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Article ; Online: The protective effects of Arctiin in asthma by attenuating airway inflammation and inhibiting p38/NF-κB signaling.

Yuan, Lang / Sun, Chao

Aging

2024 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 5038–5049

Abstract: Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, which affects millions of people worldwide. Arctiin, a bioactive molecule derived from the traditional Chinese Burdock, has not been previously reported for its effects on asthma in infants. ...

Abstract	Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, which affects millions of people worldwide. Arctiin, a bioactive molecule derived from the traditional Chinese Burdock, has not been previously reported for its effects on asthma in infants. In this study, an asthma model was established in mice by stimulation with ovalbumin (OVA). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF) was collected from OVA-challenged mice and the cells were counted. Lung tissue was harvested for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and measurement of Wet/Dry weight ratios. The expressions of proteins were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blots. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung tissue was measured using a commercial kit. We found that Arctiin had beneficial effects on asthma treatment. Firstly, it attenuated OVA-challenged lung pathological alterations. Secondly, it ameliorated pro-inflammatory response by reducing the number of inflammatory cells and mitigating the imbalance of Th1/Th2 factors in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF) of OVA-challenged mice. Importantly, Arctiin ameliorated OVA-induced lung tissue impairment and improved lung function. Additionally, we observed that oxidative stress (OS) in the pulmonary tissue of OVA-challenged mice was ameliorated by Arctiin. Mechanistically, Arctiin prevented OVA-induced activation of p38 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Based on these findings, we conclude that Arctiin might serve as a promising agent for the treatment of asthma.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Ovalbumin ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Asthma/pathology ; Lung/pathology ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Furans ; Glucosides
Chemical Substances	NF-kappa B ; arctiin (TM5RQ949K7) ; Ovalbumin (9006-59-1) ; Cytokines ; Furans ; Glucosides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1945-4589
ISSN (online)	1945-4589
DOI	10.18632/aging.205584
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Children aged 0-14 years had a far lower mortality risk during the entire COVID-19 pandemic in four major industrial countries: an observational study.

Yuan, Lang / Sun, Chao / Zeng, Zeyu / Wang, Haojie

European journal of pediatrics

2024

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the morbidity and mortality of children during the entire COVID-19 pandemic. Age-disaggregated data of 108,003,741 cases and 560,426 deaths were collected from Canada, France, Germany, and Italy. The number of ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study is to describe the morbidity and mortality of children during the entire COVID-19 pandemic. Age-disaggregated data of 108,003,741 cases and 560,426 deaths were collected from Canada, France, Germany, and Italy. The number of cases and deaths per million people per week, as well as case fatality rates (CFRs), were calculated for patients aged 0-14 and ≥ 15 years. During the first pandemic period in the four countries, starting from weeks 4 to 11 (in 2020) and ending at week 22 (in 2021), the number of deaths per million people per week and the CFRs in the ≥ 15 years age group were 500 to 2513 and 442 to 1662 times greater, respectively, than those in the 0-14 years age group. The number of deaths per million people per week was significantly lower in the first pandemic period than in the second pandemic period, which started at week 23 (2021) and ended from week 22 to week 25 (2023). During the second pandemic period in the four countries, the disparities between the ≥ 15 years and 0-14 years age groups decreased, and the number of deaths per million people per week in the ≥ 15 years age group was 76 to 180 times greater than it in the 0-14 years age group. Conclusion: Children aged 0-14 years had a far lower mortality risk during the entire COVID-19 pandemic, and the impact of viral variants and/or vaccination on the mortality rate is difficult to distinguish. What is known: • Although extensive studies have focused on COVID-19-induced mortality, most of them are provisional reports performed during the unfolding of the pandemic and provide imprecise conclusion. What is new: • We described the morbidity and mortality for children aged 0-14 years using complete survey data recorded during the entire COVID-19 pandemic. • The number of deaths per million people per week was far lower in children aged 0-14 years, while the number of deaths per million people per week in children aged 0-14 years was significantly higher in the second period which starting from week 23 (2021) and ending at week 22 to 25 (2023) than in the first period which starting from week 1 to 11 (2020) and ending at week 22 (2021).
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-19
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	194196-3
ISSN	1432-1076 ; 0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
ISSN (online)	1432-1076
ISSN	0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
DOI	10.1007/s00431-024-05522-6
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Article: Understanding Melt Pool Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing.

