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Article ; Online: Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Challenges and Its Antiviral Therapeutics

Zijie Li / Wangquan Ji / Shuaiyin Chen / Guangcai Duan / Yuefei Jin

Vaccines, Vol 11, Iss 571, p

2023 Volume 571

Abstract: Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses (EVs) and is extremely contagious and prevalent among infants and children under 5 years old [.] ...

Abstract	Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses (EVs) and is extremely contagious and prevalent among infants and children under 5 years old [.]
Keywords	n/a ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: TBK1 and IRF3 are potential therapeutic targets in Enterovirus A71-associated diseases.

Wangquan Ji / Tiantian Sun / Dong Li / Shuaiyin Chen / Haiyan Yang / Yuefei Jin / Guangcai Duan

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 1, p e

2023 Volume 0011001

Abstract: Background Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is an important causative agent of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) associated with enormous healthcare and socioeconomic burden. Although a range of studies about EV-A71 pathogenesis have been well described, the ... ...

Abstract	Background Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is an important causative agent of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) associated with enormous healthcare and socioeconomic burden. Although a range of studies about EV-A71 pathogenesis have been well described, the underlying molecular mechanism in terms of innate immune response is still not fully understood, especially the roles of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and interferon-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Methodology/principal findings Here, we applied TBK1 inhibitor and IRF3 agonist, for the first time, to evaluate the antiviral activities of TBK1 and IRF3 in vivo. We found that, through regulating EV-A71-induced type I interferon (IFN) response, IRF3 agonist effectively alleviated EV-A71-induced illness, while TBK1 inhibitor aggravated disease progression. In addition, EV-A71 replication was suppressed in EVA-71-infected mice administrated with IRF3 agonist. On the other hand, more severe pathological alterations of neuronal degeneration, muscle fiber breaks, fractured or fused alveolar walls, and diffuse congestion occurred in EVA-71-infected mice treated with TBK1 inhibitor administration. Furthermore, we determined the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and IL-10 in both lungs and brains of mice and found that TBK1 inhibitor promoted EV-A71-induced inflammatory response, while IRF3 agonist alleviated it, which was consistent with clinical manifestations and pathological alterations. Conclusions Collectively, our findings suggest that TBK1 and IRF3 are potential therapeutic targets in EV-A71-induced illness.
Keywords	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Essential Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Enterovirus Infection

Peiyu Zhu / Shuaiyin Chen / Weiguo Zhang / Guangcai Duan / Yuefei Jin

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 2904, p

From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Prospects

2021 Volume 2904

Abstract: Enteroviruses (EVs) are common RNA viruses that can cause various types of human diseases and conditions such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), myocarditis, meningitis, sepsis, and respiratory disorders. Although EV infections in most patients are ...

Abstract	Enteroviruses (EVs) are common RNA viruses that can cause various types of human diseases and conditions such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), myocarditis, meningitis, sepsis, and respiratory disorders. Although EV infections in most patients are generally mild and self-limiting, a small number of young children can develop serious complications such as encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, myocarditis, and cardiorespiratory failure, resulting in fatalities. Established evidence has suggested that certain non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the occurrence and progression of many human diseases. Recently, the involvement of ncRNAs in the course of EV infection has been reported. Herein, the authors focus on recent advances in the understanding of ncRNAs in EV infection from basic viral pathogenesis to clinical prospects, providing a reference basis and new ideas for disease prevention and research directions.
Keywords	non-coding RNAs ; enteroviruses ; immune dysfunction ; apoptosis ; signaling pathway ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Laboratory Indicators for Identifying Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Severity

Yaqi Xie / Quanman Hu / Wenjie Jiang / Wangquan Ji / Shuaiyin Chen / Yuefei Jin / Guangcai Duan

Vaccines, Vol 10, Iss 1829, p

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2022 Volume 1829

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study is to study laboratory indicators for the identification of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) severity. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science for literature that was published before May 2022. ...

