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Article ; Online: Superiority of bivalirudin over heparin anticoagulation therapy for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation? Too early to draw conclusions

Gu, Jie / Yu, Hongjie / Lin, Dang

Heliyon. 2023 Feb., v. 9, no. 2 p.e13530-

2023

Abstract: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin as the anticoagulant in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for all the studies in ... ...

Abstract	We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin as the anticoagulant in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for all the studies in which bivalirudin was compared to heparin as the anticoagulant for ECMO. Efficacy outcomes were defined as the time to reach therapeutic levels, time within therapeutic range (TTR), thrombotic events, circuit thrombosis, circuit exchanges. Safety outcomes were reported as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), major bleeding events, minor bleeding events. Other outcomes included hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, mortality, 30-day mortality and in-hospital mortality. Ten studies with 1091 patients were included for meta-analysis. A significant reduction in thrombotic events [OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.36,0.73, p = 0.0002, I² = 0%], major bleeding events [OR 0.31, 95%CI 0.10,0.92, p = 0.04, I² = 75%] and in-hospital mortality [OR 0.63, 95%CI 0.44,0.89, p = 0.009, I² = 0%] treated with bivalirudin were found compared with heparin. There were no significant differences between groups regarding the time to reach therapeutic levels [MD 3.53, 95%CI −4.02,11.09, p = 0.36, I² = 49%], TTR [MD 8.64, 95%CI −1.72,18.65, p = 0.10, I² = 77%], circuit exchanges [OR 0.92, 95%CI 0.27,3.12, p = 0.90, I² = 38%], HIT [OR 0.25, 95%CI 0.02,2.52, p = 0.24, I² = 0%], minor bleeding events [OR 0.93, 95%CI 0.38,2.29, p = 0.87, I² = 0%], hospital LOS [MD −2.93, 95%CI -9.01,3.15, p = 0.34, I² = 45%], ICU LOS [MD −4.22, 95%CI -10.07,1.62, p = 0.16, I² = 0%], mortality [OR 1.84, 95%CI 0.58,5.85, p = 0.30, I² = 60%] and 30-day mortality [OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.38,1.48, p = 0.41, I² = 0%]. Bivalirudin probably be a potential choice for ECMO anticoagulation. However, based on the included studies' limitation, the superiority of bivalirudin over heparin for anticoagulation in the ECMO population still require further prospective randomized controlled studies before a definite conclusion.
Keywords	anticoagulants ; heparin ; hospitals ; meta-analysis ; mortality ; therapeutics ; thrombocytopenia ; thrombosis ; Bivalirudin ; ECMO ; Thrombotic events ; Major bleeding events
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13530
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Superiority of bivalirudin over heparin anticoagulation therapy for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation? Too early to draw conclusions.

Gu, Jie / Yu, Hongjie / Lin, Dang

Heliyon

2023 Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) e13530

Abstract: Background: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin as the anticoagulant in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).: Methods: We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library ... ...

Abstract	Background: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin as the anticoagulant in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods: We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for all the studies in which bivalirudin was compared to heparin as the anticoagulant for ECMO. Efficacy outcomes were defined as the time to reach therapeutic levels, time within therapeutic range (TTR), thrombotic events, circuit thrombosis, circuit exchanges. Safety outcomes were reported as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), major bleeding events, minor bleeding events. Other outcomes included hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, mortality, 30-day mortality and in-hospital mortality. Results: Ten studies with 1091 patients were included for meta-analysis. A significant reduction in thrombotic events [OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.36,0.73, Conclusion: Bivalirudin probably be a potential choice for ECMO anticoagulation. However, based on the included studies' limitation, the superiority of bivalirudin over heparin for anticoagulation in the ECMO population still require further prospective randomized controlled studies before a definite conclusion.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13530
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Approaches and challenges to inferring the geographical source of infectious disease outbreaks using genomic data.

Chen, Zhiyuan / Lemey, Philippe / Yu, Hongjie

The Lancet. Microbe

2023 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) e81–e92

Abstract: Genomic data hold increasing potential in the elucidation of transmission dynamics and geographical sources of infectious disease outbreaks. Phylogeographic methods that use epidemiological and genomic data obtained from surveillance enable us to infer ... ...

