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Article ; Online: Tess’s freedom in Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the d’Urbervilles

Ying Peng

Cogent Arts & Humanities, Vol 8, Iss

2021 Volume 1

Abstract: Tess of the d’Urbervilles is traditionally read as a reflection of Thomas Hardy’s deterministic view of the world, and freedom seems to be a mere fantasy for Tess. However, in view of Jean-Paul Sartre’s philosophical concepts on freedom, Tess is free ... ...

Abstract	Tess of the d’Urbervilles is traditionally read as a reflection of Thomas Hardy’s deterministic view of the world, and freedom seems to be a mere fantasy for Tess. However, in view of Jean-Paul Sartre’s philosophical concepts on freedom, Tess is free despite the inevitability of the processes of biological nature and of circumstances in life, and the whole novel delineates how Tess, conscious of her position in life, strives against the natural flow of things through constant choices. This essay, employing Sartre’s relevant theory, attempts to offer an adequate account of Tess’s freedom which is manifested in consciousness of nothingness, alienation, dread, free choice and death to open up a new channel to interpret Tess of the d’Urbervilles and to draw readers’ attention to the optimistic and the inspiring in Hardy’s novels.
Keywords	consciousness ; alienation ; dread ; free choice ; death ; Fine Arts ; N ; Arts in general ; NX1-820 ; General Works ; A ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999
Subject code	820
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Methods, Mechanisms, and Application Prospects for Enhancing Extracellular Vesicle Uptake.

Xu, Ying-Peng / Jiang, Tao / Yang, Xiao-Fan / Chen, Zhen-Bing

Current medical science

2024 Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 247–260

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered to be a new generation of bioinspired nanoscale drug delivery systems due to their low immunogenicity, natural functionality, and excellent biocompatibility. However, limitations such as low uptake efficiency, ... ...

Abstract	Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered to be a new generation of bioinspired nanoscale drug delivery systems due to their low immunogenicity, natural functionality, and excellent biocompatibility. However, limitations such as low uptake efficiency, insufficient production, and inhomogeneous performance undermine their potential. To address these issues, numerous researchers have put forward various methods and applications for enhancing EV uptake in recent decades. In this review, we introduce various methods for the cellular uptake of EVs and summarize recent advances on the methods and mechanisms for enhancing EV uptake. In addition, we provide further understanding regarding enhancing EV uptake and put forward prospects and challenges for the development of EV-based therapy in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Extracellular Vesicles ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	China
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2931065-9
ISSN	2523-899X ; 2096-5230
ISSN (online)	2523-899X
ISSN	2096-5230
DOI	10.1007/s11596-024-2861-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Complementary label learning based on knowledge distillation.

Ying, Peng / Li, Zhongnian / Sun, Renke / Xu, Xinzheng

Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE

2023 Volume 20, Issue 10, Page(s) 17905–17918

Abstract: Complementary label learning (CLL) is a type of weakly supervised learning method that utilizes the category of samples that do not belong to a certain class to learn their true category. However, current CLL methods mainly rely on rewriting ... ...

Abstract	Complementary label learning (CLL) is a type of weakly supervised learning method that utilizes the category of samples that do not belong to a certain class to learn their true category. However, current CLL methods mainly rely on rewriting classification losses without fully leveraging the supervisory information in complementary labels. Therefore, enhancing the supervised information in complementary labels is a promising approach to improve the performance of CLL. In this paper, we propose a novel framework called Complementary Label Enhancement based on Knowledge Distillation (KDCL) to address the lack of attention given to complementary labels. KDCL consists of two deep neural networks: a teacher model and a student model. The teacher model focuses on softening complementary labels to enrich the supervision information in them, while the student model learns from the complementary labels that have been softened by the teacher model. Both the teacher and student models are trained on the dataset that contains only complementary labels. To evaluate the effectiveness of KDCL, we conducted experiments on four datasets, namely MNIST, F-MNIST, K-MNIST and CIFAR-10, using two sets of teacher-student models (Lenet-5+MLP and DenseNet-121+ResNet-18) and three CLL algorithms (PC, FWD and SCL-NL). Our experimental results demonstrate that models optimized by KDCL outperform those trained only with complementary labels in terms of accuracy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2265126-3
ISSN	1551-0018 ; 1551-0018
ISSN (online)	1551-0018
ISSN	1551-0018
DOI	10.3934/mbe.2023796
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Tissue-specific uptake and distribution of liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) in mice