Abstract	Objective: The purpose of this study is to study laboratory indicators for the identification of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) severity. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science for literature that was published before May 2022. The main results are presented as forest plots. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were also performed. Results: Our study indicated that white blood cells (WBC) (95%CI: 0.205–0.778), blood glucose (95%CI: 0.505–0.778), lymphocytes (95%CI: 0.072–0.239), creatinine (95%CI: 0.024–0.228), interleukin (IL)-2 (95%CI: 0.192–1.642), IL-6 (95%CI: 0.289–0.776), IL-8 (95%CI: 0.499–0.867), IL-10 (95%CI: 0.226–0.930), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (95%CI: 0.193–2.584), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (95%CI: 1.078–2.715), and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) (95%CI: 0.571–1.459) were associated with an increased risk of HFMD severity, and the results of the sensitivity analysis of these indicators were stable and free of publication bias. Conclusions: Our results suggest that various deleterious immune and metabolic changes can increase the risk of HFMD severity, which can provide a basis for predicting the prognosis and useful evidence for clinicians to manage patients efficiently.
Keywords	hand ; foot and mouth disease ; laboratory indicators ; severity ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Elevated Procalcitonin Is Positively Associated with the Severity of COVID-19

Yue Shen / Cheng Cheng / Xue Zheng / Yuefei Jin / Guangcai Duan / Mengshi Chen / Shuaiyin Chen

Medicina, Vol 57, Iss 594, p

A Meta-Analysis Based on 10 Cohort Studies

2021 Volume 594

Abstract: Background and Objectives : Procalcitonin (PCT) is positively associated with the severity of COVID-19 (including severe, critical, or fatal outcomes), but some of the confounding factors are not considered. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives : Procalcitonin (PCT) is positively associated with the severity of COVID-19 (including severe, critical, or fatal outcomes), but some of the confounding factors are not considered. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the adjusted relationship between elevated procalcitonin on admission and the severity of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: We searched 1805 articles from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to 2 April 2021. The articles were selected which reported the adjusted relationship applying multivariate analysis between PCT and the severity of COVID-19. The pooled effect estimate was calculated by the random-effects model. Results: The meta-analysis included 10 cohort studies with a total of 7716 patients. Patients with elevated procalcitonin on admission were at a higher risk of severe and critical COVID-19 (pooled effect estimate: 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38–2.29; I 2 = 85.6%, p < 0.001). Similar results were also observed in dead patients (pooled effect estimate: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.36–2.30). After adjusting for diabetes, the positive association between PCT and the severity of COVID-19 decreased. Subgroup analysis revealed heterogeneity between studies and sensitivity analysis showed that the results were robust. There was no evidence of publication bias by Egger’s test ( p = 0.106). Conclusions: Higher procalcitonin is positively associated with the severity of COVID-19, which is a potential biomarker to evaluate the severity of COVID-19 and predict the prognosis.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; procalcitonin ; severity ; meta-analysis ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Endothelial activation and dysfunction in COVID-19

Yuefei Jin / Wangquan Ji / Haiyan Yang / Shuaiyin Chen / Weiguo Zhang / Guangcai Duan

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-

from basic mechanisms to potential therapeutic approaches

2020 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract On 12 March 2020, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As of 4 August 2020, more than 18 million confirmed infections had been reported globally. Most patients have mild ... ...

Abstract	Abstract On 12 March 2020, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As of 4 August 2020, more than 18 million confirmed infections had been reported globally. Most patients have mild symptoms, but some patients develop respiratory failure which is the leading cause of death among COVID-19 patients. Endothelial cells with high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression are major participants and regulators of inflammatory reactions and coagulation. Accumulating evidence suggests that endothelial activation and dysfunction participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis by altering the integrity of vessel barrier, promoting pro-coagulative state, inducing endothelial inflammation, and even mediating leukocyte infiltration. This review describes the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial activation and dysfunction during COVID-19 emphasizing the principal mediators and therapeutic implications.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Virology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Control of COVID-19

Yuefei Jin / Haiyan Yang / Wangquan Ji / Weidong Wu / Shuaiyin Chen / Weiguo Zhang / Guangcai Duan

Viruses ; Volume 12 ; Issue 4

2020

Abstract: The outbreak of emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China has been brought to global attention and declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Scientific ... ...

Abstract	The outbreak of emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China has been brought to global attention and declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Scientific advancements since the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002~2003 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 have accelerated our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of therapeutics to treat viral infection. As no specific therapeutics and vaccines are available for disease control, the epidemic of COVID-19 is posing a great threat for global public health. To provide a comprehensive summary to public health authorities and potential readers worldwide, we detail the present understanding of COVID-19 and introduce the current state of development of measures in this review.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; epidemiology ; pathogenesis ; therapeutics ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-27
Publisher	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Publishing country	ch
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Virology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Control of COVID-19

Yuefei Jin / Haiyan Yang / Wangquan Ji / Weidong Wu / Shuaiyin Chen / Weiguo Zhang / Guangcai Duan

Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 372, p

2020 Volume 372

Abstract	The outbreak of emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China has been brought to global attention and declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Scientific advancements since the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002~2003 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 have accelerated our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of therapeutics to treat viral infection. As no specific therapeutics and vaccines are available for disease control, the epidemic of COVID-19 is posing a great threat for global public health. To provide a comprehensive summary to public health authorities and potential readers worldwide, we detail the present understanding of COVID-19 and introduce the current state of development of measures in this review.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; epidemiology ; pathogenesis ; therapeutics ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: CRISPR/Cas12-Based Ultra-Sensitive and Specific Point-of-Care Detection of HBV

Ronghua Ding / Jinzhao Long / Mingzhu Yuan / Xue Zheng / Yue Shen / Yuefei Jin / Haiyan Yang / Hao Li / Shuaiyin Chen / Guangcai Duan

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 4842, p

2021 Volume 4842

Abstract: Hepatitis B remains a major global public health challenge, with particularly high prevalence in medically disadvantaged western Pacific and African regions. Although clinically available technologies for the qPCR detection of HBV are well established, ... ...

Abstract	Hepatitis B remains a major global public health challenge, with particularly high prevalence in medically disadvantaged western Pacific and African regions. Although clinically available technologies for the qPCR detection of HBV are well established, research on point-of-care testing has not progressed substantially. The development of a rapid, accurate point-of-care test is essential for the prevention and control of hepatitis B in medically disadvantaged rural areas. The development of the CRISPR/Cas system in nucleic acid detection has allowed for pathogen point-of-care detection. Here, we developed a rapid and accurate point-of-care assay for HBV based on LAMP-Cas12a. It innovatively solves the problem of point-of-care testing in 10 min, particularly the problem of sample nucleic acid extraction. Based on LAMP-Cas12a, visualization of the assay results is presented by both a fluorescent readout and by lateral flow test strips. The lateral flow test strip technology can achieve results visible to the naked eye, while fluorescence readout can achieve real-time high-sensitivity detection. The fluorescent readout-based Cas12a assay can achieve HBV detection with a limit of detection of 1 copy/μL within 13 min, while the lateral flow test strip technique only takes 20 min. In the evaluation of 73 clinical samples, the sensitivity and specificity of both the fluorescence readout and lateral flow test strip method were 100%, and the results of the assay were fully comparable to qPCR. The LAMP-Cas12a-based HBV assay relies on minimal equipment to provide rapid, accurate test results and low costs, providing significant practical value for point-of-care HBV detection.
Keywords	Hepatitis B virus (HBV) ; CRISPR/Cas12a ; LAMP ; point-of-care detection ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Disruption of the Endothelial Barrier Contributes to Acute Lung Injury Induced by Coxsackievirus A2 Infection in Mice

Wangquan Ji / Qiang Hu / Mengdi Zhang / Chuwen Zhang / Chen Chen / Yujie Yan / Xue Zhang / Shuaiyin Chen / Ling Tao / Weiguo Zhang / Yuefei Jin / Guangcai Duan

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 9895, p

2021 Volume 9895

Abstract: Sporadic occurrences and outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Coxsackievirus A2 (CVA2) have frequently reported worldwide recently, which pose a great challenge to public health. Epidemiological studies have suggested that the main ...

Abstract	Sporadic occurrences and outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Coxsackievirus A2 (CVA2) have frequently reported worldwide recently, which pose a great challenge to public health. Epidemiological studies have suggested that the main cause of death in critical patients is pulmonary edema. However, the pathogenesis of this underlying comorbidity remains unclear. In this study, we utilized the 5-day-old BALB/c mouse model of lethal CVA2 infection to evaluate lung damage. We found that the permeability of lung microvascular was significantly increased after CVA2 infection. We also observed the direct infection and apoptosis of lung endothelial cells as well as the destruction of tight junctions between endothelial cells. CVA2 infection led to the degradation of tight junction proteins (e.g., ZO-1, claudin-5, and occludin). The gene transcription levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelin (ET), thrombomodulin (THBD), granular membrane protein 140 (GMP140), and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) related to endothelial dysfunction were all significantly increased. Additionally, CVA2 infection induced the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1) and the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In conclusion, the disruption of the endothelial barrier contributes to acute lung injury induced by CVA2 infection; targeting p38-MAPK signaling may provide a therapeutic approach for pulmonary edema in critical infections of HFMD.
Keywords	hand ; foot ; and mouth disease ; Coxsackievirus A2 ; endothelial barrier ; pulmonary edema ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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