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Article ; Online: Ethnic disparities of vascular complications in pre-diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and newly diagnosed diabetes.

Yoshida, Yilin / Zu, Yuanhao / Fonseca, Vivian A

2023 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) 661–664

Abstract: In the U.S., ethnic minorities with pre-diabetes, undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), and newly diagnosed T2D had a higher prevalence of microvascular complications than non-Hispanic Whites and exhibited distinct risk factors, whereas Whites had a higher ... ...

Abstract	In the U.S., ethnic minorities with pre-diabetes, undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), and newly diagnosed T2D had a higher prevalence of microvascular complications than non-Hispanic Whites and exhibited distinct risk factors, whereas Whites had a higher rate of cardiovascular disease.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Prediabetic State/diagnosis ; Prediabetic State/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; White
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2273997-X
ISSN	1878-0210 ; 1751-9918
ISSN (online)	1878-0210
ISSN	1751-9918
DOI	10.1016/j.pcd.2023.09.008
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Article ; Online: Sex differences in cardiometabolic biomarkers during the pre-diabetes stage.

Yoshida, Yilin / Chen, Zhipeng / Fonseca, Vivian A / Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck

Diabetes research and clinical practice

2023 Volume 203, Page(s) 110856

Abstract: Using two large prospective epidemiological studies in the U.S., we examined biomarkers that reflect sex-specific pathophysiological pathways to cardiovascular complications among people with pre-diabetes. Women with pre-diabetes exhibited higher levels ... ...

Abstract	Using two large prospective epidemiological studies in the U.S., we examined biomarkers that reflect sex-specific pathophysiological pathways to cardiovascular complications among people with pre-diabetes. Women with pre-diabetes exhibited higher levels of adipokines, while men had lower eGFR. Sex differences in lipoproteins and vascular inflammatory markers during pre-diabetes indicate sex-specific lipoprotein and inflammatory mechanisms to cardiovascular complications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Prediabetic State/complications ; Prospective Studies ; Sex Characteristics ; Sex Factors ; Biomarkers ; Lipoproteins ; Heart Diseases/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Lipoproteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-26
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632523-3
ISSN	1872-8227 ; 0168-8227
ISSN (online)	1872-8227
ISSN	0168-8227
DOI	10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110856
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Zs.A 2047: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes.

Yoshida, Yilin / Chen, Zhipeng / Fonseca, Vivian A / Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck

American journal of preventive medicine

2023 Volume 65, Issue 5, Page(s) 854–862

Abstract: Introduction: Women with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) face up to 50% higher risk of cardiovascular disease than men. This study evaluated the extent to which prediabetes and undiagnosed T2D are associated with a greater excess risk of cardiovascular disease in ...

Abstract	Introduction: Women with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) face up to 50% higher risk of cardiovascular disease than men. This study evaluated the extent to which prediabetes and undiagnosed T2D are associated with a greater excess risk of cardiovascular disease in women versus in men. Methods: Data were pooled from 18,745 cardiovascular disease-free individuals from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and the Jackson Heart Study. The risk of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease or stroke) associated with prediabetes or undiagnosed T2D was estimated using Cox models adjusting for sociodemographic factors, concomitant risk factors, medication use, and menopausal status. Data were collected in 2022, and the analysis was performed in 2023. Results: During a median follow-up of 18.6 years, the associations between prediabetes and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were only significant in women (hazard ratio=1.18, 95% CI=1.01, 1.34, p=0.03) but not in men (hazard ratio=1.08, 95% CI=1.00, 1.28, p=0.06) (p-interaction=0.18). The associations between undiagnosed T2D and cardiovascular disease outcomes were significant in both sexes, but the effect was more pronounced in women (coronary heart disease: hazard ratio=1.83, 95% CI=1.4, 2.41, p<0.0001 in women vs hazard ratio=1.6, 95% CI=1.38, 2.07, p=0.007 in men; stroke: hazard ratio=1.99, 95% CI=1.39, 2.72, p<0.0001 vs hazard ratio=1.81, 95% CI=1.36, 2.6, p<0.0001; atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: hazard ratio=1.86, 95% CI=1.5, 2.28, p<0.0001 vs hazard ratio=1.65, 95% CI=1.4, 1.98, p<0.0001) (all p-interactions≤0.2). Both White and Black patients exhibit similar sex differences. Conclusions: Prediabetes or undiagnosed T2D was associated with a greater excess risk of cardiovascular disease in women than in men. The sex differential in cardiovascular disease risk among those without the T2D diagnosis suggests the need for sex-specific guidelines in T2D screening and treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632646-8
ISSN	1873-2607 ; 0749-3797
ISSN (online)	1873-2607
ISSN	0749-3797
DOI	10.1016/j.amepre.2023.05.011
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Zs.A 2096: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Sex differences in comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality-Report from the real-world data.

