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Article ; Online: PM10 promotes an inflammatory cytokine response that may impact SARS-CoV-2 replication

Marín-Palma, Damariz / Tabares-Guevara, Jorge H / Zapata-Cardona, María I / Zapata-Builes, Wildeman / Taborda, Natalia / Rugeles, Maria T / Hernandez, Juan C

Frontiers in immunology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1161135

Abstract: Introduction: In the last decades, a decrease in air quality has been observed, mainly associated with anthropogenic activities. Air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), have been associated with adverse effects on human health, such as ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: In the last decades, a decrease in air quality has been observed, mainly associated with anthropogenic activities. Air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), have been associated with adverse effects on human health, such as exacerbation of respiratory diseases and infections. High levels of PM in the air have recently been associated with increased morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in some regions of the world. Objective: To evaluate the effect of coarse particulate matter (PM10) on the inflammatory response and viral replication triggered by SARS-CoV-2 using Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors were treated with PM10 and subsequently exposed to SARS-CoV-2 (D614G strain, MOI 0.1). The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antiviral factors was quantified by qPCR and ELISA. In addition, using the A549 cell line, previously exposed to PM, the viral replication was evaluated by qPCR and plaque assay. Results: SARS-CoV-2 stimulation increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in PBMC, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, but not antiviral factors. Likewise, PM10 induced significant production of IL-6 in PBMCs stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 and decreased the expression of OAS and PKR. Additionally, PM10 induces the release of IL-1β in PBMC exposed to SARS-CoV-2 as well as in a co-culture of epithelial cells and PBMCs. Finally, increased viral replication of SARS-CoV-2 was shown in response to PM10. Conclusion: Exposure to coarse particulate matter increases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6, and may alter the expression of antiviral factors, which are relevant for the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. These results suggest that pre-exposure to air particulate matter could have a modest role in the higher production of cytokines and viral replication during COVID-19, which eventually could contribute to severe clinical outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cytokines/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; COVID-19 ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Interleukin-6 ; Particulate Matter ; Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161135
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants Decays After Six Months.

Lopera, Tulio J / Chvatal-Medina, Mateo / Flórez-Álvarez, Lizdany / Zapata-Cardona, Maria I / Taborda, Natalia A / Rugeles, Maria T / Hernandez, Juan C

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 879036

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have shown very high effectiveness in real-world scenarios. However, there is compelling evidence for a fast-paced waning of immunity. The increasing number of new variants that could alter the severity, transmissibility, and ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have shown very high effectiveness in real-world scenarios. However, there is compelling evidence for a fast-paced waning of immunity. The increasing number of new variants that could alter the severity, transmissibility, and potential to evade the immune response raised significant concern. Therefore, elucidating changes in the humoral immune response against viral variants induced by vaccines over time is crucial for improving immunization protocols. We carried out a 6-month longitudinal prospective study in which 60 individuals between 21 and 71 years of age who have received the complete scheme of the BNT162b2 vaccine were followed to determine titers of serum neutralizing activity. The neutralizing capacity was measured at one, three, and six-months post-vaccination by plaque reduction neutralization assay using SARS-CoV-2 B.1 (D614G) and the Gamma, Alpha, Delta, and Mu variants. Data were analyzed using GraphPad 5.0. Neutralizing activity against five different SARS-CoV-2 variants was detected in the serum samples of all vaccinated participants to a different extent after one month, with a progressive decrease according to age and gender. Overall, after one month of vaccination, the neutralizing titer was lower for all evaluated variants when compared to B.1, most remarkable against Delta and Mu, with a reduction of 83.1% and 92.3%, respectively. In addition, the Titer at 3- or 6-months follow-up decreased dramatically for all variants. Our results support the decaying of serum neutralizing activity, both over time and across SARS-CoV-2 variants, being more significant in older men. Since Delta and Mu appear to evade the neutralizing activity, these and further new variants of immune escape mutations should be considered for novel vaccine formulations.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2022.879036
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Article ; Online: In vitro and in silico evaluation of antiretrovirals against SARS-CoV-2: A drug repurposing approach.

Zapata-Cardona, Maria I / Florez-Alvarez, Lizdany / Guerra-Sandoval, Ariadna L / Chvatal-Medina, Mateo / Guerra-Almonacid, Carlos M / Hincapie-Garcia, Jaime / Hernandez, Juan C / Rugeles, Maria T / Zapata-Builes, Wildeman

