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  1. AU="Zawadzki, Pawel"
  2. AU="De Godoi Rezende Costa Molino, Caroline"
  3. AU=Shaw Richard
  4. AU="Vo, Van"
  5. AU="Rosalind F. Shaw"

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  1. Article: Proposal for a Novel Abrasive Machining Method for Preparing the Surface of Periarticular Tissue during Orthopedic Surgery on Hip Joints.

    Zawadzki, Paweł

    Journal of functional biomaterials

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 3

    Abstract: Drilling, cutting, and milling are the most common methods used in orthopedic surgery. However, popular machining methods do not obtain the complex shape of the periarticular tissue surfaces, increasing operation time and patient recovery. This paper ... ...

    Abstract Drilling, cutting, and milling are the most common methods used in orthopedic surgery. However, popular machining methods do not obtain the complex shape of the periarticular tissue surfaces, increasing operation time and patient recovery. This paper reports an attempt to research a novel design of a machining process for surgical procedures. A device using abrasion machining based on mechanical erosion was proposed. Machining uses an undefined geometry of the cutting grains to cut tissue in any direction during oscillatory tool movement. This new concept is based on a cylindrical abrasive device made of brown fused alumina and silicon carbide grains deposited with an epoxy resin binder on the surface of a polyamide shaft. The best results in terms of machining efficiency were obtained for grains of the BFA80 type. Cutting experiments with different values in terms of cutting speed, granulation of the abrasive grains, pressure forces, and machining scope showed that the proposed concept, by developing the shape of the device, allows for penetration of the tissue structure. The research shows the possibility of using the proposed method during periarticular tissue machining.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2648525-4
    ISSN 2079-4983
    ISSN 2079-4983
    DOI 10.3390/jfb12030050
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Bone Abrasive Machining: Influence of Tool Geometry and Cortical Bone Anisotropic Structure on Crack Propagation.

    Zawadzki, Paweł / Talar, Rafał

    Journal of functional biomaterials

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 3

    Abstract: The abrasive machining of cortical tissue is used in many arthroplasties and craniofacial surgery procedures. However, this method requires further research due to the processes’ complexity and the tissue’s composite structure. Therefore, studies were ... ...

    Abstract The abrasive machining of cortical tissue is used in many arthroplasties and craniofacial surgery procedures. However, this method requires further research due to the processes’ complexity and the tissue’s composite structure. Therefore, studies were carried out to assess the impact of grid geometry and the anisotropic structure of bone tissue on the cutting process and crack propagation. The analysis was performed based on an orthogonal cutting in three directions. The grain shape has been simplified, and the cutting forces, crack path and surface quality were monitored. The results indicate that a depth of cut at 100−25 µm allows the most accurate cutting control. A transverse cutting direction results in the greatest surface irregularity: Iz = 17.7%, Vvc = 3.29 mL/m2 and df = 5.22 µm and generates the most uncontrolled cracks. Maximum fracture force values of FF > 80 N were generated for d = 175 µm. For d < 5 µm, no cracks or only slight penetration occurs. A positive γ provides greater repeatability and crack control. Negative γ generates penetrating cracks and uncontrolled material damage. The individual types of cracks have a characteristic course of changes in Fx. The clearance angle did not affect the crack propagation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2648525-4
    ISSN 2079-4983
    ISSN 2079-4983
    DOI 10.3390/jfb13030154
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The Influence of Osteon Orientation on Surface Topography Parameters after Machining of Cortical Bone Tissue.

    Zawadzki, Paweł / Talar, Rafał / Grochalski, Karol / Dąbrowski, Mikołaj

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 12

    Abstract: Mechanical processing of cortical bone tissue is one of the most common surgical procedures. A critical issue accompanying this processing is the condition of the surface layer, which can stimulate tissue growth and serve as a drug carrier. A comparison ... ...

    Abstract Mechanical processing of cortical bone tissue is one of the most common surgical procedures. A critical issue accompanying this processing is the condition of the surface layer, which can stimulate tissue growth and serve as a drug carrier. A comparison of the surface condition before and after orthogonal and abrasive processing was conducted to validate the influence of bone tissue's processing mechanism and orthotropic properties on the surface topography. A cutting tool with a defined geometry and a custom-made abrasive tool was used. The bone samples were cut in three directions, depending on the orientation of the osteons. The cutting forces, acoustic emission, and surface topography were measured. The level of isotropy and the topography of the grooves showed statistical differences relative to the anisotropy directions. After orthogonal processing, the surface topography parameter Ra was determined from 1.38 ± 0.17 μm to 2.82 ± 0.32. In the case of abrasive processing, no correlation was found between the orientation of osteons and topographical properties. The average groove density for abrasive machining was below 1004 ± 0.7, and for orthogonal, it was above 1156 ± 58. Due to the positive properties of the developed bone surface, it is advisable to cut in the transverse direction and parallel to the axis of the osteons.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma16124293
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Influence of Dispersed Phase Content on the Mechanical Properties of Electroless Nanocomposite Ni-P/Si