Abstract	Genomic data hold increasing potential in the elucidation of transmission dynamics and geographical sources of infectious disease outbreaks. Phylogeographic methods that use epidemiological and genomic data obtained from surveillance enable us to infer the history of spatial transmission that is naturally embedded in the topology of phylogenetic trees as a record of the dispersal of infectious agents between geographical locations. In this Review, we provide an overview of phylogeographic approaches widely used for reconstructing the geographical sources of outbreaks of interest. These approaches can be classified into ancestral trait or state reconstruction and structured population models, with structured population models including popular structured coalescent and birth-death models. We also describe the major challenges associated with sequencing technologies, surveillance strategies, data sharing, and analysis frameworks that became apparent during the generation of large-scale genomic data in recent years, extending beyond inference approaches. Finally, we highlight the role of genomic data in geographical source inference and clarify how this enhances understanding and molecular investigations of outbreak sources.
MeSH term(s)	Phylogeny ; Disease Outbreaks ; Phylogeography ; Genomics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2666-5247
ISSN (online)	2666-5247
DOI	10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00296-3
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Article ; Online: Dynamics of measles immunity from birth and following vaccination.

Wang, Wei / O'Driscoll, Megan / Wang, Qianli / Zhao, Sihong / Salje, Henrik / Yu, Hongjie

Nature microbiology

2024

Abstract: Measles remains a major threat to human health despite widespread vaccination. While we know that maternal antibodies can impair vaccine-induced immunity, the relative contributions of pre-existing immunity levels, maternal and infant characteristics on ... ...

Abstract	Measles remains a major threat to human health despite widespread vaccination. While we know that maternal antibodies can impair vaccine-induced immunity, the relative contributions of pre-existing immunity levels, maternal and infant characteristics on vaccine responses remain unclear, hampering evidence-based vaccination policy development. Here we combine serological data from 1,505 individuals (aged 0-12 years) in a mother-infant cohort and in a child cohort with empirical models to reconstruct antibody trajectories from birth. We show that while highly heterogeneous across a population, measles antibody evolution is strongly predictive from birth at the individual level, including following vaccination. Further, we find that caesarean section births were linked with 2.56 (95% confidence interval: 1.06-6.37) increased odds of primary vaccine failure, highlighting the long-term immunological consequences of birth route. Finally, we use our new understanding of antibody evolution to critically assess the population-level consequences of different vaccination schedules, the results of which will allow country-level evaluations of vaccine policy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2058-5276
ISSN (online)	2058-5276
DOI	10.1038/s41564-024-01694-x
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Article ; Online: Assessing the impact of interventions on the major Omicron BA.2 outbreak in spring 2022 in Shanghai.

Liu, Hengcong / Cai, Jun / Zhou, Jiaxin / Xu, Xiangyanyu / Ajelli, Marco / Yu, Hongjie

Infectious Disease Modelling

2024 Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 519–526

Abstract: Background: Shanghai experienced a significant surge in Omicron BA.2 infections from March to June 2022. In addition to the standard interventions in place at that time, additional interventions were implemented in response to the outbreak. However, the ...

Abstract	Background: Shanghai experienced a significant surge in Omicron BA.2 infections from March to June 2022. In addition to the standard interventions in place at that time, additional interventions were implemented in response to the outbreak. However, the impact of these interventions on BA.2 transmission remains unclear. Methods: We systematically collected data on the daily number of newly reported infections during this wave and utilized a Bayesian approach to estimate the daily effective reproduction number. Data on public health responses were retrieved from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and served as a proxy for the interventions implemented during this outbreak. Using a log-linear regression model, we assessed the impact of these interventions on the reproduction number. Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model of BA.2 transmission. By combining the estimated effect of the interventions from the regression model and the transmission model, we estimated the number of infections and deaths averted by the implemented interventions. Results: We found a negative association (-0.0069, 95% CI: 0.0096 to -0.0045) between the level of interventions and the number of infections. If interventions did not ramp up during the outbreak, we estimated that the number of infections and deaths would have increased by 22.6% (95% CI: 22.4-22.8%), leading to a total of 768,576 (95% CI: 768,021-769,107) infections and 722 (95% CI: 722-723) deaths. If no interventions were deployed during the outbreak, we estimated that the number of infections and deaths would have increased by 46.0% (95% CI: 45.8-46.2%), leading to a total of 915,099 (95% CI: 914,639-915,518) infections and 860 (95% CI: 860-861) deaths. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the interventions adopted during the Omicron BA.2 outbreak in spring 2022 in Shanghai were effective in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and disease burden. Our findings emphasize the importance of non-pharmacological interventions in controlling quick surges of cases during epidemic outbreaks.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3015225-2
ISSN	2468-0427 ; 2468-2152
ISSN (online)	2468-0427
ISSN	2468-2152
DOI	10.1016/j.idm.2024.02.013
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Article ; Online: The risk of mpox importation and subsequent outbreak potential in Chinese mainland: a retrospective statistical modelling study.

