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  1. Article: A sampling strategy for assessing habitat coverage at a broad spatial scale

    Fattorini, Lorenzo / Cervellini, Marco / Franceschi, Sara / Di Musciano, Michele / Zannini, Piero / Chiarucci, Alessandro

    Ecological indicators. 2022 Aug. 21,

    2022  

    Abstract: The quantitative assessment of habitat conservation status is a major task for European Union member states in compliance with Council Directive 92/43. One goal of the European 2030 Biodiversity Strategy is the effective management of habitats that show ... ...

    Abstract The quantitative assessment of habitat conservation status is a major task for European Union member states in compliance with Council Directive 92/43. One goal of the European 2030 Biodiversity Strategy is the effective management of habitats that show declining trends. While various approaches have been adopted for national assessments, there is no consensus on how to achieve common statistically sound estimates of the criteria indicated by the EU Directive for the evaluation of the status and trend of habitat types. Here, we present an adaptive monitoring approach based on a two-phase sampling scheme to estimate the coverage of EU terrestrial habitat types, which is one of the four criteria indicated by the Habitats Directive. We used 9 habitats distributed among different EU member states choosing Italy as a case study. The development of the methodological approach is described, and a simulation study was performed to check the precision of the coverage estimators accounting for the lack of sampled data (nonresponse treatment), subregions and sustainable sampling effort. We found that our two-phase sampling approach has the potential to increase precision in estimating the coverage of habitat types (approximated at 1 ha cell size) with respect to the precision achieved by simple random sampling without replacement, which is the simplest sampling approach. Adopting a small sampling fraction (⩽0.04%) of the survey area, the relative standard errors ranged from 7 to 15% for common habitats whose presence is strongly correlated with the habitat suitability scores furnished by an expert team. In the challenging context of a ’mandated’ monitoring type, our approach provides sound statistical estimates of habitat coverage with the possibility of applying a standardised and transferable sampling scheme that is easily repeatable over time.
    Keywords European Union ; biodiversity ; case studies ; compliance ; conservation status ; habitat conservation ; habitats ; surveys ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0821
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 2036774-0
    ISSN 1872-7034 ; 1470-160X
    ISSN (online) 1872-7034
    ISSN 1470-160X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109352
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Metabolomic Study of

    Mandrone, Manuela / Marincich, Lorenzo / Chiocchio, Ilaria / Zannini, Piero / Guarino, Riccardo / Poli, Ferruccio

    Metabolites

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 6

    Abstract: The Aeolian Islands (Italy) are a volcanic archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea comprising seven main islands, among which are two active volcanoes. The peculiar geological features and the wide variety of environments and soils have an important impact on ... ...

    Abstract The Aeolian Islands (Italy) are a volcanic archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea comprising seven main islands, among which are two active volcanoes. The peculiar geological features and the wide variety of environments and soils have an important impact on native plants, and in particular, the Aeolian populations of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662251-8
    ISSN 2218-1989
    ISSN 2218-1989
    DOI 10.3390/metabo12060533
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Sacred natural sites and biodiversity conservation: a systematic review

    Zannini, Piero / Frascaroli, Fabrizio / Nascimbene, Juri / Persico, Angela / Halley, John Maxwell / Stara, Kalliopi / Midolo, Gabriele / Chiarucci, Alessandro

    Biodiversity and conservation. 2021 Nov., v. 30, no. 13

    2021  

    Abstract: Sacred natural sites (SNS) have gained recognition from conservationists, and are regarded as the oldest form of habitat protection in human history. Many case studies and literature reviews have been published on the subject. However, an updated and ... ...

