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  1. Book ; Online: Birkhoff-von Neumann Quantum Logic as an Assertion Language for Quantum Programs

    Ying, Mingsheng

    2022  

    Abstract: A first-order logic with quantum variables is needed as an assertion language for specifying and reasoning about various properties (e.g. correctness) of quantum programs. Surprisingly, such a logic is missing in the literature, and the existing first- ... ...

    Abstract A first-order logic with quantum variables is needed as an assertion language for specifying and reasoning about various properties (e.g. correctness) of quantum programs. Surprisingly, such a logic is missing in the literature, and the existing first-order Birkhoff-von Neumann quantum logic deals with only classical variables and quantifications over them. In this paper, we fill in this gap by introducing a first-order extension of Birkhoff-von Neumann quantum logic with universal and existential quantifiers over quantum variables. Examples are presented to show our logic is particularly suitable for specifying some important properties studied in quantum computation and quantum information. We further incorporate this logic into quantum Hoare logic as an assertion logic so that it can play a role similar to that of first-order logic for classical Hoare logic and BI-logic for separation logic. In particular, we show how it can be used to define and derive quantum generalisations of some adaptation rules that have been applied to significantly simplify verification of classical programs. It is expected that the assertion logic defined in this paper - first-order quantum logic with quantum variables - can be combined with various quantum program logics to serve as a solid logical foundation upon which verification tools can be built using proof assistants such as Coq and Isabelle/HOL.
    Keywords Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science ; Computer Science - Programming Languages ; Quantum Physics
    Subject code 160
    Publishing date 2022-05-04
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  2. Article ; Online: Efficacy of Low-dose Ketamine for Control of Acute Pain in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

    Ying, Mengyao / Zuo, Yuetun

    The western journal of emergency medicine

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 3, Page(s) 644–653

    Abstract: Introduction: Ketamine can be particularly helpful in situations where the clinician is not able to administer opioids and require an alternate analgesic, such as for patients who are already on high-dose opioids, have a history of addiction, or for ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Ketamine can be particularly helpful in situations where the clinician is not able to administer opioids and require an alternate analgesic, such as for patients who are already on high-dose opioids, have a history of addiction, or for opioid-naïve children and adults. In this review, our goal was to obtain a comprehensive estimate of the efficacy and safety of low-dose ketamine (dose less than 0.5 milligrams per kilogram or equivalent) compared to opiates for the control of acute pain in the emergency setting.
    Methods: We conducted systematic searches in PubMed Central, EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar from inception until November 2021. We used the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool to assess the quality of included studies.
    Results: We carried out a meta-analysis with a random-effects model and reported pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals depending on the type of the outcome. We analyzed a total of 15 studies with 1,613 participants. Half of them had high risk of bias and were conducted in the United States of America. The pooled SMD for pain score was -0.12 (95% CI -0.50-0.25; I2=68.8%) within 15 minutes, -0.45 (95% CI -0.84--0.07; I2=83.3%) within 30 minutes, -0.05 (95% CI -0.41-0.31; I2=86.9%) within 45 minutes, -0.07 (95% CI -0.41-0.26; I2=82%) within 60 minutes, and after 60 minutes the pooled SMD was 0.17 (95% CI -0.07-0.42; I2=64.8%). The pooled RR for need of rescue analgesics was 1.35 (95% CI 0.73-2.50; I2=82.2%). The pooled RRs were as follows: 1.18 (95% CI 0.76-1.84; I2=28.3%) for gastrointestinal side effects; 1.41 (95% CI 0.96-2.06; I2=29.7%) for neurological side effects; 2.83 (95% CI 0.98-8.18; I2=47%) for psychological side effects; and 0.58 (95% CI 0.23-1.48; I2=36.1%) for cardiopulmonary side effects.
    Conclusion: Low-dose ketamine might have higher or equivalent efficacy and safety when compared to opioids for managing acute pain among patients presenting to the emergency setting. However, further studies are required to establish conclusive evidence, owing to the heterogeneity and poor quality of existing studies.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Ketamine/adverse effects ; Acute Pain/drug therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Analgesics/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Ketamine (690G0D6V8H) ; Analgesics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2375700-0
    ISSN 1936-9018 ; 1936-9018
    ISSN (online) 1936-9018
    ISSN 1936-9018
    DOI 10.5811/westjem.2023.2.58368
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  3. Book ; Online: Model Checking for Verification of Quantum Circuits

    Ying, Mingsheng

    2021  

    Abstract: In this talk, we will describe a framework for assertion-based verification (ABV) of quantum circuits by applying model checking techniques for quantum systems developed in our previous work, in which: (i) Noiseless and noisy quantum circuits are ... ...