Deng, Xiaowei / Tian, Yuyang / Zou, Junyi / Yang, Juan / Sun, Kaiyuan / Yu, Hongjie

Infectious diseases of poverty

2024 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 21

Abstract: Background: The 2022-2023 mpox (monkeypox) outbreak has spread rapidly across multiple countries in the non-endemic region, mainly among men who have sex with men (MSM). In this study, we aimed to evaluate mpox's importation risk, border screening ... ...

Abstract	Background: The 2022-2023 mpox (monkeypox) outbreak has spread rapidly across multiple countries in the non-endemic region, mainly among men who have sex with men (MSM). In this study, we aimed to evaluate mpox's importation risk, border screening effectiveness and the risk of local outbreak in Chinese mainland. Methods: We estimated the risk of mpox importation in Chinese mainland from April 14 to September 11, 2022 using the number of reported mpox cases during this multi-country outbreak from Global.health and the international air-travel data from Official Aviation Guide. We constructed a probabilistic model to simulate the effectiveness of a border screening scenario during the mpox outbreak and a hypothetical scenario with less stringent quarantine requirement. And we further evaluated the mpox outbreak potential given that undetected mpox infections were introduced into men who have sex with men, considering different transmissibility, population immunity and population activity. Results: We found that the reduced international air-travel volume and stringent border entry policy decreased about 94% and 69% mpox importations respectively. Under the quarantine policy, 15-19% of imported infections would remain undetected. Once a case of mpox is introduced into active MSM population with almost no population immunity, the risk of triggering local transmission is estimated at 42%, and would rise to > 95% with over six cases. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the reduced international air-travel volume and stringent border entry policy during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced mpox importations prominently. However, the risk could be substantially higher with the recovery of air-travel volume to pre-pandemic level. Mpox could emerge as a public health threat for Chinese mainland given its large MSM community.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; China/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Homosexuality, Male ; Models, Statistical ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Sexual and Gender Minorities
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2689396-4
ISSN	2049-9957 ; 2049-9957
ISSN (online)	2049-9957
ISSN	2049-9957
DOI	10.1186/s40249-024-01189-1
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Article ; Online: Health-Related Quality of Life and Economic Burden Among Hospitalized Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Multiregional Study in China.

Zhou, Ting / Hu, Hongfei / Gao, Junyang / Yu, Hongjie / Jit, Mark / Wang, Pei

PharmacoEconomics - open

2024 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 459–469

Abstract: Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates among children under 5 years old. This study aimed to explore the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), economic burden, and related ... ...

Abstract	Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates among children under 5 years old. This study aimed to explore the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), economic burden, and related influencing factors among Chinese HFMD patients. Methods: From January to October 2019, a longitudinal cohort study of 296 hospitalized patients (≤ 5 years old) with HFMD and their guardians was conducted using the proxy version of the 5-level EQ-5D-Y (EQ-5D-Y-5L, Y-5L) in face-to-face interviews in Shanghai, Zhengzhou, and Kunming, representing three regions with different economic development levels. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the factors associated with HRQOL and costs. Results: The mean Y-5L health utility score (HUS) (standard deviation, SD), and visual analogue scale (VAS) score (SD) were 0.730 (0.140) and 60.33 (16.52) at admission and increased to 0.920 (0.120) and 89.95 (11.88) at discharge, respectively. The children from Shanghai had the lowest HUSs at admission and had the best health improvement. The mean hospitalization cost and total cost were 4037 CNY and 5157 CNY, respectively. The children from Shanghai had the highest hospitalization cost (4559 CNY) and total cost (5491 CNY). Multiple regression analysis suggested that medical insurance status, type of employment, residence type, and religious status were significantly associated with the baseline HUS and improvement in the HUS after treatment. Region, loss of work time, and length of stay had a significant impact on the hospitalization cost and total cost. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that HFMD could lead to poor HRQOL and the economic burden varies in different regions in China. Many pediatric patients still have physical or mental health problems shortly after treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2874287-4
ISSN	2509-4254 ; 2509-4262
ISSN (online)	2509-4254
ISSN	2509-4262
DOI	10.1007/s41669-023-00468-1
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Article ; Online: Trajectories of fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin in obese and non-obese incident diabetes: Results from two large cohort studies.

