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Article ; Online: Pioneering Position of Iranian Scientists on Vital Pulp Therapy.

Zali, Alireza

2022 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 137–138

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-18
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2684659-7
ISSN	2008-2746 ; 2008-2746
ISSN (online)	2008-2746
ISSN	2008-2746
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 in pregnancy: A cross-sectional study on clinical features, disease severity, and health outcome.

Amin, Rozhin / Sohrabi, Mohammad-Reza / Zali, Ali-Reza / Hannani, Khatereh

Biomolecules & biomedicine

2024 Volume 24, Issue 3, Page(s) 659–664

Abstract: Assessing the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reveals unique challenges for pregnant women, who experience distinct clinical manifestations and health outcomes compared to their non-pregnant counterparts. We aimed to evaluate the clinical ... ...

Abstract	Assessing the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reveals unique challenges for pregnant women, who experience distinct clinical manifestations and health outcomes compared to their non-pregnant counterparts. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features, disease severity, and health outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnant women and compare them to those of non pregnant women. In this population-based study, we included all women diagnosed with COVID-19 across the province of Tehran during the first two years of the epidemic. Descriptive statistics, the chi-squared test, and the logistic regression model were applied. Overall, 79,338 non-pregnant women and 3249 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. Pregnant women were most commonly in the age group of 25 - 34 years (54%, n = 1758), while the age group of 34-44 had the highest representation among non-pregnant women (56%, n = 44,492). After accounting for age and comorbidities, pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of requiring intensive care (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, confidence interval [CI] 1.223 - 1.564). However, the probability of dying due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was lower in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women (OR 0.55, CI 0.394-0.793). Cough (41%) and fever (30%) were the most frequent clinical presentations in pregnant women, whereas cough (57%) and muscle ache (38%) were the most common symptoms in non-pregnant women. Furthermore, diarrhea (P < 0.001) and skin lesions (P < 0.001) were reported more frequently by pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients. A significant prevalence of diabetes (P < 0.001), hypertension (P < 0.001), cancers (P < 0.001), and chronic hematological diseases (P < 0.001) was observed in pregnant patients. In conclusion, COVID-19-infected pregnant women exhibit different clinical manifestations and a more severe clinical course but have better health outcomes compared to their non-pregnant counterparts.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology ; Iran/epidemiology ; Severity of Illness Index ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Young Adult ; Comorbidity ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-02
Publishing country	Bosnia and Herzegovina
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2831-090X
ISSN (online)	2831-090X
DOI	10.17305/bb.2023.9748
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Article: Efficacy and Safety of Vaccines After Conventional Treatments for Survival of Gliomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Amanzadeh Jajin, Elnaz / Oraee Yazdani, Saeed / Zali, Alireza / Esmaeili, Abolghasem

Oncology reviews

2024 Volume 18, Page(s) 1374513

Abstract: Background: Malignant gliomas are known with poor prognosis and low rate of survival among brain tumors. Resection surgery is followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy in treatment of gliomas which is known as the conventional treatment. However, this ... ...

Abstract	Background: Malignant gliomas are known with poor prognosis and low rate of survival among brain tumors. Resection surgery is followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy in treatment of gliomas which is known as the conventional treatment. However, this treatment method results in low survival rate. Vaccination has been suggested as a type of immunotherapy to increase survival rate of glioma patients. Different types of vaccines have been developed that are mainly classified in two groups including peptide vaccines and cell-based vaccines. However, there are still conflicts about which type of vaccines is more efficient for malignant glioma treatment. Methods: Phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ clinical trials which compared the efficacy and safety of various vaccines with conventional treatments were searched in databases through November 2022. Overall survival (OS) rate, progression free survival (PFS), and OS duration were used for calculation of pooled risk ratio (RR). In addition, fatigue, headache, nausea, diarrhea, and flu-like syndrome were used for evaluating the safety of vaccines therapy in glioma patients. Results: A total of twelve articles were included in the present meta-analysis. Comparison of OS rate between vaccinated groups and control groups who underwent only conventional treatments showed a significant increase in OS rate in vaccinated patients (I Conclusion: Vaccination is a type of immunotherapy which shows promising efficacy in treatment of malignant glioma patients in terms of OS, PFS and duration of survival. In addition, AFTV, peptide, and dendritic cell-based vaccines are among the most efficient vaccines for gliomas. Personalized vaccines also showed considerable efficacy for glioma treatments.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2390302-8
ISSN	1970-5565 ; 1970-5565 ; 1970-5557
ISSN (online)	1970-5565
ISSN	1970-5565 ; 1970-5557
DOI	10.3389/or.2024.1374513
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Article: Advances in artificial intelligence, robotics, augmented and virtual reality in neurosurgery.