    Abstract In this talk, we will describe a framework for assertion-based verification (ABV) of quantum circuits by applying model checking techniques for quantum systems developed in our previous work, in which: (i) Noiseless and noisy quantum circuits are modelled as operator- and super-operator-valued transition systems, respectively, both of which can be further represented by tensor networks. (ii) Quantum assertions are specified by a temporal extension of Birkhoff-von Neumann quantum logic. Their semantics is defined based on the design decision: they will be used in verification of quantum circuits by simulation on classical computers or human reasoning rather than by quantum physics experiments (e.g. testing through measurements); (iii) Algorithms for reachability analysis and model checking of quantum circuits are developed based on contraction of tensor networks. We observe that many optimisation techniques for computing relational products used in BDD-based model checking algorithms can be generalised for contracting tensor networks of quantum circuits.
    Keywords Quantum Physics ; Computer Science - Hardware Architecture ; Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science
    Publishing date 2021-04-22
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  4. Article ; Online: Daidzein promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cell.

    Ying, Ming / Zhang, Bin

    Oral diseases

    2022  Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 1226–1233

    Abstract: Context: Daidzein is a kind of isoflavone compound with many biological functions. However, the specific mechanism regarding the treatment of periodontitis with daidzein is still unclear.: Objective: To investigate the effect of daidzein on the ... ...

    Abstract Context: Daidzein is a kind of isoflavone compound with many biological functions. However, the specific mechanism regarding the treatment of periodontitis with daidzein is still unclear.
    Objective: To investigate the effect of daidzein on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and its mechanism.
    Materials and methods: Human periodontal ligament stem cells from clinical samples were isolated in vitro and identified by flow cytometry. hPDLSCs were treated with different concentrations of daidzein. Cell proliferation ability and viability were measured by MTT assay and cell colony formation assay. Osteogenic differentiation and calcification of hPDLSCs were observed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining. Western blot was used to detect the expression of c-myc, CyclinD1, osteogenic differentiation-related proteins, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins in hPDLSCs.
    Results: human periodontal ligament stem cells were positive for surface antigens CD146, STRO-1, and CD90 expression, but negative for CD45 expression, indicating the successful isolation of hPDLSCs. In addition, daidzein could significantly promote the proliferation, cell viability, ALP activity, and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSC. At the same time, daidzein could notably increase the expression levels of c-myc, CyclinD1, osteogenic differentiation-related proteins, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins, while an inhibitor of Wnt/ β-catenin pathway, XAV-939, could reverse the effect caused by daidzein.
    Discussion and conclusion: Daidzein promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Periodontal Ligament ; Osteogenesis ; Cells, Cultured ; Cell Differentiation ; Stem Cells ; Cell Proliferation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-10
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1290529-x
    ISSN 1601-0825 ; 1354-523X
    ISSN (online) 1601-0825
    ISSN 1354-523X
    DOI 10.1111/odi.14113
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  5. Article ; Online: Tracing the electron flow in redox metabolism: The appropriate distribution of electrons is essential to maintain redox balance in cancer cells.

    Ying, Minfeng / Hu, Xun

    Seminars in cancer biology

    2022  Volume 87, Page(s) 32–47

    Abstract: Cancer cells are characterized by sustained proliferation, which requires a huge demand of fuels to support energy production and biosynthesis. Energy is produced by the oxidation of the fuels during catabolism, and biosynthesis is achieved by the ... ...

    Abstract Cancer cells are characterized by sustained proliferation, which requires a huge demand of fuels to support energy production and biosynthesis. Energy is produced by the oxidation of the fuels during catabolism, and biosynthesis is achieved by the reduction of smaller units or precursors. Therefore, the oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions in cancer cells are more active compared to those in the normal counterparts. The higher activity of redox metabolism also induces a more severe oxidative stress, raising the question of how cancer cells maintain the redox balance. In this review, we overview the redox metabolism of cancer cells in an electron-tracing view. The electrons are derived from the nutrients in the tumor microenvironment and released during catabolism. Most of the electrons are transferred to NAD(P) system and then directed to four destinations: energy production, ROS generation, reductive biosynthesis and antioxidant system. The appropriate distribution of these electrons achieved by the function of redox regulation network is essential to maintain redox homeostasis in cancer cells. Interfering with the electron distribution and disrupting redox balance by targeting the redox regulation network may provide therapeutic implications for cancer treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Electrons ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Neoplasms/pathology
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1033980-2
    ISSN 1096-3650 ; 1044-579X
    ISSN (online) 1096-3650
    ISSN 1044-579X
    DOI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.10.005
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    Zs.A 2922: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  6. Article: A deep learning knowledge distillation framework using knee MRI and arthroscopy data for meniscus tear detection.