Zhang, Zilong / Zhang, Tianyu / Sun, Can / Karna, Sivaji / Yuan, Lang

Micromachines

2024 Volume 15, Issue 2

Abstract: In the laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process, the quality of fabrications is intricately tied to the laser-matter interaction, specifically the formation of the melt pool. This study experimentally examined the intricacies of melt pool ... ...

Abstract	In the laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process, the quality of fabrications is intricately tied to the laser-matter interaction, specifically the formation of the melt pool. This study experimentally examined the intricacies of melt pool characteristics and surface topography across diverse laser powers and speeds via single-track laser scanning on a bare plate and powder bed for 316L stainless steel. The results reveal that the presence of a powder layer amplifies melt pool instability and worsens irregularities due to increased laser absorption and the introduction of uneven mass from the powder. To provide a comprehensive understanding of melt pool dynamics, a high-fidelity computational model encompassing fluid dynamics, heat transfer, vaporization, and solidification was developed. It was validated against the measured melt pool dimensions and morphology, effectively predicting conduction and keyholing modes with irregular surface features. Particularly, the model explained the forming mechanisms of a defective morphology, termed swell-undercut, at high power and speed conditions, detailing the roles of recoil pressure and liquid refilling. As an application, multiple-track simulations replicate the surface features on cubic samples under two distinct process conditions, showcasing the potential of the laser-matter interaction model for process optimization.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2620864-7
ISSN	2072-666X
ISSN	2072-666X
DOI	10.3390/mi15020170
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Article: Understanding surface roughness on vertical surfaces of 316 L stainless steel in laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing

Zhang, Tianyu / Yuan, Lang

Powder technology. 2022 Oct., v. 411

2022

Abstract: Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) offers high degrees of freedom to create complex geometries with fine features. Controlling surface roughness is one of the means of improving mechanical and functional properties. This is critical for those surfaces that ... ...

Abstract	Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) offers high degrees of freedom to create complex geometries with fine features. Controlling surface roughness is one of the means of improving mechanical and functional properties. This is critical for those surfaces that post-treatments cannot process. This study investigated the effects of a wide range of processing parameters grouped by energy density on surface roughness, particularly at vertical surfaces in L-PBF. The surface arithmetic average roughness, Sa, was measured via confocal microscopy. Scanning electron microscope was used to examine the detailed characteristics and the solidification microstructure on and near surfaces. Increasing laser power and speed under the identical energy density or increasing energy density under the equal speed results in rough vertical surfaces. Solidified melt tracks and partially remelted particles dominate the vertical surface roughness in cases with low energy densities. In contrast, the dross formation contributes to the high vertical surface roughness in cases with high energy densities. By examining the melt pool morphology and the solidification microstructure near the surfaces, the mechanism grounded on a multi-layer melt pool instability is proposed to explain the dominant factors for vertical surfaces. The insights into the formation of key surface characteristics can assist in designing process parameters and generating innovative methods to improve surface roughness.
Keywords	arithmetics ; confocal microscopy ; energy ; energy density ; microstructure ; roughness ; solidification ; stainless steel ; surface roughness ; technology
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-10
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	0032-5910
DOI	10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117957
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Evaluating imputation methods for single-cell RNA-seq data.

Cheng, Yi / Ma, Xiuli / Yuan, Lang / Sun, Zhaoguo / Wang, Pingzhang

BMC bioinformatics

2023 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 302

Abstract: Background: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables the high-throughput profiling of gene expression at the single-cell level. However, overwhelming dropouts within data may obscure meaningful biological signals. Various imputation methods have ... ...

