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  1. Article ; Online: Unlocking the potential of Dongting Lake-grown Miscanthus lutarioriparius biomass: A comprehensive quality analysis and bioproduct application study

    Xu, Qiang / Wu, Shenglan / Fu, Tongcheng / Xu, Yi / Yang, Sai / Li, Meng / Yi, Zili / Xue, Shuai

    Science of the Total Environment. 2023 Oct., v. 896 p.165276-

    2023  

    Abstract: Miscanthus lutarioriparius grown in Dongting Lake has an annual biomass yield potential of 1 million tons. However, with the shutdown of its previous utilization for paper-making, abandoning this huge amount of biomass has caused serious economic, ... ...

    Abstract Miscanthus lutarioriparius grown in Dongting Lake has an annual biomass yield potential of 1 million tons. However, with the shutdown of its previous utilization for paper-making, abandoning this huge amount of biomass has caused serious economic, ecological, and social problems. Constructing an industrial cluster to continuously convert biomass into various bioproducts is a win-win measure to address this dilemma. With the increasing confirmation of the importance of biomass quality affecting the conservation process, fully understanding the biomass characteristics of Dongting Lake-grown M. lutarioriparius is crucial for building a scientific industrial cluster. The present work is designed to explore the variation in biomass quality across the entire Dongting Lake area. Results show that the biomass contented with Cd, Mn, Zn, and Cr has significant geographical differences, with a general trend of Southern Dongting Lake-grown biomass having a higher concentration than that from Eastern and Western Dongting Lake areas. Moreover, significant differences are found in terms of biomass ash content, lignin content, and the degree of polymerization of cellulose (DP). The biomass with low ash content is generally from the entire Eastern Dongting Lake area and the northern part of the Western Dongting Lake area. Virtually all Western Dongting Lake-grown biomass has a low lignin content (approximately 18 %). Regarding the spatial variation of DP, Eastern Dongting Lake-grown biomass has a higher DP (average at 585.33) than that in Southern (575.15) and then Western Dongting Lake (529.16). Based on these quality indicators, the biomass production potentials for bioethanol, biochar, and xylo-oligosaccharide were calculated and visualized. Results show that biomass from almost the entire Western and Eastern Dongting Lake area is suitable for bioethanol and xylo-oligosaccharide production, while biomass from the Southern Dongting Lake area for biochar production. These results provide scientific guidance for the future utilization of Dongting Lake-grown M. lutarioriparius biomass.
    Keywords Miscanthus lutarioriparius ; ash content ; biochar ; bioethanol ; biomass production ; cellulose ; environment ; lakes ; lignin content ; polymerization ; Biomass quality ; Geographical variation ; Biofuel ; Xylo-oligosaccharide ; Production potential
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-10
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165276
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: A Sampling Strategy to Develop a Primary Core Collection of Miscanthus spp. in China Based on Phenotypic Traits

    Liu, Shuling / Zheng, Cheng / Xiang, Wei / Yi, Zili / Xiao, Liang

    Agronomy. 2022 Mar. 11, v. 12, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: Core collections can act as a genetic germplasm resource for biologists and breeders. Thirty-seven phenotypic traits from 471 Miscanthus accessions in China were used to design 203 sampling schemes to screen the genetic variations in different sampling ... ...