    Abstract Sacred natural sites (SNS) have gained recognition from conservationists, and are regarded as the oldest form of habitat protection in human history. Many case studies and literature reviews have been published on the subject. However, an updated and global-level synthesis on the effect of SNS on biodiversity conservation is still lacking. Here, we provide the first systematic review on SNS and biodiversity conservation, aiming to evaluate the effect of SNS across different: (i) continents; (ii) taxa; (iii) metrics. We checked 2750 papers and by applying inclusion criteria we selected 27 relevant papers. From these, we extracted descriptive data and 131 comparisons between SNS and Reference Sites. We applied vote-counting, multinomial and binomial post-hoc tests to the 131 comparisons. We found strong evidence that SNS have a positive effect on biodiversity, but also strong geographical and taxonomical biases, with most research focusing on Asia and Africa and on plants. We found that SNS have mainly positive effects on taxonomical diversity, vegetation structure and cultural uses of biodiversity. Our results strongly support the view that SNS have positive effects on biodiversity across continents and geographical settings, as found in a number of local studies and earlier overviews. These effects should be given official recognition in appropriate conservation frameworks, together with the specific forms of governance and management that characterize SNS. At the same time, further efforts are also required to fill the geographical and taxonomical gaps here highlighted, and to advancing our knowledge of SNS through more systematic research.
    Keywords biodiversity ; biodiversity conservation ; governance ; habitat conservation ; humans ; systematic review ; vegetation structure ; Africa ; Asia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Size p. 3747-3762.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    Note Review
    ZDB-ID 2000787-5
    ISSN 1572-9710 ; 0960-3115
    ISSN (online) 1572-9710
    ISSN 0960-3115
    DOI 10.1007/s10531-021-02296-3
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Probabilistic and preferential sampling approaches offer integrated perspectives of Italian forest diversity

    Alessi, Nicola / Bonari, Gianmaria / Zannini, Piero / Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja / Agrillo, Emiliano / Attorre, Fabio / Canullo, Roberto / Casella, Laura / Cervellini, Marco / Chelli, Stefano / Di Musciano, Michele / Guarino, Riccardo / Martellos, Stefano / Massimi, Marco / Venanzoni, Roberto / Zerbe, Stefan / Chiarucci, Alessandro

    Journal of Vegetation Science. 2023 Jan., v. 34, no. 1 p.e13175-

    2023  

    Abstract: AIM: Assessing the performances of different sampling approaches for documenting community diversity may help to identify optimal sampling efforts and strategies, and to enhance conservation and monitoring planning. Here, we used two data sets based on ... ...

    Abstract AIM: Assessing the performances of different sampling approaches for documenting community diversity may help to identify optimal sampling efforts and strategies, and to enhance conservation and monitoring planning. Here, we used two data sets based on probabilistic and preferential sampling schemes of Italian forest vegetation to analyze the multifaceted performances of the two approaches across three major forest types at a large scale. LOCATION: Italy. METHODS: We pooled 804 probabilistic and 16,259 preferential forest plots as samples of vascular plant diversity across the country. We balanced the two data sets in terms of sizes, plot size, geographical position, and vegetation types. For each of the two data sets, 1000 subsets of 201 random plots were compared by calculating the shared and exclusive indicator species, their overlap in the multivariate space, and the areas encompassed by spatially‐constrained rarefaction curves. We then calculated an index of performance using the ratio between the additional and total information collected by each sampling approach. The performances were tested and evaluated across the three major forest types. RESULTS: The probabilistic approach performed better in estimating species richness and diversity of species assemblages, but did not detect other components of the regional diversity, such as azonal forests. The preferential approach outperformed the probabilistic approach in detecting forest‐specialist species and plant diversity hotspots. CONCLUSIONS: Using a novel workflow based on vegetation‐plot exclusivities and commonalities, our study suggests probabilistic and preferential sampling approaches are to be used in combination for better conservation and monitor planning purposes to detect multiple aspects of plant community diversity. Our findings can assist the implementation of national conservation planning and large‐scale monitoring of biodiversity.
    Keywords forests ; indicator species ; plant communities ; probability analysis ; species richness ; vascular plants ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-01
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1053769-7
    ISSN 1100-9233
    ISSN 1100-9233
    DOI 10.1111/jvs.13175
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: A multitaxonomic assessment of Natura 2000 effectiveness across European biogeographic regions.