Yoshida, Yilin / Wang, Jia / Zu, Yuanhao

Frontiers in public health

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) 881660

Abstract: Background: The differential effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 severe outcomes by sex has not been fully evaluated.: Objective: To examine the association of major comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality in men and women separately.: Methods: We ... ...

Abstract	Background: The differential effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 severe outcomes by sex has not been fully evaluated. Objective: To examine the association of major comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality in men and women separately. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using a large electronic health record (EHR) database in the U.S. We included adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 who also had necessary information on demographics and comorbidities from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2021. We defined comorbidities by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) using ICD-10 codes at or before the COVID-19 diagnosis. We conducted logistic regressions to compare the risk of death associated with comorbidities stratifying by sex. Results: A total of 121,342 patients were included in the final analysis. We found significant sex differences in the association between comorbidities and COVID-19 death. Specifically, moderate/severe liver disease, dementia, metastatic solid tumor, and heart failure and the increased number of comorbidities appeared to confer a greater magnitude of mortality risk in women compared to men. Conclusions: Our study suggests sex differences in the effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 mortality and highlights the importance of implementing sex-specific preventive or treatment approaches in patients with COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex Characteristics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2022.881660
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Article ; Online: Diabetes control in Asian Americans - Disparities and the role of acculturation.

Yoshida, Yilin / Fonseca, Vivian A

Primary care diabetes

2020 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 187–190

Abstract: Asian Americans (AA) are disproportionately affected by diabetes (DM) and its complications than non-Hispanic whites (whites). We examined white-AA disparities in glycemic, cholesterol and blood pressure control, known as 'ABCs of DM', and evaluated if ... ...

Abstract	Asian Americans (AA) are disproportionately affected by diabetes (DM) and its complications than non-Hispanic whites (whites). We examined white-AA disparities in glycemic, cholesterol and blood pressure control, known as 'ABCs of DM', and evaluated if acculturation plays a role in DM control in AA with DM. Using data from NHANES 2011-2016, we found AA patients were significantly less likely to meet glycemic, cholesterol and the collective 'ABCs' goals than their white counterparts. Acculturation was positively associated with glycemic goal achievement in AA patients. This study identified disparities and pointed to strategies related to acculturation to improve DM control for AA.
MeSH term(s)	Acculturation ; Asian Americans ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Hispanic Americans ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2273997-X
ISSN	1878-0210 ; 1751-9918
ISSN (online)	1878-0210
ISSN	1751-9918
DOI	10.1016/j.pcd.2020.01.010
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Article ; Online: The effect of metabolic risk factors on cancer mortality among blacks and whites.

Yoshida, Yilin / Schmaltz, Chester L / Jackson-Thompson, Jeannette / Simoes, Eduardo J

Translational cancer research

2022 Volume 8, Issue Suppl 4, Page(s) S389–S396

Abstract: Background: Previous data showed that metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components are associated with cancer mortality. However, whether the association varies by race is unclear. To examine the association between metabolic risk factors and cancer death ...

Abstract	Background: Previous data showed that metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components are associated with cancer mortality. However, whether the association varies by race is unclear. To examine the association between metabolic risk factors and cancer death in non-Hispanic whites (whites) and non-Hispanic blacks (blacks) in the US. Methods: We used data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III) [1988-1994], a nationwide survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US. We included a total of 18,001 participants aged ≥20 years in the study. We ascertained cancer death from NHANES III mortality follow-up study, which linked with the National Death Index and provides follow-up from the date of baseline NHANES III [1988-1994] through December 2006. MS was defined as the presence of at least three of five risk factors [i.e., elevated triglycerides (TG) (≥150 mg/dL), impaired fasting blood glucose (≥100 mg/dL), increased waist circumference (≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm for men), elevated blood pressure (BP) (≥130 mmHg systolic BP or ≥85 mmHg diastolic BP) and, reduced high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (<50 mg/dL)]. The interaction between race and MS and its components against total cancer mortality was first tested. Cox proportional hazards regression was then used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for total cancer mortality in relation to each MS individual component, and a MS composite score in whites and blacks, separately. Results: We found a statistically significant interaction between MS and race as well as MS components and race in their effect on cancer death. In adjusted models, elevated BP was significantly associated with a 41% increased risk of total cancer death in blacks (HR 1.41; 95% CI, 1.10-1.80) while in whites, the risk of cancer death increased 29% with central obesity (HR 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.59), 26% with low HDL (HR 1.26; 95% CI, 1.04-1.52), and 45% with impaired fasting glucose (HR 1.45; 95% CI, 1.19-1.76). Conclusions: The relationship between metabolic risk factors and total cancer mortality differed by race in the US. In blacks, high BP was associated with an increased risk for cancer death while in whites, central obesity, low HDL, and especially impaired fasting glucose were positively associated with cancer death.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-15
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2901601-0
ISSN	2219-6803 ; 2218-676X
ISSN (online)	2219-6803
ISSN	2218-676X
DOI	10.21037/tcr.2019.06.25
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Article ; Online: Non-face-to-face care management and service utilization in patients with diabetes.