Yi Kong / Yong Wen / Guanyong Su / Ying Peng / Xinyi Cui

Environment International, Vol 174, Iss , Pp 107894- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Increasing evidence indicated that liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) in liquid crystal displays can be released into the environment, and ubiquitously detected in environmental matrices and even human bodies. Yet databases regarding its uptake and ... ...

Abstract	Increasing evidence indicated that liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) in liquid crystal displays can be released into the environment, and ubiquitously detected in environmental matrices and even human bodies. Yet databases regarding its uptake and distribution in mammals are lacking. In this study, four LCMs (namely 3dFB, 2OdF3B, 2teFT, and 6OCB) with various physiochemical properties and structures were selected as the target compounds. The LCMs were in vivo and in vitro exposed to mice and rat liver microsomes (RLM). LCMs were found in all mouse tissues, including brain. Pharmacokinetics parameters, Cmax-tissue/Cmax-blood, ranged from 27.5 to 214, indicating the preferential deposition of LCMs to tissues rather than blood. The LCMs distributed preferentially to lipophilic tissues, and relative mass contribution of LCMs from liver and adipose was 43–98 %. The physicochemical properties (i.e., Kow, molecular weight, and functional groups) had pronounced effect on distribution and accumulation of LCMs. The 2teFT with the highest Kow and molecular weight showed the relatively higher accumulation potential and half elimination time in all the tissues. The 6OCB containing cyano-group was more accumulative than the fluorinated 3dFB with the comparable Kow. In RLM assays, 2teFT and 6OCB were resistant to metabolic degradation. While 3dFB and 2OdF3B underwent rapid degradation with 93.7 % and 72.4 % being metabolized at 360 min. Findings in this study bear significant implications for the biomonitoring and overall risk evaluation of LCMs.
Keywords	Liquid crystal monomers ; Mice ; Tissue distribution ; Rat liver microsome ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: [Effects of

Zhang, Shuai-Jun / Zhang, Jin / Guo, Jin-Ping / Niu, Ying-Peng

Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi = Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi = Chinese journal of applied physiology

2023 Volume 38, Issue 6, Page(s) 670–675

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Animals ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Insulin Resistance ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; Rosa ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Obesity ; Body Weight ; RNA, Messenger ; Superoxide Dismutase
Chemical Substances	Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; RNA, Messenger ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2023-06-12
Publishing country	China
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ISSN	1000-6834
ISSN	1000-6834
DOI	10.12047/j.cjap.6328.2022.122
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: QBox: Partial Transfer Learning With Active Querying for Object Detection.

Tang, Ying-Peng / Wei, Xiu-Shen / Zhao, Borui / Huang, Sheng-Jun

IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems

2023 Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 3058–3070

Abstract: Object detection requires plentiful data annotated with bounding boxes for model training. However, in many applications, it is difficult or even impossible to acquire a large set of labeled examples for the target task due to the privacy concern or lack ...

Abstract	Object detection requires plentiful data annotated with bounding boxes for model training. However, in many applications, it is difficult or even impossible to acquire a large set of labeled examples for the target task due to the privacy concern or lack of reliable annotators. On the other hand, due to the high-quality image search engines, such as Flickr and Google, it is relatively easy to obtain resource-rich unlabeled datasets, whose categories are a superset of those of target data. In this article, to improve the target model with cost-effective supervision from source data, we propose a partial transfer learning approach QBox to actively query labels for bounding boxes of source images. Specifically, we design two criteria, i.e., informativeness and transferability, to measure the potential utility of a bounding box for improving the target model. Based on these criteria, QBox actively queries the labels of the most useful boxes from the source domain and, thus, requires fewer training examples to save the labeling cost. Furthermore, the proposed query strategy allows annotators to simply labeling a specific region, instead of the whole image, and, thus, significantly reduces the labeling difficulty. Extensive experiments are performed on various partial transfer benchmarks and a real COVID-19 detection task. The results validate that QBox improves the detection accuracy with lower labeling cost compared to state-of-the-art query strategies for object detection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2162-2388
ISSN (online)	2162-2388
DOI	10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3111621
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Research on the Connotation and Dimension of Consumers’ Quantified-Self Consciousness

