = 0.876 (p < 10−6) and r = 0.879 (p < 10−6) for thresholding, RF and RF + GAC, respectively, with a slope closer to the line of identity in RF + GAC. When we applied the algorithm trained from images of one stroke center to segment CTs from another center, similar findings held. In conclusion, we have developed and validated an accurate automated approach to segment CSF and calculate its shifts on serial CT scans. This algorithm will allow us to efficiently and accurately measure the ...
    Keywords Active contour ; Cerebral edema ; CSF segmentation ; Ischemic stroke CT ; Mass effect ; Random forest ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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