    Abstract Core collections can act as a genetic germplasm resource for biologists and breeders. Thirty-seven phenotypic traits from 471 Miscanthus accessions in China were used to design 203 sampling schemes to screen the genetic variations in different sampling strategies. The sampling was analyzed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and the Euclidean distance (Euclid). Several parameters including the variance of phenotypic value (VPV), Shannon–Weaver diversity index (H), coefficient of variation (CV), variance of phenotypic frequency (VPF), ratio of phenotype retained (RPR), the mean difference percentage (MD%) and the variance difference percentage of traits (VD%), the range coincidence rate (CR%) and the variable rate of quantitative traits (VR%) were used to evaluate the level of representation of the primary core collections developed by the different sampling schemes. Based on the optimal sampling strategies of prior selecting accessions, a primary core collection was constructed that maintained > 99.5% of the VPV and a CR% of 100%. This study indicates that the optimal sampling scheme consisted of prior and deviation sampling methods (PD) combined with a logarithmic proportional sampling strategy (LG) of 37.4% of the actual sampling ratio. Sampling before clustering can improve several parameters including the H, CV, RPR, VPF, and CR%. Sampling strategies including the genetic diversity index (G), logarithmic proportional (LG) and the square root proportional strategy (SG) can improve the H, whilst the constant strategy (C) can improve the RPR and VPF when the sampling scale was >30%. Furthermore, the proportional strategy (P) can improve the VPV.
    Keywords Miscanthus ; agronomy ; genetic variation ; germplasm ; phenotype ; variance ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0311
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2607043-1
    ISSN 2073-4395
    ISSN 2073-4395
    DOI 10.3390/agronomy12030678
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Biomodification of feedstock for quality-improved biochar: A green method to enhance the Cd sorption capacity of Miscanthus lutarioriparius-derived biochar

    Xu, Yi / Wu, Shenglan / Huang, Fengguang / Huang, Hongmei / Yi, Zili / Xue, Shuai

    Journal of cleaner production. 2022 Mar. 05,

    2022  

    Abstract: Severe environmental and ecological problems have resulted due to the unharvested Miscanthus lutarioriparius biomass in Dongting Lake, the largest miscanthus production hub in the world. Pyrolyzing the miscanthus biomass to produce biochar is a win–win ... ...

    Abstract Severe environmental and ecological problems have resulted due to the unharvested Miscanthus lutarioriparius biomass in Dongting Lake, the largest miscanthus production hub in the world. Pyrolyzing the miscanthus biomass to produce biochar is a win–win strategy for abandoned miscanthus biomass utilization and Cd-polluted paddy restoration in Hunan. However, the sorption efficiency of biochar requires improvement by modification. It is theoretically possible that biological modification by fungi and bacteria as well as a modification technique using Fe will increase the Cd sorption capacity. Thus, the current study used two biomass biomodification techniques, FB (fungal decomposition) and BB (bacterial digestion), and one biochar Fe-modification technique (by NH₃·H₂O–FeCl₃), and determined their ability to improve biochar quality. The results showed that the biomass modification by FB and BB increased the Cd sorption capacity of the derived biochar. The Cd sorption capacity of FB-derived biochar (36.4 mg g⁻¹) was significantly greater as compared to BB-derived biochar (30.2 mg g⁻¹) and the unmodified control (14.8 mg g⁻¹). This improvement can be further optimized by Fe-modification, with an average potential of 22.2% (13.5–32.3%). The increased Cd sorption capacity is attributed to (in descending order of importance) the increased amount of ash, specific surface area, amount of alkaline functional groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups, and the pH of the biochar after modification. The Fe-FB (650)-derived biochar was tested and exhibited the highest Cd sorption capacity, at 64.9 mg g⁻¹. Biomodification of M. lutarioriparius biomass and its subsequent pyrolysis to produce biochar will simultaneously provide economic and ecological benefits. This approach provides a model for the integrated production of food and energy from biomass.
    Keywords Miscanthus lutarioriparius ; biochar ; biomass ; digestion ; energy ; feedstocks ; fungi ; lakes ; models ; pH ; paddies ; pyrolysis ; sorption ; surface area ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0305
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ISSN 0959-6526
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131241
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Correction to: TGF‑β‑induced α‑SMA expression is mediated by C/EBPβ acetylation in human alveolar epithelial cells.

    Ding, Hui / Chen, Jinjun / Qin, Jingping / Chen, Ruhua / Yi, Zili

    Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 75

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 1283676-x
    ISSN 1528-3658 ; 1076-1551
    ISSN (online) 1528-3658
    ISSN 1076-1551
    DOI 10.1186/s10020-021-00340-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: TGF-β-induced α-SMA expression is mediated by C/EBPβ acetylation in human alveolar epithelial cells.

