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  1. Article ; Online: Protocol for assessing total antioxidant capacity in minimal volumes of varying clinical human samples

    Yu-Ting Tsao / Yi-Jen Hsueh / Hung-Chi Chen / Chao-Min Cheng

    STAR Protocols, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 102822- (2024)

    2024  

    Abstract: Summary: Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), representative of the capacity to combat oxidative stress, is closely linked to numerous diseases. Here, we present a protocol for measuring TAC using minimal samples that are stable across varying pH levels and ...

    Abstract Summary: Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), representative of the capacity to combat oxidative stress, is closely linked to numerous diseases. Here, we present a protocol for measuring TAC using minimal samples that are stable across varying pH levels and at room temperature. We describe steps for preparing and loading samples and working solutions and conducting and analyzing the colorimetric reaction. Sample sources include aqueous humor, vitreous, tears, and plasma, which allow the protocol to be used in various clinical diagnostic settings.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to publications by Tsao et al. (2022).1,2 : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.
    Keywords Clinical Protocol ; Metabolism ; Biotechnology and bioengineering ; Chemistry ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: The Pathomechanism, Antioxidant Biomarkers, and Treatment of Oxidative Stress-Related Eye Diseases

    Yi-Jen Hsueh / Yen-Ning Chen / Yu-Ting Tsao / Chao-Min Cheng / Wei-Chi Wu / Hung-Chi Chen

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 1255, p

    2022  Volume 1255

    Abstract: Oxidative stress is an important pathomechanism found in numerous ocular degenerative diseases. To provide a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance-induced ocular diseases, this article summarizes and ... ...

    Abstract Oxidative stress is an important pathomechanism found in numerous ocular degenerative diseases. To provide a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance-induced ocular diseases, this article summarizes and provides updates on the relevant research. We review the oxidative damage (e.g., lipid peroxidation, DNA lesions, autophagy, and apoptosis) that occurs in different areas of the eye (e.g., cornea, anterior chamber, lens, retina, and optic nerve). We then introduce the antioxidant mechanisms present in the eye, as well as the ocular diseases that occur as a result of antioxidant imbalances (e.g., keratoconus, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma), the relevant antioxidant biomarkers, and the potential of predictive diagnostics. Finally, we discuss natural antioxidant therapies for oxidative stress-related ocular diseases.
    Keywords oxidative stress ; ocular diseases ; antioxidant biomarkers ; antioxidant therapy ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Corneal Endothelial Changes Following Early Capsulotomy Using Neodymium:Yttrium–Aluminum–Garnet Laser

    Hung-Chi Chen / Chia-Yi Lee / Chun-Fu Liu / Yi-Jen Hsueh / Yaa-Jyuhn James Meir / Chao-Min Cheng / Wei-Chi Wu

    Diagnostics, Vol 12, Iss 150, p

    2022  Volume 150

    Abstract: We aimed to survey whether the timing of neodymium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy would alter the corneal endothelial morphology and density. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and 48 patients with unilateral posterior ... ...

    Abstract We aimed to survey whether the timing of neodymium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy would alter the corneal endothelial morphology and density. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and 48 patients with unilateral posterior capsular opacity (PCO) and Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy performance were enrolled. The participants were divided into the early Nd:YAG group (timing ≤ 12 months, n = 20) and late Nd:YAG group (timing > 12 months, n = 28) depending on elapsed months between phacoemulsification and Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variant (CV), hexagonality (HEX), and central corneal thickness (CCT) between the two groups were collected. A generalized estimate equation was conducted to evaluate the corneal endothelial parameters between the two groups with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The CDVA was improved after treatment in both groups (both p < 0.001). Chronically, ECD in the early group was significantly decreased one week after treatment (2221.50 ± 327.73/mm 2 vs. 2441.55 ± 321.80/mm 2 , p < 0.001), which recovered to 2369.95 ± 76.37/mm 2 four weeks after the treatment but was still lower than the preoperative status ( p < 0.001). In addition, the HEX percentage showed a significant reduction at four weeks after treatment ( p = 0.028). The ECD in the early group was significantly lower than that in the late group (aOR: 0.167, 95% CI: 0.079–0.356, p = 0.003) in both week 1 ( p < 0.001) and week 4 ( p = 0.004) after laser treatment. In conclusion, the early application of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy within one year after cataract surgery may be the reason for postoperative ECD decrement without known etiology.
    Keywords Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy ; corneal endothelium ; endothelial cell density ; posterior capsular opacification ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Extraneous E-Cadherin Engages the Deterministic Process of Somatic Reprogramming through Modulating STAT3 and Erk1/2 Activity