Abstract	Background: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables the high-throughput profiling of gene expression at the single-cell level. However, overwhelming dropouts within data may obscure meaningful biological signals. Various imputation methods have recently been developed to address this problem. Therefore, it is important to perform a systematic evaluation of different imputation algorithms. Results: In this study, we evaluated 11 of the most recent imputation methods on 12 real biological datasets from immunological studies and 4 simulated datasets. The performance of these methods was compared, based on numerical recovery, cell clustering and marker gene analysis. Most of the methods brought some benefits on numerical recovery. To some extent, the performance of imputation methods varied among protocols. In the cell clustering analysis, no method performed consistently well across all datasets. Some methods performed poorly on real datasets but excellent on simulated datasets. Surprisingly and importantly, some methods had a negative effect on cell clustering. In marker gene analysis, some methods identified potentially novel cell subsets. However, not all of the marker genes were successfully imputed in gene expression, suggesting that imputation challenges remain. Conclusions: In summary, different imputation methods showed different effects on different datasets, suggesting that imputation may have dataset specificity. Our study reveals the benefits and limitations of various imputation methods and provides a data-driven guidance for scRNA-seq data analysis.
MeSH term(s)	Gene Expression Profiling ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods ; Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis ; Single-Cell Analysis/methods ; Algorithms ; Cluster Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041484-5
ISSN	1471-2105 ; 1471-2105
ISSN (online)	1471-2105
ISSN	1471-2105
DOI	10.1186/s12859-023-05417-7
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Article ; Online: Cryptogenic hemoptysis caused by isolated aortopulmonary collateral artery formation

Yuan Lang / Chao Sun / Xiaoyan Dong / Yongshuang Fang / Zeyu Zeng

Journal of International Medical Research, Vol

a case report

2021 Volume 49

Abstract: Hemoptysis in children is caused by various factors, the most common of which is basic lung disease or heart disease. Aortopulmonary collateral arteries (APCAs) are blood vessels that originate from the aorta or its branches and provide blood flow to the ...

Abstract	Hemoptysis in children is caused by various factors, the most common of which is basic lung disease or heart disease. Aortopulmonary collateral arteries (APCAs) are blood vessels that originate from the aorta or its branches and provide blood flow to the pulmonary tissues. We herein report a rare case of APCAs without abnormal structures in the heart. The patient was a previously healthy boy with APCAs originating from the descending aorta. He had no history of congenital heart disease and developed repeated episodes of cryptogenic hemoptysis during his school-age years. Arteriography examination facilitated the diagnosis of APCAs. After embolization, the patient developed no further hemoptysis during 10 months of follow-up. Arteriography is of great significance in determining the cause of recurrent cryptogenic hemoptysis.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparitive Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Three Houpoea Plants

Xu, Qinbin / Li, Zhuoran / Wu, Nannan / Yang, Jing / Yuan, Lang / Zhao, Tongxing / Sima, Yongkang / Xu, Tao

Genes (Basel). 2023 June 14, v. 14, no. 6

2023

Abstract: The genus Houpoea belongs to the family Magnoliaceae, and the species in this genus have important medicinal values. However, the investigation of the correlation between the evolution of the genus and its phylogeny has been severely hampered by the ... ...

