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  1. Article ; Online: Mechanobiology in oncology

    Michelle B. Chen / Yousef Javanmardi / Somayeh Shahreza / Bianca Serwinski / Amir Aref / Boris Djordjevic / Emad Moeendarbary

    Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol

    basic concepts and clinical prospects

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: The interplay between genetic transformations, biochemical communications, and physical interactions is crucial in cancer progression. Metastasis, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, involves a series of steps, including invasion, intravasation, ... ...

    Abstract The interplay between genetic transformations, biochemical communications, and physical interactions is crucial in cancer progression. Metastasis, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, involves a series of steps, including invasion, intravasation, circulation survival, and extravasation. Mechanical alterations, such as changes in stiffness and morphology, play a significant role in all stages of cancer initiation and dissemination. Accordingly, a better understanding of cancer mechanobiology can help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting the physical properties of tumours and their microenvironment presents opportunities for intervention. Advancements in imaging techniques and lab-on-a-chip systems enable personalized investigations of tumor biomechanics and drug screening. Investigation of the interplay between genetic, biochemical, and mechanical factors, which is of crucial importance in cancer progression, offers insights for personalized medicine and innovative treatment strategies.
    Keywords cancer ; mechanobiolgy ; extracellular matrix (ECM) ; metastasis (cancer metastasis) ; invasion ; mechanotherapeutics ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Astigmatic traction force microscopy (aTFM)

    Di Li / Huw Colin-York / Liliana Barbieri / Yousef Javanmardi / Yuting Guo / Kseniya Korobchevskaya / Emad Moeendarbary / Dong Li / Marco Fritzsche

    Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 10

    Abstract: Quantifying rapidly progressing three-dimensional forces generated by cells remains a major challenge in mechanobiology. Here, the authors show that combining traction force microscopy with astigmatic imaging permits sensitive out-of-plane force ... ...

    Abstract Quantifying rapidly progressing three-dimensional forces generated by cells remains a major challenge in mechanobiology. Here, the authors show that combining traction force microscopy with astigmatic imaging permits sensitive out-of-plane force estimation on the second timescale.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Endothelium and Subendothelial Matrix Mechanics Modulate Cancer Cell Transendothelial Migration

    Yousef Javanmardi / Ayushi Agrawal / Andrea Malandrino / Soufian Lasli / Michelle Chen / Somayeh Shahreza / Bianca Serwinski / Leila Cammoun / Ran Li / Mehdi Jorfi / Boris Djordjevic / Nicolas Szita / Fabian Spill / Sergio Bertazzo / Graham K Sheridan / Vivek Shenoy / Fernando Calvo / Roger Kamm / Emad Moeendarbary

    Advanced Science, Vol 10, Iss 16, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: Abstract Cancer cell extravasation, a key step in the metastatic cascade, involves cancer cell arrest on the endothelium, transendothelial migration (TEM), followed by the invasion into the subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) of distant tissues. ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Cancer cell extravasation, a key step in the metastatic cascade, involves cancer cell arrest on the endothelium, transendothelial migration (TEM), followed by the invasion into the subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) of distant tissues. While cancer research has mostly focused on the biomechanical interactions between tumor cells (TCs) and ECM, particularly at the primary tumor site, very little is known about the mechanical properties of endothelial cells and the subendothelial ECM and how they contribute to the extravasation process. Here, an integrated experimental and theoretical framework is developed to investigate the mechanical crosstalk between TCs, endothelium and subendothelial ECM during in vitro cancer cell extravasation. It is found that cancer cell actin‐rich protrusions generate complex push–pull forces to initiate and drive TEM, while transmigration success also relies on the forces generated by the endothelium. Consequently, mechanical properties of the subendothelial ECM and endothelial actomyosin contractility that mediate the endothelial forces also impact the endothelium's resistance to cancer cell transmigration. These results indicate that mechanical features of distant tissues, including force interactions between the endothelium and the subendothelial ECM, are key determinants of metastatic organotropism.
    Keywords biomaterial properties ; cancer cell extravasation ; computational modeling ; metastasis ; traction force microscopy ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Removal and dispersal of biofluid films by powered medical devices

    Ian Eames / Francesco D'Aiuto / Somayeh Shahreza / Yousef Javanmardi / Ramanarayanan Balachandran / Martin Hyde / Yuan-Ling Ng / Kishor Gulabivala / Sara Watson / Hywel Davies / Nicolas Szita / Janette Khajeh / Jeanie Suvan / Emad Moeendarbary

    iScience, Vol 24, Iss 11, Pp 103344- (2021)

    Modeling infectious agent spreading in dentistry

    2021  

    Abstract: Summary: Medical procedures can disperse infectious agents and spread disease. Particularly, dental procedures may pose a high risk of disease transmission as they use high-powered instruments operating within the oral cavity that may contain infectious ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Medical procedures can disperse infectious agents and spread disease. Particularly, dental procedures may pose a high risk of disease transmission as they use high-powered instruments operating within the oral cavity that may contain infectious microbiota or viruses. Here we assess the ability of powered dental devices in removing the biofluid films and identified mechanical, hydrodynamic, and aerodynamic forces as the main underlying mechanisms of removal and dispersal processes. Our results indicate that potentially infectious agents can be removed and dispersed immediately after dental instrument engagement with the adherent biofluid film, while the degree of their dispersal is rapidly depleted owing to the removal of the source and dilution by the coolant water. We found that droplets created by high-speed drill interactions typically travel ballistically, while aerosol-laden air tends to flow as a current over surfaces. Our mechanistic investigation offers plausible routes for reducing the spread of infection during invasive medical procedures.
    Keywords Dentistry ; Therapeutic procedure ; Applied physics ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Cytoskeletal Control of Antigen-Dependent T Cell Activation

    Huw Colin-York / Yousef Javanmardi / Mark Skamrahl / Sudha Kumari / Veronica T. Chang / Satya Khuon / Aaron Taylor / Teng-Leong Chew / Eric Betzig / Emad Moeendarbary / Vincenzo Cerundolo / Christian Eggeling / Marco Fritzsche

    Cell Reports, Vol 26, Iss 12, Pp 3369-3379.e

    2019  Volume 5

    Abstract: Summary: Cytoskeletal actin dynamics is essential for T cell activation. Here, we show evidence that the binding kinetics of the antigen engaging the T cell receptor influences the nanoscale actin organization and mechanics of the immune synapse. Using ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Cytoskeletal actin dynamics is essential for T cell activation. Here, we show evidence that the binding kinetics of the antigen engaging the T cell receptor influences the nanoscale actin organization and mechanics of the immune synapse. Using an engineered T cell system expressing a specific T cell receptor and stimulated by a range of antigens, we found that the peak force experienced by the T cell receptor during activation was independent of the unbinding kinetics of the stimulating antigen. Conversely, quantification of the actin retrograde flow velocity at the synapse revealed a striking dependence on the antigen unbinding kinetics. These findings suggest that the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton actively adjusted to normalize the force experienced by the T cell receptor in an antigen-specific manner. Consequently, tuning actin dynamics in response to antigen kinetics may thus be a mechanism that allows T cells to adjust the lengthscale and timescale of T cell receptor signaling. : T cell activation relies on a dynamic actin cytoskeleton. Here, Colin-York et al. show how the kinetics of the stimulating antigen influence the dynamics of actin. This feedback mechanism influences the mechanics at the immune synapse, allowing T cells to orchestrate the length scale and timescale of signaling. Keywords: TFM, actin dynamics, TCR cluster, immunological synapse, mechanosensation, mechanosensitivity, T cell activation
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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