AIMS microbiology

2023 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 20–40

Abstract: Background: Drug repurposing is a valuable strategy for rapidly developing drugs for treating COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral effect of six antiretrovirals against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in silico.: Methods: The cytotoxicity of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Drug repurposing is a valuable strategy for rapidly developing drugs for treating COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral effect of six antiretrovirals against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in silico. Methods: The cytotoxicity of lamivudine, emtricitabine, tenofovir, abacavir, efavirenz and raltegravir on Vero E6 was evaluated by MTT assay. The antiviral activity of each of these compounds was evaluated via a pre-post treatment strategy. The reduction in the viral titer was assessed by plaque assay. In addition, the affinities of the antiretroviral interaction with viral targets RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), ExoN-NSP10 (exoribonuclease and its cofactor, the non-structural protein 10) complex and 3CLpro (3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease) were evaluated by molecular docking. Results: Lamivudine exhibited antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 at 200 µM (58.3%) and 100 µM (66.7%), while emtricitabine showed anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity at 100 µM (59.6%), 50 µM (43.4%) and 25 µM (33.3%). Raltegravir inhibited SARS-CoV-2 at 25, 12.5 and 6.3 µM (43.3%, 39.9% and 38.2%, respectively). The interaction between the antiretrovirals and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, ExoN-NSP10 and 3CLpro yielded favorable binding energies (from -4.9 kcal/mol to -7.7 kcal/mol) using bioinformatics methods. Conclusion: Lamivudine, emtricitabine and raltegravir showed in vitro antiviral effects against the D614G strain of SARS-CoV-2. Raltegravir was the compound with the greatest in vitro antiviral potential at low concentrations, and it showed the highest binding affinities with crucial SARS-CoV-2 proteins during the viral replication cycle. However, further studies on the therapeutic utility of raltegravir in patients with COVID-19 are required.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2471-1888
ISSN (online)	2471-1888
DOI	10.3934/microbiol.2023002
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Article: Atorvastatin Effectively Inhibits Ancestral and Two Emerging Variants of SARS-CoV-2

Zapata-Cardona, María I / Flórez-Álvarez, Lizdany / Zapata-Builes, Wildeman / Guerra-Sandoval, Ariadna L / Guerra-Almonacid, Carlos M / Hincapié-García, Jaime / Rugeles, María T / Hernandez, Juan C

Frontiers in microbiology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 721103

Abstract: This article evaluated ... ...

Abstract	This article evaluated the
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.721103
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Article ; Online: Curcumin Inhibits In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vero E6 Cells through Multiple Antiviral Mechanisms.

Marín-Palma, Damariz / Tabares-Guevara, Jorge H / Zapata-Cardona, María I / Flórez-Álvarez, Lizdany / Yepes, Lina M / Rugeles, Maria T / Zapata-Builes, Wildeman / Hernandez, Juan C / Taborda, Natalia A

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 26, Issue 22

Abstract: Due to the scarcity of therapeutic approaches for COVID-19, we investigated the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin against SARS-CoV-2 using in vitro models. The cytotoxicity of curcumin was evaluated using MTT assay in Vero E6 cells. ... ...

Abstract	Due to the scarcity of therapeutic approaches for COVID-19, we investigated the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin against SARS-CoV-2 using in vitro models. The cytotoxicity of curcumin was evaluated using MTT assay in Vero E6 cells. The antiviral activity of this compound against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated using four treatment strategies (i. pre-post infection treatment, ii. co-treatment, iii. pre-infection, and iv. post-infection). The D614G strain and Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 were used, and the viral titer was quantified by plaque assay. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using qPCR and ELISA. By pre-post infection treatment, Curcumin (10 µg/mL) exhibited antiviral effect of 99% and 99.8% against DG614 strain and Delta variant, respectively. Curcumin also inhibited D614G strain by pre-infection and post-infection treatment. In addition, curcumin showed a virucidal effect against D614G strain and Delta variant. Finally, the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) released by PBMCs triggered by SARS-CoV-2 were decreased after treatment with curcumin. Our results suggest that curcumin affects the SARS-CoV-2 replicative cycle and exhibits virucidal effect with a variant/strain independent antiviral effect and immune-modulatory properties. This is the first study that showed a combined (antiviral/anti-inflammatory) effect of curcumin during SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, additional studies are required to define its use as a treatment for the COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Curcumin/pharmacology ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; Vero Cells ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Antiviral Agents ; Cytokines ; Curcumin (IT942ZTH98)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules26226900
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Article: The Hydroalcoholic Extract of

Yepes-Perez, Andres F / Herrera-Calderón, Oscar / Oliveros, Cristian A / Flórez-Álvarez, Lizdany / Zapata-Cardona, María I / Yepes, Lina / Aguilar-Jimenez, Wbeimar / Rugeles, María T / Zapata, Wildeman

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2021 Volume 2021, Page(s) 6679761

Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious problem for public health since it was identified in the province of Wuhan (China) and spread around the world producing high mortality rates and economic losses. Nowadays, the WHO recognizes ... ...