    Ricci, Lorenzo / Di Musciano, Michele / Sabatini, Francesco Maria / Chiarucci, Alessandro / Zannini, Piero / Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla / Beierkuhnlein, Carl / Walentowitz, Anna / Lawrence, Alexandra / Frattaroli, Anna Rita / Hoffmann, Samuel

    Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology

    2023  , Page(s) e14212

    Abstract: The Natura 2000 (N2K) protected area (PA) network is a crucial tool to limit biodiversity loss in Europe. Despite covering 18% of the European Union's (EU) land area, its effectiveness at conserving biodiversity across taxa and biogeographic regions ... ...

    Abstract The Natura 2000 (N2K) protected area (PA) network is a crucial tool to limit biodiversity loss in Europe. Despite covering 18% of the European Union's (EU) land area, its effectiveness at conserving biodiversity across taxa and biogeographic regions remains uncertain. Testing this effectiveness is, however, difficult because it requires considering the nonrandom location of PAs, and many possible confounding factors. We used propensity score matching and accounted for the confounding effects of biogeographic regions, terrain ruggedness, and land cover to assess the effectiveness of N2K PAs on the distribution of 1769 species of conservation priority in the EU's Birds and Habitats Directives, including mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, arthropods, fishes, mollusks, and vascular and nonvascular plants. We compared alpha, beta, and gamma diversity between matched selections of protected and unprotected areas across EU's biogeographic regions with generalized linear models, generalized mixed models, and nonparametric tests for paired samples, respectively, for each taxonomic group and for the entire set of species. PAs in N2K hosted significantly more priority species than unprotected land, but this difference was not consistent across biogeographic regions or taxa. Total alpha diversity and alpha diversity of amphibians, arthropods, birds, mammals, and vascular plants were significantly higher inside PAs than outside, except in the Boreal biogeographical region. Beta diversity was in general significantly higher inside N2K PAs than outside. Similarly, gamma diversity had the highest values inside PAs, with some exceptions in Boreal and Atlantic regions. The planned expansion of the N2K network, as dictated by the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, should therefore target areas in the southern part of the Boreal region where species diversity of amphibians, arthropods, birds, mammals, and vascular plants is high and species are currently underrepresented in N2K.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 58735-7
    ISSN 1523-1739 ; 0888-8892
    ISSN (online) 1523-1739
    ISSN 0888-8892
    DOI 10.1111/cobi.14212
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Species–area relationship and small‐island effect of vascular plant diversity in a young volcanic archipelago

    Chiarucci, Alessandro / Guarino, Riccardo / Pasta, Salvatore / Rosa, Alfonso La / Cascio, Pietro Lo / Médail, Frédéric / Pavon, Daniel / Fernández‐Palacios, José María / Zannini, Piero

    Journal of biogeography. 2021 Nov., v. 48, no. 11

    2021  

    Abstract: AIMS: Aeolian islands form an active volcanic archipelago. By using updated vascular plant checklists for islands and islets, we tested four hypotheses: (i) Island species–area relationship (ISAR) of alien species has lower c‐ and higher z‐values than ... ...

    Abstract AIMS: Aeolian islands form an active volcanic archipelago. By using updated vascular plant checklists for islands and islets, we tested four hypotheses: (i) Island species–area relationship (ISAR) of alien species has lower c‐ and higher z‐values than native species, (ii) islands with active volcanoes have lower species richness than expected for native and alien species, (iii) ISAR of native species shows lower c‐ and higher z‐values than ISARs of Mediterranean land bridge archipelagos and (iv) species richness of smaller islets is independent of area. LOCATION: Aeolian Archipelago, Mediterranean Basin. TAXON: Vascular plants, identified and named according to the Flora of Italy (Pignatti et al., 2017–2019). METHODS: Checklists of native and alien plant species were obtained for eight islands and 24 islets. ISARs were fitted by the Arrhenius power function (S=c·Az) and used to test the first two hypotheses. The third hypothesis was tested by comparing ISAR of Aeolian Archipelago to those from other central and eastern Mediterranean archipelagos. The fourth hypothesis was tested by fitting models defining the presence and limit of the small‐island effect. RESULTS: The checklists included 894 species—749 native and 145 alien. ISARs fitted well for native and alien species and resulted in typical values of c and z parameters. The first and second hypotheses were supported by model fitting. The third hypothesis was not confirmed by the comparison of the ISAR of the Aeolian Archipelago with other archipelagos. The small‐island effect predicted by the fourth hypothesis was supported using S versus LogA for both native and alien species, while for native species it was supported also using the log transformation of the Arrhenius model. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: We reported a first comprehensive analysis of plant species richness in the unique Aeolian Archipelago, verifying typical ISARs, no peculiarity with respect to land bridge archipelagos and a somewhat unclear signal for the small‐island effect.
    Keywords biogeography ; flora ; indigenous species ; introduced plants ; models ; species richness ; vascular plants ; Italy ; Mediterranean region
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Size p. 2919-2931.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 188963-1
    ISSN 0305-0270
    ISSN 0305-0270
    DOI 10.1111/jbi.14253
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: AMS-VegBank: a new database of vegetation plots for the Italian territory

