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  1. Book ; Article ; Online: Measuring labor market discrimination against LGTBQ+ in the case of Ecuador

    Zanoni, Wladimir / Hernández, Hugo / Zambrano, Omar / Quiroz, Gabriel

    A field experiment

    2023  

    Abstract: This paper presents the findings of an artifactual field experiment conducted in urban Ecuador to investigate discrimination against LGBTQ+ (here restricted to individuals self-identified as gay or lesbian) job seekers in the labor market. Focusing on ... ...

    Abstract This paper presents the findings of an artifactual field experiment conducted in urban Ecuador to investigate discrimination against LGBTQ+ (here restricted to individuals self-identified as gay or lesbian) job seekers in the labor market. Focusing on occupations and sectors where LGBTQ + and non-LGBTQ + individuals commonly apply, the study employed fictitious job applications evaluated by 394 human resource analysts. The results indicate that, on average, LGBTQ+ candidates did not face discrimination in terms of hiring recommendations, job fit assessments, or wage offers. However, a closer analysis reveals a gender-based differential treatment. Female LGBTQ+ candidates received positive discrimination, were more likely to be selected and offered higher wages compared to their heterosexual counterparts. In contrast, male LGBTQ+ candidates experienced negative discrimination and no wage differences with a lower likelihood of selection. The study found an influential role of female recruiters in driving these discriminatory behaviors. These findings contribute to our understanding of the complex dynamics of discrimination towards LGBTQ+ workers in the labor market and its interaction with gender.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; J15 ; J16 ; C9 ; Discrimination ; LGBTQ+ ; Employment ; Field experiments
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  2. Book ; Online: Brechas de infraestructura, crecimiento y desigualdad en los países andinos

    Zambrano, Omar / Aguilera-Lizarazu, Gabriela

    (IDB working paper series ; 291)

    2011  

    Author's details Omar Zambrano; Gabriela Aguilera-Lizarazu
    Series title IDB working paper series ; 291
    Language Spanish
    Size Online-Ressource ([37] S.), graph. Darst.
    Publisher Inter-American Development Bank, Dep. of Research and Chief Economist
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note IMD-Felder maschinell generiert
    Database ECONomics Information System

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  3. Book ; Online: Global boom, local impacts

    Zambrano, Omar / Laos, Denisse / Robles, Marcos

    mining revenues and subnational outcomes in Peru 2007 - 2011

    (IDB working paper series ; 509)

    2014  

    Abstract: The relationship between the abundance of natural resources and socio-economic performance has been a main object of study in the economic development field since Adam Smith. Dominated by the verification of the so called curse of natural resource, the ... ...

    Author's details Omar Zambrano; Marcos Robles; Denisse Laos
    Series title IDB working paper series ; 509
    Abstract The relationship between the abundance of natural resources and socio-economic performance has been a main object of study in the economic development field since Adam Smith. Dominated by the verification of the so called curse of natural resource, the mainstream literature on the topic has been mostly on the study of cross sectional data at the national level, with limited empirical use of exogenous differences in the abundance of natural resources at the subnational level. We explore the case of Peru, a mining-rich middle income country where -exploiting a unique data set constructed for this purpose- we are able to assess systematic differences in district-level welfare outcomes between mining and non-mining districts. We find evidence that the condition of being mining-abundant district have a significant impact on the pace of reduction of poverty rates and inequality levels. We also estimate a heterogeneous response to the mining-abundant condition, finding stronger responses in lower-poverty, higher-inequality districts. Finally, we find a trend suggesting incremental positive marginal effects of the level of exposure to mining transfer, as proxy for the degree of abundance of mining activities, on the reduction of poverty and inequality.
    Keywords Natural resource curse ; Resource booms ; Mining transfers ; Poverty ; Inequality ; Treatment effect models
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (26 S.), graph. Darst.
    Publisher Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database ECONomics Information System

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  4. Book ; Online: Elementos de sostenibilidad fiscal en países ricos en hidrocarburos