    Ying, Mengjie / Wang, Yufan / Yang, Kai / Wang, Haoyuan / Liu, Xudong

    Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) 1326706

    Abstract: Purpose: ...

    Abstract Purpose:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2719493-0
    ISSN 2296-4185
    ISSN 2296-4185
    DOI 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1326706
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  7. Article ; Online: Stable Axially Chiral Cyclohexylidenes from Catalytic Asymmetric Knoevenagel Condensation.

    Ying, Meijia / Wang, Kaixuan / Yan, Wenjun / Pu, Maoping / Lin, Lili

    Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

    2024  , Page(s) e202401243

    Abstract: Axially chiral cycloalkylidenes are interesting but less developedaxially chiral molecules. Here, a bispidine-based chiral amine catalytic system was developed to promote efficiently the asymmetric Knoevenagel condensation ofN-protected oxindoles and ... ...

    Abstract Axially chiral cycloalkylidenes are interesting but less developedaxially chiral molecules. Here, a bispidine-based chiral amine catalytic system was developed to promote efficiently the asymmetric Knoevenagel condensation ofN-protected oxindoles and benzofuranones with 4-substituted cyclohexanones. A variety of alkylidenecycloalkanes with stable axial chirality were obtained in good yields with high er. Based on the absolute configuration determination of product and DFT calculations, a possible mechanism of stereoselective induction was proposed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1478547-X
    ISSN 1521-3765 ; 0947-6539
    ISSN (online) 1521-3765
    ISSN 0947-6539
    DOI 10.1002/chem.202401243
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  8. Article ; Online: Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel and nedaplatin for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

    Yan, Fang / Chen, Longpei / Ying, Mingzhen / Li, Jie / Fu, Qiang

    Immunotherapy

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) 305–317

    Abstract: Objective: ...

    Abstract Objective:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/drug therapy ; Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel/therapeutic use ; Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Paclitaxel/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
    Chemical Substances Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel ; nedaplatin (8UQ3W6JXAN) ; pembrolizumab (DPT0O3T46P) ; Paclitaxel (P88XT4IS4D) ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2495964-9
    ISSN 1750-7448 ; 1750-743X
    ISSN (online) 1750-7448
    ISSN 1750-743X
    DOI 10.2217/imt-2023-0188
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  9. Book ; Online: SymPhase

    Fang, Wang / Ying, Mingsheng

    Phase Symbolization for Fast Simulation of Stabilizer Circuits

    2023  

    Abstract: This paper proposes an efficient stabilizer circuit simulation algorithm that only traverses the circuit forward once. We introduce phase symbolization into stabilizer generators, which allows possible Pauli faults in the circuit to be accumulated ... ...

    Abstract This paper proposes an efficient stabilizer circuit simulation algorithm that only traverses the circuit forward once. We introduce phase symbolization into stabilizer generators, which allows possible Pauli faults in the circuit to be accumulated explicitly as symbolic expressions in the phases of stabilizer generators. This way, the measurement outcomes are also symbolic expressions, and we can sample them by substituting the symbolic variables with concrete values, without traversing the circuit repeatedly. We show how to integrate symbolic phases into the stabilizer tableau and maintain them efficiently using bit-vector encoding. A new data layout of the stabilizer tableau in memory is proposed, which improves the performance of our algorithm (and other stabilizer simulation algorithms based on the stabilizer tableau). We implement our algorithm and data layout in a Julia package named \texttt{SymPhase.jl}, and compare it with Stim, the state-of-the-art simulator, on several benchmarks. We show that \texttt{SymPhase.jl} has superior performance in terms of sampling time, which is crucial for generating a large number of samples for further analysis.

    Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures
    Keywords Quantum Physics ; Computer Science - Emerging Technologies
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-11-07
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  10. Book ; Online: Quantum Recursive Programming with Quantum Case Statements

    Ying, Mingsheng / Zhang, Zhicheng

    2023  

    Abstract: We introduce a novel scheme of quantum recursive programming, in which large unitary transformations, i.e. quantum gates, can be recursively defined using quantum case statements, which are quantum counterparts of conditionals and case statements ... ...

    Abstract We introduce a novel scheme of quantum recursive programming, in which large unitary transformations, i.e. quantum gates, can be recursively defined using quantum case statements, which are quantum counterparts of conditionals and case statements extensively used in classical programming. A simple programming language for supporting this kind of quantum recursion is defined, and its semantics is formally described. A series of examples are presented to show that some quantum algorithms can be elegantly written as quantum recursive programs.
    Keywords Computer Science - Programming Languages ; Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science ; Quantum Physics
    Publishing date 2023-11-03
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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