Kazemzadeh, Kimia / Akhlaghdoust, Meisam / Zali, Alireza

Frontiers in surgery

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1241923

Abstract: Neurosurgical practitioners undergo extensive and prolonged training to acquire diverse technical proficiencies, while neurosurgical procedures necessitate a substantial amount of pre-, post-, and intraoperative clinical data acquisition, making ... ...

Abstract	Neurosurgical practitioners undergo extensive and prolonged training to acquire diverse technical proficiencies, while neurosurgical procedures necessitate a substantial amount of pre-, post-, and intraoperative clinical data acquisition, making decisions, attention, and convalescence. The past decade witnessed an appreciable escalation in the significance of artificial intelligence (AI) in neurosurgery. AI holds significant potential in neurosurgery as it supplements the abilities of neurosurgeons to offer optimal interventional and non-interventional care to patients by improving prognostic and diagnostic outcomes in clinical therapy and assisting neurosurgeons in making decisions while surgical interventions to enhance patient outcomes. Other technologies including augmented reality, robotics, and virtual reality can assist and promote neurosurgical methods as well. Moreover, they play a significant role in generating, processing, as well as storing experimental and clinical data. Also, the usage of these technologies in neurosurgery is able to curtail the number of costs linked with surgical care and extend high-quality health care to a wider populace. This narrative review aims to integrate the results of articles that elucidate the role of the aforementioned technologies in neurosurgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2773823-1
ISSN	2296-875X
ISSN	2296-875X
DOI	10.3389/fsurg.2023.1241923
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Article ; Online: Loss of free will in the Iranian criminal justice system: Interdisciplinary analysis of law and neuroscience.

Petoft, Arian / Abbasi, Mahmoud / Zali, Alireza

Social neuroscience

2023 Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 292–296

Abstract: Today, with the development of neuroscience and the discovery of new secrets of the brain, the social sciences, including law, have made significant progress with the help of new findings in this science. One of the significant applications of ... ...

Abstract	Today, with the development of neuroscience and the discovery of new secrets of the brain, the social sciences, including law, have made significant progress with the help of new findings in this science. One of the significant applications of neuroscience in modern criminal law is the explanation of the neurological dimensions of human free will, which in addition to creating a profound and scientific approach to the definition of this important element of criminal responsibility, can help ascertain the loss of free will causes. To this end, the present study is an attempt to answer this question in the context of the Iranian criminal justice system: What are the core causes of the loss of free will from the perspective of neurolaw? The paper strives to take an appropriate step toward the development of criminal justice. In this study, we found that mental disorders, coercion, drunkenness, somnambulism, and error are the core causes that can be assessed in particular ways using EEG and fMRI techniques, however, each with limitations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Criminal Law ; Iran ; Personal Autonomy ; Mental Disorders ; Criminals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2234411-1
ISSN	1747-0927 ; 1747-0919
ISSN (online)	1747-0927
ISSN	1747-0919
DOI	10.1080/17470919.2023.2244727
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Article ; Online: Exploring neuroadaptive cellular pathways in chronic morphine exposure: An in-vitro analysis of cabergoline and Mdivi-1 co-treatment effects on the autophagy-apoptosis axis.

Makvand, Mina / Mirtorabi, Seyed Davood / Campbell, Arezoo / Zali, Alireza / Ahangari, Ghasem

Journal of cellular biochemistry

2024

Abstract: The complex impacts of prolonged morphine exposure continue to be a significant focus in the expanding area of addiction studies. This research investigates the effectiveness of a combined treatment using Cabergoline and Mdivi-1 to counteract the ... ...