    Ding, Hui / Chen, Jinjun / Qin, Jingping / Chen, Ruhua / Yi, Zili

    Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 22

    Abstract: Background: Although the morbidity and mortality rates associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are high, there is still lack of powerful and precise therapeutic options for IPF.: Object: Through in vitro model, this study sought to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Although the morbidity and mortality rates associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are high, there is still lack of powerful and precise therapeutic options for IPF.
    Object: Through in vitro model, this study sought to determine whether binding of acetylated CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) to alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) promoter could affect the activity of the latter as well as assess if it is essential for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix deposition in IPF.
    Methods: The expression of EMT and C/EBPβ in A549 cells treated with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) as pulmonary fibrotic model was detected by western blotting and qPCR. Collagen-I expression using ELISA was performed. The luciferase activity was used to examine the activity of C/EBPβ. Knockdown of C/EBPβ was performed by siRNA. We also investigated the effect of deacetylation of C/EBPβ on EMT using sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). The binding ability of C/EBPβ with α-SMA promoter was affirmed via chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). The relationship between α-SMA and acetylated C/EBPβ was determined with co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). SiRNA-mediated knockdown of C/EBPβ in A549 cells attenuated TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation and ECM deposition. The extent of association between acetylated C/EBPβ and α-SMA promoter was dynamically monitored.
    Results: It was confirmed that deacetylation of C/EBPβ in A549 cells successfully ameliorated TGF-β1-induced EMT, as shown by reduction in α-SMA expression and excessive collagen-I accumulation.
    Conclusion: The EMT and fibrotic effect of TGF-β1 is dependent on acetylated C/EBPβ-mediated regulation of α-SMA gene activity. Thus, C/EBPβ acetylation may play a central role in pulmonary fibrosis.
    MeSH term(s) A549 Cells ; Acetylation ; Actins/genetics ; Actins/metabolism ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Antigens, CD/metabolism ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/genetics ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/metabolism ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Collagen Type I/metabolism ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta
    Chemical Substances ACTA2 protein, human ; Actins ; Antigens, CD ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta ; CDH1 protein, human ; CEBPB protein, human ; Cadherins ; Collagen Type I ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transforming Growth Factor beta
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1283676-x
    ISSN 1528-3658 ; 1076-1551
    ISSN (online) 1528-3658
    ISSN 1076-1551
    DOI 10.1186/s10020-021-00283-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Investigation of genetic relationships within three Miscanthus species using SNP markers identified with SLAF-seq.

    Chen, Zhiyong / He, Yancen / Iqbal, Yasir / Shi, Yanlan / Huang, Hongmei / Yi, Zili

    BMC genomics

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 43

    Abstract: Background: Miscanthus, which is a leading dedicated-energy grass in Europe and in parts of Asia, is expected to play a key role in the development of the future bioeconomy. However, due to its complex genetic background, it is difficult to investigate ... ...

    Abstract Background: Miscanthus, which is a leading dedicated-energy grass in Europe and in parts of Asia, is expected to play a key role in the development of the future bioeconomy. However, due to its complex genetic background, it is difficult to investigate phylogenetic relationships in this genus. Here, we investigated 50 Miscanthus germplasms: 1 female parent (M. lutarioriparius), 30 candidate male parents (M. lutarioriparius, M. sinensis, and M. sacchariflorus), and 19 offspring. We used high-throughput Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) to identify informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all germplasms.
    Results: We identified 257,889 SLAF tags, of which 87,162 were polymorphic. Each tag was 264-364 bp long. The obtained 724,773 population SNPs were used to investigate genetic relationships within three species of Miscanthus. We constructed a phylogenetic tree of the 50 germplasms using the obtained SNPs and grouped them into two clades: one clade comprised of M. sinensis alone and the other one included the offspring, M. lutarioriparius, and M. sacchariflorus. Genetic cluster analysis had revealed that M. lutarioriparius germplasm C3 was the most likely male parent of the offspring.
    Conclusions: As a high-throughput sequencing method, SLAF-seq can be used to identify informative SNPs in Miscanthus germplasms and to rapidly characterize genetic relationships within this genus. Our results will support the development of breeding programs with the focus on utilizing Miscanthus cultivars with elite biomass- or fiber-production potential for the developing bioeconomy.
    MeSH term(s) Asia ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Phylogeny ; Poaceae/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041499-7
    ISSN 1471-2164 ; 1471-2164
    ISSN (online) 1471-2164
    ISSN 1471-2164
    DOI 10.1186/s12864-021-08277-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Unlocking the potential of Dongting Lake-grown Miscanthus lutarioriparius biomass: A comprehensive quality analysis and bioproduct application study.