Hong Jin / Ying Peng / Jian Chen / Seong Taek Park

Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 1504, p

2022 Volume 1504

Abstract: Quantified-self practice has penetrated into people’s daily life. Academic circles have begun to study it, but at present, scholars have not raised quantified-self practice to the level of consciousness. In order to explore the structural connotation of ... ...

Abstract	Quantified-self practice has penetrated into people’s daily life. Academic circles have begun to study it, but at present, scholars have not raised quantified-self practice to the level of consciousness. In order to explore the structural connotation of quantified-self consciousness and then provide management reference for enterprises offering quantified-self services, this study conducted in-depth interviews with self-trackers with the method of grounded theory. The conceptual model of quantified-self consciousness is formed through step-by-step coding, and the theoretical saturation is tested by reserving original sentences and crawling relevant online comments. The model shows that quantified-self consciousness can be divided into three dimensions: individual thinking, social projection, and data sensitivity.
Keywords	quantified-self consciousness ; grounded theory ; conceptual model ; consciousness ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	120
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Digital tool assessment for the community management of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Yiwu city, China

Lin Zhou / Yuli Zhou / Yunfang Ding / Ying Peng / Wei Wang / Bin Chen / Shuiying Gong / Kui Liu / Xuanjun Dong

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

evidence from real world data in 2020

2024 Volume 11

Abstract: BackgroundHigh-quality medication compliance is critical for the cure of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, the implementation of directly observed treatment (DOT) under direct interview still faces huge difficulties. Assessment of the effect of ... ...

Abstract	BackgroundHigh-quality medication compliance is critical for the cure of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, the implementation of directly observed treatment (DOT) under direct interview still faces huge difficulties. Assessment of the effect of digital tool during community management has not been performed in eastern China.MethodsAll drug-sensitive PTB cases notified in Yiwu city from June to December 2020 were divided into the routine group and digital tool group based on patients’ willingness. The variables influencing the on-time completion level of home visits, medication adherence and treatment outcomes were estimated.ResultsA total of 599 eligible patients were enrolled, with 268 participating in the routine group and 331 using a digital tool. Most participants were men (n = 357, 59.6%), and nearly all were new cases (n = 563, 94.0%). Participants’ mean age was 44.22 ± 20.32 years. There were significant differences in age, diagnostic type, and source of patients between the two groups. During the study period, the digital tool group had a higher on-time completion rate of home visits (91.5% vs. 82.5%) and medication adherence rate (94.3% vs. 89.6%) than the routine group, whereas there was no significant difference in the treatment success rate between the two groups (91.2% vs. 86.8%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the digital tool group showed a more positive function in the on-time completion status of home visits, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.41 (95% confidence interval: 0.25–0.70).ConclusionDigital tools can be employed to improve the on-time completion rate of home visits in Yiwu city. Further large-scale studies that use digital tools for community management are warranted.
Keywords	tuberculosis ; digital tool ; community management ; medication adherence ; treatment outcome ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Classical famous prescription of Jichuan decoction improved loperamide-induced slow transit constipation in rats through the cAMP/PKA/AQPs signaling pathway and maintained inflammatory/intestinal flora homeostasis

Lina Lin / Yuanyuan Jiang / Pengfei Lin / Lanlan Ge / Haoqiang Wan / Shuwen Dai / Runjing Zhang / Jie Yao / Xiaobin Zeng / Ying Peng

Heliyon, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp e21870- (2024)