    Alessi, Nicola / Bruzzaniti, Vanessa / Buldrini, Fabrizio / Centomo, Emma / Cervellini, Marco / Enea, Mirko / Landi, Sara / Lelli, Chiara / Montanari, Irene / Nascimbene, Juri / Pezzi, Giovanna / Virzí, Gianmarco / Zannini, Piero / Chiarucci, Alessandro

    Vegetation Classification and Survey. 2022 Aug. 23, v. 3 p.177-185

    2022  

    Abstract: AbstractThe importance of collection, storage and exchange of georeferenced vegetation plot-based data has significantly grown in the recent decades, because of the new potentialities offered by ecoinformatics. In this article we introduce the Alma ... ...

    Abstract AbstractThe importance of collection, storage and exchange of georeferenced vegetation plot-based data has significantly grown in the recent decades, because of the new potentialities offered by ecoinformatics. In this article we introduce the Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna vegetation database (AMS-VegBank; GIVD code EU-IT-021) compiling 17,505 georeferenced vegetation-plot observations within a time span of 90 years. This database includes 337,799 occurrence data of vascular plant species, belonging to many different habitat types. The historical relevance of the presented database is highlighted by the presence of some of the most ancient vegetation-plot observations in Europe (years 1930–1938). The geographic coverage of the database is mostly for Italian territory but it includes also data from other countries. The thematic focuses represented in the database are various, such as small Mediterranean islands, the Dolomite Mountains and the Italian National Parks. The large amount of historical plots available for the country not previously included in existing databases, combined with the constant action to improve the georeferencing of existing data and the addition of new data, highlight the uniqueness of this database. AMS-VegBank represents thus an important tool for studying plant biodiversity within the context of continental and global vegetation plot databases. Taxonomic reference: All plant names reported in this article follow the nomenclature by Pignatti et al. (2017–2019). Abbreviations: EVA = European Vegetation Archive; GIVD = Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases.
    Keywords biodiversity ; classification ; databases ; dolomite ; georeferencing ; habitats ; surveys ; vascular plants ; vegetation ; Europe ; European Vegetation Archive ; floristic record ; Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases ; historical plot ; Italy ; relevé ; TURBOVEG ; vegetation plot ; vegetation survey
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0823
    Size p. 177-185.
    Publishing place Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2683-0671
    DOI 10.3897/VCS.85083
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Water-energy relationships shape phylogenetic diversity of terricolous lichen communities in Mediterranean mountains: Implications for conservation in a climate change scenario

    Vallese, Chiara / Di Musciano, Michele / Muggia, Lucia / Giordani, Paolo / Francesconi, Luana / Benesperi, Renato / Chiarucci, Alessandro / Di Cecco, Valter / Di Martino, Luciano / Di Nuzzo, Luca / Gheza, Gabriele / Zannini, Piero / Nascimbene, Juri

    Fungal ecology. 2022 July 27,

    2022  

    Abstract: Lichens are symbiotic organisms sensitive to climate change and susceptible to a severe decline in diversity, especially in high elevation environments that are already threatened. In this study, we focused on water-energy relationships derived from ... ...