Stoecker, Charles / Nauman, Elizabeth / Bazzano, Alessandra N / Price-Haywood, Eboni G / Yoshida, Yilin / Shi, Lizheng

The American journal of managed care

2023 Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 417–422

Abstract: Objectives: In 2015, CMS implemented reimbursement for non-face-to-face chronic care management (NFFCCM) for beneficiaries with multiple chronic conditions, including diabetes. This analysis estimated the association between NFFCCM and utilization of ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: In 2015, CMS implemented reimbursement for non-face-to-face chronic care management (NFFCCM) for beneficiaries with multiple chronic conditions, including diabetes. This analysis estimated the association between NFFCCM and utilization of inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. Study design: We implemented a doubly robust estimator using propensity score matching in a regression context to compare eligible patients who used NFFCCM (n = 282) with eligible patients who did not use NFFCCM (n = 26,759). Methods: We tested 4 definitions of treatment: having any NFFCCM encounters and having 1 NFFCCM encounter per month, per 2 months, and per 3 months. Two-tailed statistical inference testing was conducted at the 5% level. We examined the utilization differences among patients with diabetes 65 years and older using merged electronic health records for 4 health systems in Louisiana from the Research Action for Health Network database in 2013 through 2018. Results: We found NFFCCM was associated with increased utilization of care in the outpatient setting by 0.056 visits per month (95% CI, 0.027-0.086) and with lower utilization in the inpatient setting (-0.024 visits per month; 95% CI, -0.038 to -0.010) and in the emergency department setting (-0.017 visits per month; 95% CI, -0.031 to -0.003). Alternative specifications of treatment showed similar associations. Conclusions: CMS implementation of reimbursement codes for NFFCCM, and subsequent utilization of that reimbursement by health systems, was associated with a shift in patient utilization from high-cost settings (inpatient and emergency department) to a lower-cost setting (outpatient office).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Inpatients ; Outpatients ; Diabetes Mellitus/therapy ; Databases, Factual ; Electronic Health Records
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2035781-3
ISSN	1936-2692 ; 1088-0224 ; 1096-1860
ISSN (online)	1936-2692
ISSN	1088-0224 ; 1096-1860
DOI	10.37765/ajmc.2023.89407
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Zs.A 5353: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Sugar-Sweetened Beverage, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents: Policies, Taxation, and Programs.

Yoshida, Yilin / Simoes, Eduardo J

Current diabetes reports

2018 Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) 31

Abstract: Purpose of review: Obesity has grown at an alarming rate in children and adolescents. Concurrently, consumption on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) also rose significantly. This review provides an overview of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Obesity has grown at an alarming rate in children and adolescents. Concurrently, consumption on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) also rose significantly. This review provides an overview of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) related to SSBs and current policies restricting SSBs in schools, school-based interventions, and taxation on reducing SSB intake and obesity. We also discuss challenges of and future steps for these initiatives. Recent findings: Clinical and epidemiological studies suggest a strong association between SSB intake and obesity and T2DM. School food policies have been initiated at federal, state, and local levels. School-based interventions have shown positive effects on SSB intake and obesity reduction. Taxation on SSBs is promising in combating obesity and in generating revenue. Challenges towards compliance and implementation of the policies and programs exist. The relationship between SSB and obesity and T2DM is a complex problem which requires comprehensive solutions. Continued efforts in restricting SSBs in schools are needed. Intervention programs should be tailored to age, gender, language, and culture and involve participation from families and local communities. Taxation can reduce SSB consumption by direct economic incentive, earmarking revenues to support healthy foods, and sending negative message. However, a higher tax rate may be necessary to have a measurable effect on weight.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Beverages/adverse effects ; Child ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/economics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology ; Humans ; Obesity/economics ; Obesity/etiology ; Policy ; Sugars/adverse effects ; Sweetening Agents/adverse effects ; Taxes
Chemical Substances	Sugars ; Sweetening Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	2065167-3
ISSN	1539-0829 ; 1534-4827
ISSN (online)	1539-0829
ISSN	1534-4827
DOI	10.1007/s11892-018-1004-6
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Zs.A 5628: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Holistic representation in juvenile defense: An evaluation of a multidisciplinary children's defense team.