    Yu-Hao Liu / Chien-Chang Chen / Yi-Jen Hsueh / Li-Man Hung / David Hui-Kang Ma / Hung-Chi Chen / Wen-Bin Len / Yaa-Jyuhn J. Meir

    Cells, Vol 10, Iss 284, p

    2021  Volume 284

    Abstract: Although several modes of reprogramming have been reported in different cell types during iPSC induction, the molecular mechanism regarding the selection of different modes of action is still mostly unknown. The present study examined the molecular ... ...

    Abstract Although several modes of reprogramming have been reported in different cell types during iPSC induction, the molecular mechanism regarding the selection of different modes of action is still mostly unknown. The present study examined the molecular events that participate in the selection of such processes at the onset of somatic reprogramming. The activity of STAT3 versus that of Erk1/2 reversibly determines the reprogramming mode entered; a lower activity ratio favors the deterministic process and vice versa. Additionally, extraneous E-cadherin facilitates the early events of somatic reprogramming, potentially by stabilizing the LIF/gp130 and EGFR/ErbB2 complexes to promote entry into the deterministic process. Our current findings demonstrated that manipulating the pSTAT3/pErk1/2 activity ratio in the surrounding milieu can drive different modes of action toward either the deterministic or the stochastic process in the context of OSKM-mediated somatic reprogramming.
    Keywords induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) ; somatic reprogramming ; Col1a1 4F2A Oct4-GFP ; reprogrammable mouse ; stochastic and deterministic model ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Accelerated Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss after Phacoemulsification in Patients with Mildly Low Endothelial Cell Density

    Hung-Chi Chen / Chen-Wei Huang / Lung-Kun Yeh / Fang-Chi Hsiao / Yi-Jen Hsueh / Yaa-Jyuhn James Meir / Kuan-Jen Chen / Chao-Min Cheng / Wei-Chi Wu

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 2270, p

    2021  Volume 2270

    Abstract: By evaluating preoperative endothelial cell density (ECD), ECD loss after phacoemulsification can be predicted. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we compared outcomes of phacoemulsification with different levels of preoperative ECD. Three- ... ...

    Abstract By evaluating preoperative endothelial cell density (ECD), ECD loss after phacoemulsification can be predicted. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we compared outcomes of phacoemulsification with different levels of preoperative ECD. Three-hundred-and-fifty-three patients aged between 18 and 90 years received phacoemulsification at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Age ( p = 0.003), preoperative logMAR ( p = 0.048), cataract grade ( p = 0.005), preoperative ECD ( p < 0.001), operation time ( p = 0.043), phacoemulsification time ( p = 0.001), and phacoemulsification energy ( p < 0.001) were significantly associated with postoperative ECD change (%). Patients were divided into three groups according to preoperative ECD levels. Level of ECD, coefficient of variation (CV), cell hexagonality (HEX), central corneal thickness (CCT), visual acuity, underlying diseases, and complications were analyzed. With regard to groups, 29, 71, and 252 patients were respectively allocated into the markedly low (group A; ECD below 1000 cells/mm 2 ), mildly low (group B; ECD between 1000 to 2000 cells/mm 2 ), and normal (group C; ECD above 2000 cells/mm 2 ) ECD level groups. The highest CV (40.8 ± 13.9%; p < 0.001) and lowest HEX (58.4 ± 14.6%; p < 0.001) were found in group A. Significant ECD loss was found in group B (28.9 ± 9.2%) as compared to group A (19.9 ± 5.4%) and C (15.0 ± 12.0%) ( p < 0.001). No significant differences were found with regard to changes in CV ( p = 0.941), HEX ( p = 0.937), CCT ( p = 0.346), and logMAR ( p = 0.557) among the three groups. In conclusion, preoperative ECD level could be a novel predictive value for postoperative cell loss, which was the most prominent in mildly low ECD level group. Less phacoemulsification energy, earlier surgical intervention, or novel topical medications could be suggested for patients with an ECD range from 1000 to 2000 cells/mm 2 .
    Keywords cataract ; phacoemulsification ; corneal endothelial cells ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Long-term survival of cultivated oral mucosal epithelial cells in human cornea

