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  1. Article ; Online: A review on sustainability and quality of biochar production from oil palm biomass in Malaysia using thermal conversion technology

    Mohamed Mustakimah / Yusup Suzana

    E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 287, p

    2021  Volume 04011

    Abstract: Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), mesocarp fiber (MF), palm kernel shell (PKS), oil palm trunk (OPT) and oil palm frond (OPF) are the common solid lignocellulosic biomass generated from oil palm industries. A palm oil plantation was estimated to generate ...

    Abstract Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), mesocarp fiber (MF), palm kernel shell (PKS), oil palm trunk (OPT) and oil palm frond (OPF) are the common solid lignocellulosic biomass generated from oil palm industries. A palm oil plantation was estimated to generate 36.5 ton of dry biomass in each hectare every year which suggesting the abundancy of these wastes. Feedstock feasibility and common properties as a carbon-rich material, have initiated an interest to utilize these biomass for biochar production. This paper provides a review on the developed thermal conversion technologies to synthesize biochar from oil palm biomass and includes the respective product quality such as carbon contents, yield and other physicochemical properties. The sustainability of oil palm biomass as the feedstock for biochar production in Malaysia were also described by providing the overview on biomass availability, biomass industry value chain and respective characteristics. Determining appropriate type of biomass and applying effective type of thermal conversion technologies produce biochar with good physicochemical qualities. This review observed that lignin in biomass contributes significantly to biochar production and slow pyrolysis technique is a promising technology to yield a good quality of biochar.
    Keywords Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 660
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher EDP Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Co-valorization of delayed petroleum coke – palm kernel shell for activated carbon production

    Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Yusup, Suzana

    Journal of hazardous materials. 2021 Feb. 05, v. 403

    2021  

    Abstract: In this study, a binary mixture of petroleum coke and palm kernel shell had been investigated as potential starting materials for activated carbon production. Single-stage potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) activation under nitrogen (N₂) atmosphere was adopted ... ...

    Abstract In this study, a binary mixture of petroleum coke and palm kernel shell had been investigated as potential starting materials for activated carbon production. Single-stage potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) activation under nitrogen (N₂) atmosphere was adopted in this research study. Effect of several operating parameters that included the impregnation ratio (1−3 wt./wt.), activation temperature (600−800 °C), and dwell time (1−2 hrs) were analyzed by using the Box-Behnken experimental design. Influence of these parameters towards activated carbon yield (Y₁) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) adsorption capacity at an atmospheric condition (Y₂) were investigated. The optimum conditions for the activated carbon production were attained at impregnation ratio of 1.75:1, activation temperature of 680 °C, and dwell time of 1 h, with its corresponding Y₁ and Y₂ is 56.2 wt.% and 2.3991 mmol/g, respectively. Physicochemical properties of the pristine materials and synthesized activated carbon at the optimum conditions were analyzed in terms of their decomposition behavior, surface morphology, elemental composition, and textural characteristics. The study revealed that the blend of petroleum coke and palm kernel shell can be effectively used as the activated carbon precursors, and the experimental findings demonstrated comparable CO₂ adsorption performance with commercial activated carbon as well as that in literatures.
    Keywords activated carbon ; adsorption ; carbon dioxide ; elemental composition ; experimental design ; nitrogen ; palm kernels ; petroleum ; potassium carbonate ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0205
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1491302-1
    ISSN 1873-3336 ; 0304-3894
    ISSN (online) 1873-3336
    ISSN 0304-3894
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123876
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  3. Article: Recent progress on production technologies of food waste-based biochar and its fabrication method as electrode materials in energy storage application.

    Ismail, Intan Syafiqah / Othman, Muhamad Farhan Haqeem / Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Yusup, Suzana

    Biomass conversion and biorefinery

    2023  , Page(s) 1–17

    Abstract: The abundance of food waste across the globe has called for the mitigation and reduction of these discarded wastes. Herein, the potential of biochar derived from food waste is unquestionable as it provides a sustainable way of utilizing the abundance of ... ...

    Abstract The abundance of food waste across the globe has called for the mitigation and reduction of these discarded wastes. Herein, the potential of biochar derived from food waste is unquestionable as it provides a sustainable way of utilizing the abundance of available biomass, as well as an effective way of preserving the ecosystem through the reduction of concerning environmental issues. This review focuses on the food waste-based biochar as advanced electrode materials in the energy storage devices. Efforts have been made to present and discuss the current exploration of the food waste utilization, along with the biochar production technologies through thermochemical conversion, including combustion, gasification, and pyrolysis method. Finding its limitation in literatures, discussion on the food waste-based biochar fabrication method as the electrode materials is elaborated, alongside the current food waste-based biochar that has been explored in the energy application thus far. Towards the end, the outlook and perspective on the further development of food waste-based biochar have been outlined.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2592298-1
    ISSN 2190-6823 ; 2190-6815
    ISSN (online) 2190-6823
    ISSN 2190-6815
    DOI 10.1007/s13399-023-03763-3
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  4. Article: Biomass Energy in Malaysia: Current Scenario, Policies, and Implementation Challenges.

    Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Chai, Yee Ho / Yusup, Suzana

    Bioenergy research

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 1371–1386

    Abstract: The energy demand in Malaysia has shown a dramatic increase over the last few years: with natural gas and coal being the primary contributors. Nevertheless, due to declining in fossil fuel reserves coupled with negative environmental impacts, shifting to ...

    Abstract The energy demand in Malaysia has shown a dramatic increase over the last few years: with natural gas and coal being the primary contributors. Nevertheless, due to declining in fossil fuel reserves coupled with negative environmental impacts, shifting to sustainable renewable energy for meeting the future energy demand is recommended. Since Malaysia is rich with natural resources, utilization of biomass energy (bioenergy/biofuel) as the alternative energy is promising to be further explored. Therefore, this review paper intents to discuss the current scenario of different types of biomass energy in Malaysia along with the up-to-date local biomass energy-related environmental policy (from 2016 onwards). In addition, challenges and barriers for large-scale implementation of the biomass energy in Malaysia are to be discussed. Overall, this review paper is interesting as it can assist in promoting the biomass utilization as energy source, and to ensure the future growth of biomass energy market in the country along with its effective implementation while alleviating poor disposal problem and to create job employment opportunities. Furthermore, a collective effort to expand potential biomass feedstocks, apart from oil palm, should be emphasized to encourage the renewable energy production diversification in the nation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2424546-X
    ISSN 1939-1242 ; 1939-1234
    ISSN (online) 1939-1242
    ISSN 1939-1234
    DOI 10.1007/s12155-022-10392-7
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  5. Article: Production and characterization of bamboo-based activated carbon through single-step H3PO4 activation for CO2 capture

    Ismail, Intan Syafiqah / Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Yusup, Suzana

    Environmental science and pollution research. 2022 Feb., v. 29, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: Bamboo is the fastest-growing plant and is abundant in Malaysia. It is employed as a starting material for activated carbon production and evaluated for its potential in CO₂ capture. A single-stage phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) activation is adopted by varying ...

    Abstract Bamboo is the fastest-growing plant and is abundant in Malaysia. It is employed as a starting material for activated carbon production and evaluated for its potential in CO₂ capture. A single-stage phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) activation is adopted by varying the concentrations of H₃PO₄ between 50 and 70 wt.% at a constant temperature and holding time of 500°C and 120 min, respectively. The bamboo-based activated carbons are characterized in terms of product yield, surface area, and porosity, as well as surface chemistry properties. Referring to the experimental findings, the prepared activated carbons have BET surface area of >1000 m² g⁻¹, which implies the effectiveness of the single-stage H₃PO₄ activation. Furthermore, the prepared activated carbon via 50 wt.% H₃PO₄ activation shows the highest BET surface area and carbon dioxide (CO₂) adsorption capacity of 1.45 mmol g⁻¹ at 25°C/1 bar and 9.0 mmol g⁻¹ at 25°C/30 bar. With respect to both the characterization analysis and CO₂ adsorption performance, it is concluded that bamboo waste conversion to activated carbon through H₃PO₄ activation method is indeed promising.
    Keywords activated carbon ; adsorption ; bamboos ; carbon dioxide ; phosphoric acid ; pollution ; porosity ; research ; surface area ; temperature ; Malaysia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 12434-12440.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-15030-x
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  6. Article: Biomass Energy in Malaysia: Current Scenario, Policies, and Implementation Challenges

    Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Chai, Yee Ho / Yusup, Suzana

    BioEnergy research. 2022 Sept., v. 15, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: The energy demand in Malaysia has shown a dramatic increase over the last few years: with natural gas and coal being the primary contributors. Nevertheless, due to declining in fossil fuel reserves coupled with negative environmental impacts, shifting to ...