Abstract	The complex impacts of prolonged morphine exposure continue to be a significant focus in the expanding area of addiction studies. This research investigates the effectiveness of a combined treatment using Cabergoline and Mdivi-1 to counteract the neuroadaptive changes caused by in vitro morphine treatment. The impact of Methadone, Cabergoline, and a combination of Cabergoline and Mdivi-1 on the cellular and molecular responses associated with Morphine-induced changes was studied in human Neuroblastoma (SK-N-MC) and Glioblastoma (U87-MG) cell lines that were exposed to prolong Morphine treatment. Cabergoline and Mdivi-1 combined treatment effectively influenced the molecular alterations associated with neuroadaptation in chronic morphine-exposed neural cells. This combination therapy normalized autophagy and reduced oxidative stress by enhancing total-antioxidant capacity, mitigating apoptosis, restoring BDNF expression, and balancing apoptotic elements. Our research outlines morphine's dual role in modulating mitochondrial dynamics via the dysregulation of the autophagy-apoptosis axis. This emphasizes the significant involvement of DRP1 activity in neurological adaptation processes, as well as disturbances in the dopaminergic pathway during in vitro chronic exposure to morphine in neural cells. This study proposes a novel approach by recommending the potential effectiveness of combining Cabergoline and Mdivi-1 to modulate the neuroadaptations caused by morphine. Additionally, we identified BDNF and PCNA in neural cells as potential neuroprotective markers for assessing the effectiveness of drugs against opioid toxicity, emphasizing the need for further validation. The study uncovers diverse effects observed in pretreated morphine glioblastoma cells under treatment with Cabergoline and methadone. This highlights the potential for new treatments in the DRD2 pathway and underscores the importance of investigating the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis to advance research in managing cancer-related pain. The study necessitates an in-depth investigation into the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis, with a specific emphasis on protein interactions and the dynamics of cell signaling.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392402-6
ISSN	1097-4644 ; 0730-2312
ISSN (online)	1097-4644
ISSN	0730-2312
DOI	10.1002/jcb.30558
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Article: Surgical tool entrapment in a young patient with recurrent lumbar spinal stenosis: a case report.

Zali, Alireza / Herfedoust Biazar, Bijan / Saleki, Kiarash / Akhlaghdoust, Meisam

Clinical case reports

2023 Volume 11, Issue 11, Page(s) e8220

Abstract: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a prevalent cause of leg and back pain. In the youth, LSS is not common and mainly results from hereditary musculoskeletal disorders. Moreover, spinal fusion is a surgical approach to the treatment of LSS. Entrapment of ... ...

Abstract	Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a prevalent cause of leg and back pain. In the youth, LSS is not common and mainly results from hereditary musculoskeletal disorders. Moreover, spinal fusion is a surgical approach to the treatment of LSS. Entrapment of surgical tools due to breakage is a rare yet important phenomenon in such operations. Therefore, neurological sequelae of these events need to be explored. The case was a 24-year-old male complaining of local back pain. Initially, he was diagnosed with LSS at L4 and L5. After the fusion of the vertebrae by the posterior spinal fusion (PSF) method, the patient's pain was resolved. However, the subject complained of worsening local back pain limiting his ability to do routine tasks. A few years later, radiographical evaluations indicated the possible presence of a surgical tool that could not be removed via surgery. During a third operation, the object was removed, and the patient's symptoms recovered. Immediate removal of entrapped surgical objects is necessary due to risks associated with migration and central nervous system damage. Comparing our results to other similar reports, we conclude that in cases of foreign object entrapment, neurological sequelae may be nonexistent or progressively worsen. Also, sequelae emerge either soon after the operation or emerge later. This complicates the diagnosis of such events and the decision of whether to subject the patient to additional neurosurgical operations to remove the tool. These variations may be observed due to the moving of the entrapped tool. Follow-up of neurological sequelae in spinal surgery patients is recommended.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2740234-4
ISSN	2050-0904
ISSN	2050-0904
DOI	10.1002/ccr3.8220
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Article: Toward children's cognitive development from the perspective of neurolaw: implications of

Petoft, Arian / Abbasi, Mahmoud / Zali, Alireza

Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law

2022 Volume 30, Issue 2, Page(s) 144–160

Abstract: After reaching the age of criminal responsibility, children are deemed capable of having committed criminal offenses. In this regard, the level of criminal responsibility depends on cognitive development and the type of offense committed. Cognitive ... ...