    Xu, Qiang / Wu, Shenglan / Fu, Tongcheng / Xu, Yi / Yang, Sai / Li, Meng / Yi, Zili / Xue, Shuai

    The Science of the total environment

    2023  Volume 896, Page(s) 165276

    Abstract: Miscanthus lutarioriparius grown in Dongting Lake has an annual biomass yield potential of 1 million tons. However, with the shutdown of its previous utilization for paper-making, abandoning this huge amount of biomass has caused serious economic, ... ...

    Abstract Miscanthus lutarioriparius grown in Dongting Lake has an annual biomass yield potential of 1 million tons. However, with the shutdown of its previous utilization for paper-making, abandoning this huge amount of biomass has caused serious economic, ecological, and social problems. Constructing an industrial cluster to continuously convert biomass into various bioproducts is a win-win measure to address this dilemma. With the increasing confirmation of the importance of biomass quality affecting the conservation process, fully understanding the biomass characteristics of Dongting Lake-grown M. lutarioriparius is crucial for building a scientific industrial cluster. The present work is designed to explore the variation in biomass quality across the entire Dongting Lake area. Results show that the biomass contented with Cd, Mn, Zn, and Cr has significant geographical differences, with a general trend of Southern Dongting Lake-grown biomass having a higher concentration than that from Eastern and Western Dongting Lake areas. Moreover, significant differences are found in terms of biomass ash content, lignin content, and the degree of polymerization of cellulose (DP). The biomass with low ash content is generally from the entire Eastern Dongting Lake area and the northern part of the Western Dongting Lake area. Virtually all Western Dongting Lake-grown biomass has a low lignin content (approximately 18 %). Regarding the spatial variation of DP, Eastern Dongting Lake-grown biomass has a higher DP (average at 585.33) than that in Southern (575.15) and then Western Dongting Lake (529.16). Based on these quality indicators, the biomass production potentials for bioethanol, biochar, and xylo-oligosaccharide were calculated and visualized. Results show that biomass from almost the entire Western and Eastern Dongting Lake area is suitable for bioethanol and xylo-oligosaccharide production, while biomass from the Southern Dongting Lake area for biochar production. These results provide scientific guidance for the future utilization of Dongting Lake-grown M. lutarioriparius biomass.
    MeSH term(s) Environmental Monitoring ; Biomass ; Lignin/analysis ; Lakes/analysis ; Poaceae ; China
    Chemical Substances biochar ; Lignin (9005-53-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165276
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Book ; Online: ReGANIE

    Li, Bingchuan / Ma, Tianxiang / Zhang, Peng / Hua, Miao / Liu, Wei / He, Qian / Yi, Zili

    Rectifying GAN Inversion Errors for Accurate Real Image Editing

    2023  

    Abstract: The StyleGAN family succeed in high-fidelity image generation and allow for flexible and plausible editing of generated images by manipulating the semantic-rich latent style space.However, projecting a real image into its latent space encounters an ... ...