Phillippi, Stephen / Thomas, Casey L / Yoshida, Yilin / Afaneh, Hasheemah

Behavioral sciences & the law

2021 Volume 39, Issue 1, Page(s) 65–82

Abstract: This study describes the results of an evaluation of a holistic defense model for juvenile clients. Longitudinal, retrospective analysis of de-identified data from clients (N = 308) measured individual variable outcomes, relationships, and project ... ...

Abstract	This study describes the results of an evaluation of a holistic defense model for juvenile clients. Longitudinal, retrospective analysis of de-identified data from clients (N = 308) measured individual variable outcomes, relationships, and project performance. Bivariate and multivariate analyses examined the strength of association and interrelationships among client and defense team variables. Findings indicate that holistic defense was significantly associated with improved outcomes among juvenile clients, including increased mental health assessment resulting in treatment, increased employment and educational attainment, and decreased odds of recidivism. Favorable court or dispositional outcomes, including lower adjudication or early termination from custody, were also reported. Further practice-level, controlled research is necessary to evaluate these models and offer comparison to other models for holistic defense.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Employment ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Juvenile Delinquency ; Recidivism ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	232671-1
ISSN	1099-0798 ; 0735-3936
ISSN (online)	1099-0798
ISSN	0735-3936
DOI	10.1002/bsl.2500
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Zs.A 4672: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Gender differences in health protective behaviours and its implications for COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan: a population-based study.

Tan, Jasmine / Yoshida, Yilin / Ma, Kevin Sheng-Kai / Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck / Lee, Chien-Chang

BMC public health

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 1900

Abstract: Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection produces more severe symptoms and a higher mortality in men than in women. The role of biological sex in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is believed to explain this ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection produces more severe symptoms and a higher mortality in men than in women. The role of biological sex in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is believed to explain this sex disparity. However, the contribution of gender factors that influence health protective behaviors and therefore health outcomes, remains poorly explored. Methods: We assessed the contributions of gender in attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic, using a hypothetical influenza pandemic data from the 2019 Taiwan Social Change Survey. Participants were selected through a stratified, three-stage probability proportional-to-size sampling from across the nation, to fill in questionnaires that asked about their perception of the hypothetical pandemic, and intention to adopt health protective behaviors. Results: A total of 1,990 participants (median age = 45·92 years, 49% were women) were included. Significant gender disparities (p < .001) were observed. The risk perception of pandemic (OR = 1·28, 95% CI [1·21 - 1·35], p < .001), older age (OR = 1·06, 95% CI [1·05 - 1·07], p < .001), female gender (OR = 1·18, 95% CI [1·09-1·27], p < .001), higher education (OR = 1·10, 95% CI [1·06 - 1·13], p < .001), and larger family size (OR = 1·09, 95% CI [1·06 - 1·15], p < .001) were positively associated with health protective behaviors. The risk perception of pandemic (OR = 1·25, 95% CI [1·15 - 1·36]), higher education (OR = 1·07, 95% CI [1·02 - 1·13], p < .05), being married (OR = 1·17, 95% CI [1·01-1·36, p < .05), and larger family size (OR = 1·33, 95% CI [1·25 - 1·42], p < .001), were positively associated with intention to receive a vaccine. However, female gender was negatively associated with intention to receive a vaccine (OR = 0·85, 95% CI [0·75 - 0·90], p < ·01) and to comply with contact-tracing (OR = 0·95, 95% CI [0·90 - 1·00], p < .05) compared to men. Living with children was also negatively associated with intention to receive vaccines (OR = 0·77, 95% CI [0·66 - 0·90], p < .001). Conclusion: This study unveils gender differences in risk perception, health protective behaviors, vaccine hesitancy, and compliance with contact-tracing using a hypothetical viral pandemic. Gender-specific health education raising awareness of health protective behaviors may be beneficial to prevent future pandemics.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex Factors ; Taiwan/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-022-14288-1
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