Abstract	The genus Houpoea belongs to the family Magnoliaceae, and the species in this genus have important medicinal values. However, the investigation of the correlation between the evolution of the genus and its phylogeny has been severely hampered by the unknown range of species within the genus and the paucity of research on its chloroplast genome. Thus, we selected three species of Houpoea: Houpoea officinalis var officinalis (OO), Houpoea officinalis var. biloba (OB), and Houpoea rostrata (R). With lengths of 160,153 bp (OO), 160,011 bp (OB), and 160,070 bp (R), respectively, the whole chloroplast genomes (CPGs) of these three Houpoea plants were acquired via Illumina sequencing technology, and the findings were annotated and evaluated. These three chloroplast genomes were revealed by the annotation findings to be typical tetrads. A total of 131, 132, and 120 different genes were annotated. The CPGs of the three species had 52, 47, and 56 repeat sequences, which were primarily found in the ycf2 gene. A useful tool for identifying species is the approximately 170 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) that have been found. The border area of the reverse repetition region (IR) was studied, and it was shown that across the three Houpoea plants, it is highly conservative, with only changes between H. rostrata and the other two plants observed. Numerous highly variable areas (rps3-rps19, rpl32-trnL, ycf1, ccsA, etc.) have the potential to serve as the barcode label for Houpoea, according to an examination of mVISTA and nucleotide diversity (Pi). Phylogenetic relation indicates that Houpoea is a monophyletic taxon, and its genus range and systematic position are consistent with the Magnoliaceae system of Sima Yongkang-Lu Shugang, including five species and varieties of H. officinalis var. officinalis, H. rostrata, H. officinalis var. biloba, Houpoea obovate, and Houpoea tripetala, which evolved and differentiated from the ancestors of Houpoea to the present Houpoea in the above order. This study provides valuable information on the genus Houpoea, enriches the CPG information on Houpoea genus, and provides genetic resources for the further classification of and phylogenetic research on Houpoea.
Keywords	Magnoliaceae ; barcoding ; chloroplast genome ; genes ; genetic variation ; monophyly
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0614
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes14061262
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The complete chloroplast genome sequence of

Weng, Ai-Fang / Yuan, Lang-Xing / Sun, Qing-Hui / Wang, Hong-Xin

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources

2021 Volume 6, Issue 12, Page(s) 3461–3462

Abstract: Phyllagathi ... ...

Abstract	Phyllagathi hainanensis
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2380-2359
ISSN (online)	2380-2359
DOI	10.1080/23802359.2021.2002202
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Steroid myopathy in a child with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: a case report.

Fang, Yongshuang / Yuan, Lang / Zhao, Ran / Jiang, Kun / Dong, Xiaoyan

Annals of palliative medicine

2021 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 7099–7106

Abstract: Steroid myopathy (SM) is a side effect of glucocorticoid administration. Previous reports of SM after glucocorticoid therapy for respiratory diseases have focused on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults or adolescents. To our ... ...

Abstract	Steroid myopathy (SM) is a side effect of glucocorticoid administration. Previous reports of SM after glucocorticoid therapy for respiratory diseases have focused on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults or adolescents. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of SM after treatment with glucocorticoid for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in preschoolers. We present a 4-year-old girl with DAH requiring the treatment with methylprednisolone, who was transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) due to respiratory failure caused by severe pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation. When transferred to respiratory department, the strength of the limbs of the patient decreased, and her lower limbs were paralyzed. We performed relevant examination to rule out juvenile dermatomyositis and other diseases such as deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs, Guillain-Barre syndrome that may cause the decline of muscle strength. SM was considered based on the clinical characteristics and risk factors of the child, so glucocorticoid treatment was tapered following the treatment regimen for DAH and SM. The muscle strength of the child completely recovered, which further confirmed our diagnosis of SM. In pediatrics, SM should also be a concern when patients with respiratory disease experience decreased muscle strength following glucocorticoid therapy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-06
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2828544-X
ISSN	2224-5839 ; 2224-5839
ISSN (online)	2224-5839
ISSN	2224-5839
DOI	10.21037/apm-21-816
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Article ; Online: Effects of Ru doping on the structural stability and electrochemical properties of Li

He, Zhi-Xin / Yu, Hai-Tao / He, Fei / Xie, Ying / Yuan, Lang / Yi, Ting-Feng

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

2022 Volume 51, Issue 22, Page(s) 8786–8794

Abstract: ... The ... ...

Abstract	The Li
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1472887-4
ISSN	1477-9234 ; 1364-5447 ; 0300-9246 ; 1477-9226
ISSN (online)	1477-9234 ; 1364-5447
ISSN	0300-9246 ; 1477-9226
DOI	10.1039/d2dt00826b
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