1481

Abstract: Introduction: Jichuan decoction (JCD) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal formula that moistens the intestines and is widely used for the treatment of constipation in China. However, its effects and mechanisms in alleviating slow transit ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Jichuan decoction (JCD) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal formula that moistens the intestines and is widely used for the treatment of constipation in China. However, its effects and mechanisms in alleviating slow transit constipation (STC) in vivo remain unclear. We attempted to demonstrate the effect of JCD, with and without essential oil (VO), on intestinal transit and its underlying molecular mechanisms in rats with loperamide-induced STC. Materials and methods: Water consumption, body weight, fecal water content, time to first melena excretion, and intestinal transit ratio of the animals were measured. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the sera of rats were evaluated using ELISA. Hematoxylin and eosin and Periodic Acid–Schiff staining were used to determine intestinal tissue histology, while quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis were used to assess the relative expression levels of cAMP/PKA/AQPs pathway- and inflammation-related proteins. 16 S rDNA sequence analysis of rat feces was used to determine the diversity and abundance of the intestinal flora. Results: The JCD groups showed reduced time to first melena excretion and expression of VIP and IL-6. The JCD groups, specifically JCD + VO groups, showed increased fecal water content, intestinal transit rate, and SP expression. Further, these groups showed improved histological characteristics of the colon, with no significant change in the index of immune organs or morphological characteristics of other organs. In addition, a significant decrease in the activation of the cAMP/PKA/AQPs signaling pathway in the colon tissue was observed in these groups, specifically the JCD + VO groups. Moreover, treatment with JCD, with or without VO, downregulated the expression of inflammatory factors and enriched the diversity of intestinal flora as evidenced by polymorphism analysis and the contents of Bacteroides, ...
Keywords	Jichuan decoction ; Slow transit constipation ; cAMP/PKA/AQPs pathway ; Inflammation ; Intestinal flora homeostasis ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Treatment cascade for patients with multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and associated factors with patient attrition in southeastern China

Bin Chen / Xinyi Chen / Yanli Ren / Ying Peng / Fei Wang / Lin Zhou / Biao Xu

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 7, Pp 1073-

a retrospective cohort study

2023 Volume 1080

Abstract: Objectives: To address gaps in health services for multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), a treatment cascade model was used to evaluate patient retention and attrition at each successive step required to achieve a successful ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To address gaps in health services for multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), a treatment cascade model was used to evaluate patient retention and attrition at each successive step required to achieve a successful treatment outcome. Methods: From 2015–2018, a four-step treatment cascade model was established in patients with confirmed MDR/RR-TB in southeast China. Step 1: diagnosis of MDR/RR-TB, step 2: Initiation of treatment, step 3: still under treatment at 6 month and step 4: cure or completion of MDR/RR-TB treatment, with each successive step including a gap that shows attrition of patients between steps. The retention and attrition of each step were graphed. Multi-variate logistic regression was carried out to further identify potential factors associated with the attrition. Results: In the treatment cascade consisting of 1752 MDR/RR-TB patients, the overall patient attrition rate was 55.8% (978/1752), with 28.0% (491/1752), 19.9% (251/1261), and 23.4% (236/1010) of patients attrition in the first, second, and third gap. Factors associated with MDR/RR-TB patients not initiating treatment included age ≥60 years (OR:2.875), and time for diagnosis ≥30 days (OR: 2.653). Patients who were diagnosed with MDR/RR-TB through rapid molecular test (OR: 0.517) and non-migrant residents of Zhejiang Province (OR: 0.273) both exhibited a lower likelihood of attrition during the treatment initiation phase. Meanwhile, old age (OR: 2.190) and non-resident migrants to the province were factors associated with not completing ≥ 6 months of treatment. Old age (OR: 3.883), retreatment (OR: 1.440), and time to diagnosis ≥30 days (OR: 1.626) were factors contributing to poor treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Several programmatic gaps were identified in the MDR/RR-TB treatment cascade. Future policies should provide more comprehensive support for vulnerable populations to improve the care quality at each step.
Keywords	Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis ; Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis ; Treatment cascade ; Retention in care ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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