Yu, Hong-Jie / Ho, Mandy / Chau, Pui Hing / Fong, Daniel Yee Tak

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

2023 Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 2835–2845

Abstract: Aims: Diabetes development mechanisms vary by weight status. We aimed to compare cardiometabolic risk and characterize fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories before diagnosing type 2 diabetes in individuals with/ ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Diabetes development mechanisms vary by weight status. We aimed to compare cardiometabolic risk and characterize fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories before diagnosing type 2 diabetes in individuals with/without obesity. Methods: Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) were analysed. Participants without diabetes and with a body mass index of 18.5-40 kg/m Results: Among 11 925 eligible participants, 1361 incident diabetes cases (mean age: 61.4 years; male: 46.2%) were identified within 15 years of follow-up. Obese diabetes showed higher levels of diastolic blood pressure and C-reactive protein at diagnosis than non-obese diabetes. Mixed-effects models indicated the difference in the FPG trajectory before diagnosis by weight status was non-significant with a slope difference of 0.149 mg/dl (SE = 0.642, p = .816, CHARLS) and 0.013 mg/dl (SE = 0.013, p = .337, ELSA). However, obese diabetes showed a steep increase in HbA1c before diagnosis with a slope difference of 0.036% (SE = 0.016, p = .021) in the CHARLS and 0.032% (SE = 0.014, p = .027) in the ELSA, respectively. Sex-stratified analyses showed that the difference in HbA1c trajectory before the diabetes diagnosis by weight status was only significant in males. Conclusions: Obese and non-obese diabetes developments may share a similar FPG but distinct HbA1c trajectory. Obese diabetes interventions require more attention to cardiometabolic risks. Moreover, studies addressing weight/sex-related differences in diabetes aetiologies and treatments are warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Longitudinal Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Fasting ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases
Chemical Substances	Glycated Hemoglobin ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1454944-x
ISSN	1463-1326 ; 1462-8902
ISSN (online)	1463-1326
ISSN	1462-8902
DOI	10.1111/dom.15173
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Article ; Online: Pruning Growing Self-Organizing Map Network for Human Physical Activity Identification.

Mo, Lingfei / Yu, Hongjie / Hua, Wenqi

Journal of healthcare engineering

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 9972406

Abstract: Human physical activity identification based on wearable sensors is of great significance to human health analysis. A large number of machine learning models have been applied to human physical activity identification and achieved remarkable results. ... ...

Abstract	Human physical activity identification based on wearable sensors is of great significance to human health analysis. A large number of machine learning models have been applied to human physical activity identification and achieved remarkable results. However, most human physical activity identification models can only be trained based on labeled data, and it is difficult to obtain enough labeled data, which leads to weak generalization ability of the model. A Pruning Growing SOM model is proposed in this paper to address the limitations of small-scale labeled dataset, which is unsupervised in the training stage, and then only a small amount of labeled data is used for labeling neurons to reduce dependency on labeled data. In training stage, the inactive neurons in network can be deleted by pruning mechanism, which makes the model more consistent with the data distribution and improves the identification accuracy even on unbalanced dataset, especially for the action categories with poor identification effect. In addition, the pruning mechanism can also speed up the inference of the model by controlling its scale.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Exercise ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Neurons
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2545054-2
ISSN	2040-2309 ; 2040-2295
ISSN (online)	2040-2309
ISSN	2040-2295
DOI	10.1155/2022/9972406
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Article ; Online: Electronic structure engineering on Co-based metal-organic frameworks for concurrent electrocatalytic hydrogen generation and formate electrosynthesis.

Liu, Mengying / Zhou, Qingsong / Ren, Tianlun / Yu, Hongjie / Deng, Kai / Wang, Ziqiang / Wang, Hongjing / Wang, Liang / Xu, You

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

2024 Volume 60, Issue 3, Page(s) 348–351

Abstract: A facile one-step solvothermal method was developed to synthesize Ir-doped Co-based metal-organic framework (CoIr-MOF) nanoarrays as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for water-glucose co-electrolysis. It was demonstrated ... ...

Abstract	A facile one-step solvothermal method was developed to synthesize Ir-doped Co-based metal-organic framework (CoIr-MOF) nanoarrays as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for water-glucose co-electrolysis. It was demonstrated that
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1472881-3
ISSN	1364-548X ; 1359-7345 ; 0009-241X
ISSN (online)	1364-548X
ISSN	1359-7345 ; 0009-241X
DOI	10.1039/d3cc03838f
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