    Abstract The energy demand in Malaysia has shown a dramatic increase over the last few years: with natural gas and coal being the primary contributors. Nevertheless, due to declining in fossil fuel reserves coupled with negative environmental impacts, shifting to sustainable renewable energy for meeting the future energy demand is recommended. Since Malaysia is rich with natural resources, utilization of biomass energy (bioenergy/biofuel) as the alternative energy is promising to be further explored. Therefore, this review paper intents to discuss the current scenario of different types of biomass energy in Malaysia along with the up-to-date local biomass energy–related environmental policy (from 2016 onwards). In addition, challenges and barriers for large-scale implementation of the biomass energy in Malaysia are to be discussed. Overall, this review paper is interesting as it can assist in promoting the biomass utilization as energy source, and to ensure the future growth of biomass energy market in the country along with its effective implementation while alleviating poor disposal problem and to create job employment opportunities. Furthermore, a collective effort to expand potential biomass feedstocks, apart from oil palm, should be emphasized to encourage the renewable energy production diversification in the nation.
    Keywords Elaeis guineensis ; biofuels ; biomass ; coal ; employment ; energy ; environmental policy ; feedstocks ; markets ; natural gas ; research ; Malaysia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-09
    Size p. 1371-1386.
    Publishing place Springer US
    Document type Article
    Note Review
    ZDB-ID 2424546-X
    ISSN 1939-1242 ; 1939-1234
    ISSN (online) 1939-1242
    ISSN 1939-1234
    DOI 10.1007/s12155-022-10392-7
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  7. Article ; Online: Biochar as potential precursors for activated carbon production: parametric analysis and multi-response optimization.

    Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Yusup, Suzana

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2020  Volume 27, Issue 22, Page(s) 27480–27490

    Abstract: Accelerating greenhouse gas emission particularly carbon dioxide ( ... ...

    Abstract Accelerating greenhouse gas emission particularly carbon dioxide (CO
    MeSH term(s) Adsorption ; Carbon Dioxide ; Charcoal ; Temperature
    Chemical Substances biochar ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Charcoal (16291-96-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-019-07448-1
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  8. Article ; Online: Co-valorization of delayed petroleum coke - palm kernel shell for activated carbon production.

    Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Yusup, Suzana

    Journal of hazardous materials

    2020  Volume 403, Page(s) 123876

    Abstract: In this study, a binary mixture of petroleum coke and palm kernel shell had been investigated as potential starting materials for activated carbon production. Single-stage potassium carbonate ( ... ...

    Abstract In this study, a binary mixture of petroleum coke and palm kernel shell had been investigated as potential starting materials for activated carbon production. Single-stage potassium carbonate (K
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1491302-1
    ISSN 1873-3336 ; 0304-3894
    ISSN (online) 1873-3336
    ISSN 0304-3894
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123876
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  9. Article: Biochar as potential precursors for activated carbon production: parametric analysis and multi-response optimization

    Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Yusup, Suzana

    Environmental science and pollution research international. 2020 Aug., v. 27, no. 22

    2020  

    Abstract: Accelerating greenhouse gas emission particularly carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere has become a major concern. Adsorption process has been proposed as a promising technology for CO₂ adsorption from flue gas, and the carbonaceous adsorbent is a ... ...

    Abstract Accelerating greenhouse gas emission particularly carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere has become a major concern. Adsorption process has been proposed as a promising technology for CO₂ adsorption from flue gas, and the carbonaceous adsorbent is a potential candidate for CO₂ adsorption at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. Biochar derived from palm kernel shell waste was applied as a potential precursor for activated carbon production. This research study employed the response surface methodology coupled with Box-Behnken design to optimize the parameters involved in producing exceptional activated carbon with high yield (Y₁) and CO₂ adsorptive characteristics (Y₂). Specifically, parameters studied include the activation temperature (750–950 °C), holding time (60–120 min), and CO₂ flow rate (150–450 mL/min). The activated carbon at the optimum conditions was characterized using various analytical instruments, including elemental analyzer, nitrogen (N₂) physisorption analyzer, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Overall, utilization of biochar as the activated carbon precursor is practical compared with the traditional non-renewable materials, due to its cost efficiencies and it being more environment-friendly ensuring process sustainability. Besides, this research study that incorporates physical activation with CO₂ as the activating agent is attractive, because it directly promotes CO₂ utilization and capture, in addition to the absence of any chemicals that may result in the secondary pollution problems.
    Keywords activated carbon ; adsorbents ; adsorption ; ambient temperature ; atmospheric pressure ; biochar ; carbon dioxide ; experimental design ; flue gas ; greenhouse gas emissions ; nitrogen ; palm kernels ; pollution ; research ; response surface methodology
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-08
    Size p. 27480-27490.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-019-07448-1
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  10. Article ; Online: Production and characterization of bamboo-based activated carbon through single-step H

    Ismail, Intan Syafiqah / Rashidi, Nor Adilla / Yusup, Suzana

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2021  Volume 29, Issue 9, Page(s) 12434–12440

    Abstract: Bamboo is the fastest-growing plant and is abundant in Malaysia. It is employed as a starting material for activated carbon production and evaluated for its potential in ... ...

    Abstract Bamboo is the fastest-growing plant and is abundant in Malaysia. It is employed as a starting material for activated carbon production and evaluated for its potential in CO
    MeSH term(s) Adsorption ; Carbon Dioxide ; Charcoal ; Porosity ; Temperature
    Chemical Substances Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Charcoal (16291-96-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-29
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-15030-x
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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