Abstract	After reaching the age of criminal responsibility, children are deemed capable of having committed criminal offenses. In this regard, the level of criminal responsibility depends on cognitive development and the type of offense committed. Cognitive development is a process of the growth of perception, thinking and reasoning in children. This concept is frequently referred to in cognitive neuroscience literature. Recently, the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331268-6
ISSN	1934-1687 ; 1321-8719
ISSN (online)	1934-1687
ISSN	1321-8719
DOI	10.1080/13218719.2021.2003267
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Article ; Online: An Islamic Bioethics Framework to Justify the At-risk Adolescents' Regulations on Access to Key Reproductive Health Services.

Akrami, Forouzan / Zali, Alireza / Abbasi, Mahmoud

Asian bioethics review

2022 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 225–235

Abstract: Adolescent sexuality is one of the most important reproductive health issues that confronts healthcare professionals with moral dilemmas and legal issues. In this study, we aim to justify the at-risk adolescents' regulations on access to key reproductive ...

Abstract	Adolescent sexuality is one of the most important reproductive health issues that confronts healthcare professionals with moral dilemmas and legal issues. In this study, we aim to justify the at-risk adolescents' regulations on access to key reproductive health services (KRHSs) based on principles of Islamic biomedical ethics and jurisprudence. Despite the illegitimacy and prohibition of sexuality for both girls and boys in Islamic communities, in this study, using 5 principles or universal rules of purpose; certainty, no-harm; necessity; and custom, we argue that first, applying these principles in the context of the no-harm principle can provide the best interests of at-risk adolescents; second, it is permissible to provide KRHSs to these adolescents with their own assent, as long as necessary, only with the intention of preventing or reducing harm. In this framework, while preventing harm, it tries to provide the best interests of at-risk adolescent. Thus, the principle of no-harm requires that the government, by designating the responsibility to healthcare professionals, protects at-risk adolescents from harm, and obliges these professionals to choose and implement the option that best suits adolescents' interests.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2602378-7
ISSN	1793-9453 ; 1793-8759
ISSN (online)	1793-9453
ISSN	1793-8759
DOI	10.1007/s41649-021-00200-3
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Article ; Online: Five consecutive epidemiological waves of COVID-19: a population-based cross-sectional study on characteristics, policies, and health outcome.

Amin, Rozhin / Sohrabi, Mohammad-Reza / Zali, Ali-Reza / Hannani, Khatereh

BMC infectious diseases

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 906

Abstract: Background: This study was conducted with the intension of providing a more detailed view about the dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic. To this aim, characteristics, implemented public health measures, and health outcome of COVID-19 patients during five ... ...

Abstract	Background: This study was conducted with the intension of providing a more detailed view about the dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic. To this aim, characteristics, implemented public health measures, and health outcome of COVID-19 patients during five consecutive waves of the disease were assessed. Methods: This study was a population-based cross-sectional analysis of data on adult patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 during five waves of the disease in Iran. Chi-squared test, One-way ANOVA, and Logistic Regression analysis were applied. A detailed literature review on implemented public health policies was performed by studying published documents and official websites responsible for conveying information about COVID-19. Results: Data on 328,410 adult patients was analyzed. Main findings indicated that the probability of dying with COVID-19 has increased as the pandemic wore on, showing its highest odd during the third wave (odds ratio: 1.34, CI: 1.283-1.395) and has gradually decreased during the next two waves. The same pattern was observed in the proportion of patients requiring ICU admission (P < 0.001). First wave presented mainly with respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal complaints were added during the second wave, neurological manifestations with peripheral involvement replaced the gastrointestinal complaints during the third wave, and central nervous system manifestations were added during the fourth and fifth waves. A significant difference in mean age of patients was revealed between the five waves (P < 0.001). Moreover, results showed a significant difference between men and women infected with COVID-19, with men having higher rates of the disease at the beginning. However, as the pandemic progressed the proportion of women gradually increased, and ultimately more women were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the fifth wave. Our observations pointed to the probability that complete lockdowns were the key measures that helped to mitigate the virus spread during the first twenty months of the pandemic in the country. Conclusion: A changing pattern in demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and severity of the disease has been revealed as the pandemic unfolded. Reviewing COVID-19-related public health interventions highlighted the importance of immunization and early implementation of restrictive measures as effective strategies for reducing the acute burden of the disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-022-07909-y
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