Abstract	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious problem for public health since it was identified in the province of Wuhan (China) and spread around the world producing high mortality rates and economic losses. Nowadays, the WHO recognizes traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine for treating COVID-19 symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the antiviral potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2021/6679761
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Zs.A 5995: Show issues

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Article: Randomized double-blind clinical study in patients with COVID-19 to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a phytomedicine (P2Et).

Urueña, Claudia / Ballesteros-Ramírez, Ricardo / Gomez-Cadena, Alejandra / Barreto, Alfonso / Prieto, Karol / Quijano, Sandra / Aschner, Pablo / Martínez, Carlos / Zapata-Cardona, Maria I / El-Ahanidi, Hajar / Jandus, Camilla / Florez-Alvarez, Lizdany / Rugeles, Maria Teresa / Zapata-Builes, Wildeman / Garcia, Angel Alberto / Fiorentino, Susana

Frontiers in medicine

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 991873

Abstract: Background: It has been proposed that polyphenols can be used in the development of new therapies against COVID-19, given their ability to interfere with the adsorption and entrance processes of the virus, thus disrupting viral replication. Seeds from !# ...

Abstract	Background: It has been proposed that polyphenols can be used in the development of new therapies against COVID-19, given their ability to interfere with the adsorption and entrance processes of the virus, thus disrupting viral replication. Seeds from Methods: In this work, a phase II multicenter randomized double-blind clinical trial on COVID-19 patients was designed to evaluate the impact of the P2Et treatment on the clinical outcome and the immunological parameters related to the evolution of the disease. The Trial was registered with the number No. NCT04410510 Results: Patients treated with P2Et were discharged on average after 7.4 days of admission vs. 9.6 days in the placebo group. Although a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines such as G-CSF, IL-15, IL-12, IL-6, IP10, MCP-1, MCP-2 and IL-18 was observed in both groups, P2Et decreased to a greater extent G-CSF, IL-6 and IL-18 among others, which are related to lower recovery of patients in the long term. The frequency of T lymphocytes (LT) CD3+, LT double negative (CD3+CD4-CD8-), NK cells increased in the P2Et group where the population of eosinophils was also significantly reduced. In the murine bleomycin model, P2Et also reduced lung inflammation and fibrosis. P2Et was able to reduce the viral replication of murine and human coronaviruses Conclusions: Taken together these results suggest that P2Et could be consider as a good co-adjuvant in the treatment of COVID-19. Clinical trail registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04410510, identifier: NCT04410510.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2022.991873
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Article ; Online: The hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa (Cat's claw) inhibits the replication of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro

Yepes-Perez, Andres F. / Herrera-Calderon, Oscar / Flórez-Álvarez, Lizdany / Zapata-Cardona, María I. / Yepes, Lina / Aguilar, Wbeimar / Rugeles, María T. / Zapata, Wildeman

bioRxiv

Abstract	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious problem for public health since it was identified in the province of Wuhan (China) and spread around the world producing high mortality rates and economic losses. Nowadays, WHO recognizes traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine for treating COVID-19 symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the antiviral potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa stem bark from Peru against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The antiviral activity of U. tomentosa against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro was assessed in Vero E6 cells using cytopathic effect (CPE) and plaque reduction assay. After 48h of treatment, U. tomentosa showed an inhibition of 92.7 % of SARS-CoV-2 at 25.0 μg/mL (p<0.0001) by plaque reduction assay on Vero E6 cells. In addition, U. tomentosa, induced a reduction of 98.6 % (p=0.02) and 92.7 % (p=0.03) in the CPE caused by SARS-CoV-2 on Vero E6 cells at 25 μg/mL and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively. The EC50 calculated for U. tomentosa extract by plaque reduction assay was 6.6 μg/mL (4.89 – 8.85 μg/mL) for a selectivity index of 4.1. The EC50 calculated for U. tomentosa extract by TCID50 assay was 2.57 μg/mL (1.05 – 3.75 μg/mL) for a selectivity index of 10.54. These results showed thatU. tomentosa known as Cat9s claw has antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2 observed as a reduction in the viral titer and CPE after 48h of treatment on Vero E6 cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that U. tomentosa stem bark, could be promissory to the development of new therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-10
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2020.11.09.372201
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: PM10 promotes an inflammatory cytokine response that may impact SARS-CoV-2 replication

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Article ; Online: Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants Decays After Six Months.

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Article ; Online: In vitro and in silico evaluation of antiretrovirals against SARS-CoV-2: A drug repurposing approach.

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Article: Atorvastatin Effectively Inhibits Ancestral and Two Emerging Variants of SARS-CoV-2

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Article ; Online: Curcumin Inhibits In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vero E6 Cells through Multiple Antiviral Mechanisms.

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Article: The Hydroalcoholic Extract of

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Article: Randomized double-blind clinical study in patients with COVID-19 to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a phytomedicine (P2Et).

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Article ; Online: The hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa (Cat's claw) inhibits the replication of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro

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