    Abstract Lichens are symbiotic organisms sensitive to climate change and susceptible to a severe decline in diversity, especially in high elevation environments that are already threatened. In this study, we focused on water-energy relationships derived from climatic variables and phylogenetic diversity indices of terricolous lichen communities occurring on a representative Mediterranean mountain. We hypothesized that the variation of precipitation and temperature and their interaction along the altitudinal gradient will shape the phylogenetic diversity and structure of lichen communities. Our results reveal that dry and arid conditions lead to a strong loss in phylogenetic diversity with consequent impoverishment of high elevation lichen communities under a climate change scenario. The interaction between variables, reflecting water-energy relationships with phylogenetic and community diversity patterns, suggests that in a future climate change scenario, the novel climatic conditions may reduce the capability of the species to survive harsher conditions, and Mediterranean mountains may face a severe loss of genetic diversity in a climate change scenario.
    Keywords altitude ; climate change ; decline ; ecology ; fungi ; genetic variation ; lichens ; phylogeny ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0727
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ISSN 1754-5048
    DOI 10.1016/j.funeco.2022.101189
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Thymoma with intravascular extension into the right atrium.

    Melloni, Giulio / Bandiera, Alessandro / Castiglioni, Alessandro / Zannini, Piero

    European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery

    2014  Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) e126

    MeSH term(s) Heart Atria/pathology ; Heart Atria/surgery ; Heart Neoplasms/pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thrombectomy ; Thymoma/pathology ; Thymoma/surgery ; Thymus Neoplasms/pathology ; Thymus Neoplasms/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639293-3
    ISSN 1873-734X ; 1010-7940 ; 1567-4258
    ISSN (online) 1873-734X
    ISSN 1010-7940 ; 1567-4258
    DOI 10.1093/ejcts/ezt618
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  10. Article: Habitat type and island identity as drivers of community assembly in an archipelago

    Chiarucci, Alessandro / Buldrini, Fabrizio / Cervellini, Marco / Guarino, Riccardo / Caccianiga, Marco / Foggi, Bruno / Viciani, Daniele / Lazzaro, Lorenzo / Casella, Laura / Angelini, Pierangela / Cerabolini, Bruno Enrico Leone / Pasta, Salvatore / Enea, Mirko / Zannini, Piero

    Journal of vegetation science. 2021 Jan., v. 32, no. 1

    2021  

    Abstract: AIM: Ecoinformatics offer new opportunity to test islands as biogeographic and ecological models. In this paper we predicted three hypotheses: (1) plot‐based data issuing from vegetation surveys can be used to predict Island Species‐Area Relationships ( ... ...

    Abstract AIM: Ecoinformatics offer new opportunity to test islands as biogeographic and ecological models. In this paper we predicted three hypotheses: (1) plot‐based data issuing from vegetation surveys can be used to predict Island Species‐Area Relationships (ISARs) or island similarity; (2) the habitat area is an independent predictor of species richness patterns within island; (3) species richness and composition are more dependent on habitat type than island identity in land‐bridge islands. AREA: Tuscan Archipelago, Italy. METHODS: We assembled a database of all the vegetation plots available for the archipelago. For the first hypothesis we calculated ISARs, using Arrhenius model, and Beta Diversity, using Jaccard dissimilarity, on both published floras and cumulative plot data. For the second hypothesis, we modelled Habitat Species‐Area Relationships (HSARs), using Arrhenius model. For the third hypothesis, we used additive partitioning of species richness, NMDS and PERMANOVA. RESULTS: Island Species‐Area Relationships based on plot data mirrored those on published floras, but absolute values of c and z parameters were different. Beta diversity based on plot data resembled those of published floras, but was higher. Species richness was significantly related to the habitat area. The total species richness of the archipelago was linked to large scale drivers, such as island identity, while plot species composition was driven by both habitat type and island identity. CONCLUSIONS: Data assembled issuing from vegetation surveys are useful to describe biogeographic patterns. Species richness in the archipelago is driven by spatial factors such as the amount of habitats and the differences among islands, while the species composition of local assemblages is largely driven by habitat filters rather than by island identity, as expected in land‐bridge islands.
    Keywords databases ; geographical distribution ; habitats ; species richness ; vegetation ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-01
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1053769-7
    ISSN 1100-9233
    ISSN 1100-9233
    DOI 10.1111/jvs.12953
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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