    David Hui-Kang Ma / Yi-Jen Hsueh / Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma / Yueh-Ju Tsai / Shiang-Fu Huang / Hung-Chi Chen / Chi-Chin Sun / Ming-Tse Kuo / An-Shine Chao / Jui-Yang Lai

    Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    generating cell sheets using an animal product-free culture protocol

    2021  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Previously, we reported a collagenase-based, animal product-free protocol for cultivated oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets for transplantation (COMET). Here, we reported the long-term outcomes of first 2 clinical cases. A 27-year-old man ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Previously, we reported a collagenase-based, animal product-free protocol for cultivated oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets for transplantation (COMET). Here, we reported the long-term outcomes of first 2 clinical cases. A 27-year-old man suffered from thermal burn, which resulted in symblepharon of lower fornix OD. COMET was performed, and the cornea remained clear with few peripheral NV and no more symblepharon 34 months postoperatively. Another 42-year-old man suffered from severe alkaline burn OD. He underwent COMET, followed by corneal transplantation half a year later. A biopsy taken two years after COMET showed stratified epithelium positive for keratin 4, 13, and 3 in the suprabasal layer. Staining for p63 and p75NTR was both positive in the basal layer. The graft remained clear up to post-OP 4 years. Our study confirmed the long-term survival of the transplanted OMECs, suggesting that collagenase-based spheroidal suspension culture is a promising technique for COMET. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03943797 Registered 9 May 2019-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03943797 .
    Keywords COMET ; Collagenase ; Oral mucosa ; Amniotic membrane ; Microsphere ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Topical Ascorbic Acid Ameliorates Oxidative Stress-Induced Corneal Endothelial Damage via Suppression of Apoptosis and Autophagic Flux Blockage

    Yi-Jen Hsueh / Yaa-Jyuhn James Meir / Lung-Kun Yeh / Tze-Kai Wang / Chieh-Cheng Huang / Tsai-Te Lu / Chao-Min Cheng / Wei-Chi Wu / Hung-Chi Chen

    Cells, Vol 9, Iss 943, p

    2020  Volume 943

    Abstract: Compromised pumping function of the corneal endothelium, due to loss of endothelial cells, results in corneal edema and subsequent visual problems. Clinically and experimentally, oxidative stress may cause corneal endothelial decompensation after ... ...

    Abstract Compromised pumping function of the corneal endothelium, due to loss of endothelial cells, results in corneal edema and subsequent visual problems. Clinically and experimentally, oxidative stress may cause corneal endothelial decompensation after phacoemulsification. Additionally, in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated the protective effects of intraoperative infusion of ascorbic acid (AA). Here, we established a paraquat-induced cell damage model, in which paraquat induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis in the B4G12 and ARPE-19 cell lines. We demonstrate that oxidative stress triggered autophagic flux blockage in corneal endothelial cells and that addition of AA ameliorated such oxidative damage. We also demonstrate the downregulation of Akt phosphorylation in response to oxidative stress. Pretreatment with ascorbic acid reduced the downregulation of Akt phosphorylation, while inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway attenuated the protective effects of AA. Further, we establish an in vivo rabbit model of corneal endothelial damage, in which an intracameral infusion of paraquat caused corneal opacity. Administration of AA via topical application increased its concentration in the corneal stroma and reduced oxidative stress in the corneal endothelium, thereby promoting corneal clarity. Our findings indicate a perioperative strategy of topical AA administration to prevent oxidative stress-induced damage, particularly for those with vulnerable corneal endothelia.
    Keywords ascorbic acid ; oxidative stress ; apoptosis ; autophagic flux blockage ; PI3K/Akt ; corneal endothelial cells ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 500 ; 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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