    Abstract The StyleGAN family succeed in high-fidelity image generation and allow for flexible and plausible editing of generated images by manipulating the semantic-rich latent style space.However, projecting a real image into its latent space encounters an inherent trade-off between inversion quality and editability. Existing encoder-based or optimization-based StyleGAN inversion methods attempt to mitigate the trade-off but see limited performance. To fundamentally resolve this problem, we propose a novel two-phase framework by designating two separate networks to tackle editing and reconstruction respectively, instead of balancing the two. Specifically, in Phase I, a W-space-oriented StyleGAN inversion network is trained and used to perform image inversion and editing, which assures the editability but sacrifices reconstruction quality. In Phase II, a carefully designed rectifying network is utilized to rectify the inversion errors and perform ideal reconstruction. Experimental results show that our approach yields near-perfect reconstructions without sacrificing the editability, thus allowing accurate manipulation of real images. Further, we evaluate the performance of our rectifying network, and see great generalizability towards unseen manipulation types and out-of-domain images.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-01-30
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Book ; Online: XMP-Font

    Liu, Wei / Liu, Fangyue / Ding, Fei / He, Qian / Yi, Zili

    Self-Supervised Cross-Modality Pre-training for Few-Shot Font Generation

    2022  

    Abstract: Generating a new font library is a very labor-intensive and time-consuming job for glyph-rich scripts. Few-shot font generation is thus required, as it requires only a few glyph references without fine-tuning during test. Existing methods follow the ... ...

    Abstract Generating a new font library is a very labor-intensive and time-consuming job for glyph-rich scripts. Few-shot font generation is thus required, as it requires only a few glyph references without fine-tuning during test. Existing methods follow the style-content disentanglement paradigm and expect novel fonts to be produced by combining the style codes of the reference glyphs and the content representations of the source. However, these few-shot font generation methods either fail to capture content-independent style representations, or employ localized component-wise style representations, which is insufficient to model many Chinese font styles that involve hyper-component features such as inter-component spacing and "connected-stroke". To resolve these drawbacks and make the style representations more reliable, we propose a self-supervised cross-modality pre-training strategy and a cross-modality transformer-based encoder that is conditioned jointly on the glyph image and the corresponding stroke labels. The cross-modality encoder is pre-trained in a self-supervised manner to allow effective capture of cross- and intra-modality correlations, which facilitates the content-style disentanglement and modeling style representations of all scales (stroke-level, component-level and character-level). The pre-trained encoder is then applied to the downstream font generation task without fine-tuning. Experimental comparisons of our method with state-of-the-art methods demonstrate our method successfully transfers styles of all scales. In addition, it only requires one reference glyph and achieves the lowest rate of bad cases in the few-shot font generation task 28% lower than the second best

    Comment: Accepted by CVPR2022
    Keywords Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
    Subject code 004
    Publishing date 2022-04-11
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Book ; Online: CLIP-GEN

    Wang, Zihao / Liu, Wei / He, Qian / Wu, Xinglong / Yi, Zili

    Language-Free Training of a Text-to-Image Generator with CLIP

    2022  

    Abstract: Training a text-to-image generator in the general domain (e.g., Dall.e, CogView) requires huge amounts of paired text-image data, which is too expensive to collect. In this paper, we propose a self-supervised scheme named as CLIP-GEN for general text-to- ... ...

    Abstract Training a text-to-image generator in the general domain (e.g., Dall.e, CogView) requires huge amounts of paired text-image data, which is too expensive to collect. In this paper, we propose a self-supervised scheme named as CLIP-GEN for general text-to-image generation with the language-image priors extracted with a pre-trained CLIP model. In our approach, we only require a set of unlabeled images in the general domain to train a text-to-image generator. Specifically, given an image without text labels, we first extract the embedding of the image in the united language-vision embedding space with the image encoder of CLIP. Next, we convert the image into a sequence of discrete tokens in the VQGAN codebook space (the VQGAN model can be trained with the unlabeled image dataset in hand). Finally, we train an autoregressive transformer that maps the image tokens from its unified language-vision representation. Once trained, the transformer can generate coherent image tokens based on the text embedding extracted from the text encoder of CLIP upon an input text. Such a strategy enables us to train a strong and general text-to-image generator with large text-free image dataset such as ImageNet. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations verify that our method significantly outperforms optimization-based text-to-image methods in terms of image quality while not compromising the text-image matching. Our method can even achieve comparable performance as flagship supervised models like CogView.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
    Publishing date 2022-03-01
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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