    Zambrano, Omar / Aguilera-Lizarazu, Gabriela

    el caso de Bolivia

    (IDB working paper series ; 286)

    2010  

    Author's details Omar Zambrano; Gabriela Aguilera-Lizarazu
    Series title IDB working paper series ; 286
    Language Spanish
    Size Online-Ressource (47 S.), graph. Darst.
    Publisher Inter-American Development Bank, Dep. of Research and Chief Economist
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database ECONomics Information System

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  5. Book ; Article ; Online: Global boom, local impacts

    Zambrano, Omar / Robles, Marcos / Laos, Denisse

    Mining revenues and subnational outcomes in Peru 2007-2011

    2014  

    Abstract: The relationship between the abundance of natural resources and socio-economic performance has been a main object of study in the economic development field since Adam Smith. Dominated by the verification of the so called curse of natural resource, the ... ...

    Abstract The relationship between the abundance of natural resources and socio-economic performance has been a main object of study in the economic development field since Adam Smith. Dominated by the verification of the so called curse of natural resource, the mainstream literature on the topic has been mostly on the study of cross sectional data at the national level, with limited empirical use of exogenous differences in the abundance of natural resources at the subnational level. We explore the case of Peru, a mining-rich middle income country where -exploiting a unique data set constructed for this purpose- we are able to assess systematic differences in district-level welfare outcomes between mining and non-mining districts. We find evidence that the condition of being mining-abundant district have a significant impact on the pace of reduction of poverty rates and inequality levels. We also estimate a heterogeneous response to the mining-abundant condition, finding stronger responses in lower-poverty, higher-inequality districts. Finally, we find a trend suggesting incremental positive marginal effects of the level of exposure to mining transfer, as proxy for the degree of abundance of mining activities, on the reduction of poverty and inequality.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; C21 ; D63 ; H76 ; I32 ; O13 ; Q33 ; Natural resource curse ; Resource booms ; Mining transfers ; Poverty ; Inequality ; Treatment effect models
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publisher Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  6. Article ; Online: Immunomodulation of T Helper Cells by Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Cancer Is Associated With CCR8 Expression and Rapid Membrane Vitamin D Signaling Pathway.

    Fraga, Marco / Yáñez, Milly / Sherman, Macarena / Llerena, Faryd / Hernandez, Mauricio / Nourdin, Guillermo / Álvarez, Francisco / Urrizola, Joaquín / Rivera, César / Lamperti, Liliana / Nova, Lorena / Castro, Silvia / Zambrano, Omar / Cifuentes, Alejandro / Campos, León / Moya, Sergio / Pastor, Juan / Nuñez, Marcelo / Gatica, Jorge /
    Figueroa, Jorge / Zúñiga, Felipe / Salomón, Carlos / Cerda, Gustavo / Puentes, Ricardo / Labarca, Gonzalo / Vidal, Mabel / McGregor, Reuben / Nova-Lamperti, Estefania

    Frontiers in immunology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 643298

    Abstract: The immune system plays a key role in the protective response against oral cancer; however, the tumor microenvironment (TME) impairs this anti-cancer response by modulating T helper (Th) responses and promoting an anti-inflammatory environment. ... ...

    Abstract The immune system plays a key role in the protective response against oral cancer; however, the tumor microenvironment (TME) impairs this anti-cancer response by modulating T helper (Th) responses and promoting an anti-inflammatory environment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Th2 effector cells (Teff) are associated with poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the main immunomodulatory mechanisms associated with the enrichment of these subsets in OSCC remain unknown. We characterized Th-like lineages in Tregs and Teff and evaluated immunomodulatory changes induced by the TME in OSCC. Our phenotypic data revealed a higher distribution of tumour-infiltrating CCR8
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology ; Humans ; Immunomodulation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms/immunology ; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplasm Proteins/immunology ; Receptors, CCR8/immunology ; Signal Transduction/immunology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/immunology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology ; Th2 Cells/immunology ; Th2 Cells/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology ; Vitamin D/immunology
    Chemical Substances CCR8 protein, human ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Receptors, CCR8 ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.643298
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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