    Czapczyk, Kazimierz / Zawadzki, Paweł / Wierzbicka, Natalia

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 18

    Abstract: The article presents the results of mechanical testing of Ni-P/ ... ...

    Abstract The article presents the results of mechanical testing of Ni-P/Si
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma16186100
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Technical and economic assessment of a 1 MWp floating photovoltaic system in Polish conditions

    Boduch, Andrzej / Mik, Krzysztof / Castro, Rui / Zawadzki, Paweł

    Renewable energy. 2022 Aug., v. 196

    2022  

    Abstract: The Polish coal-based power system faces the necessity of a pressing transition. Partially, the challenge may be addressed by floating photovoltaics. Since there is no analysis covering the implementation of this technology in Polish conditions, in this ... ...

    Abstract The Polish coal-based power system faces the necessity of a pressing transition. Partially, the challenge may be addressed by floating photovoltaics. Since there is no analysis covering the implementation of this technology in Polish conditions, in this paper the design process of a 1 MWp floating photovoltaic system and its technical and economic assessment were performed. To find the best solution different floating assemblies were considered. Floating systems were compared with the reference ground mounted system and, based on simulations conducted in PVsyst, economic study with sensitivity analysis was carried out. The results revealed that even in case of the best performing floating system the extra yield cannot compensate the higher CAPEX. Currently, in Polish market conditions, this technology is not as profitable as the ground-mounted systems and higher product maturity stage need to be achieved for it to be considered as competitive.
    Keywords economic analysis ; markets ; maturity stage ; solar collectors ; solar energy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-08
    Size p. 983-994.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2001449-1
    ISSN 1879-0682 ; 0960-1481
    ISSN (online) 1879-0682
    ISSN 0960-1481
    DOI 10.1016/j.renene.2022.07.032
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Assessment of prototype lightweight photovoltaic modules after over 1-year field test in polish conditions

    Mik, Krzysztof / Zawadzki, Paweł / Tarłowski, Jan / Bykuć, Sebastian

    Renewable energy. 2022 Aug. 21,

    2022  

    Abstract: The compliance with international standards does not necessarily ensure a long-term reliability of photovoltaic modules. Field tests are required to make the standard tests more adjusted to the evaluation of new concepts. Numerous researches focus on ... ...

    Abstract The compliance with international standards does not necessarily ensure a long-term reliability of photovoltaic modules. Field tests are required to make the standard tests more adjusted to the evaluation of new concepts. Numerous researches focus on long-term performance of standard modules, but only few studies are dedicated to lightweight modules. Therefore, the field operation of a PV system consisting of 28 lightweight modules of 4 different types (denoted as P1, P2, P3 and P4) has been being monitored for a year in warm temperate climate conditions. Over this period, the modules were tested by visual inspection, thermography and electroluminescence imaging and their electrical parameters were measured to compare results with the outcome of simulations in PVsyst. Visual inspections revealed yellowing and delamination of a few P2 and P4 modules because of issues with EVA foil. Thermography exposed many hot spots and failure of substrings in case of P2 modules. Also, the electroluminescence imaging showed numerous defects, mostly various micro cracks, which affected all modules’ types. Nevertheless, excluding P2 modules, the others generated higher yield than estimated by the simulations. Analysing year-to-year degradation, results for P3 and P4 were in line with results predicted for standard PV modules in similar climates.
    Keywords compliance ; delamination ; electrochemiluminescence ; foil ; prototypes ; renewable energy sources ; solar collectors ; temperate zones ; thermography
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0821
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 2001449-1
    ISSN 1879-0682 ; 0960-1481
    ISSN (online) 1879-0682
    ISSN 0960-1481
    DOI 10.1016/j.renene.2022.08.104
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: The Impact of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Exposure Parameters on Peri-Implant Artifacts: A Literature Review.

    Sawicki, Paweł / Zawadzki, Paweł J / Regulski, Piotr

    Cureus

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) e23035

    Abstract: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) amounts to an excellent diagnostic tool to evaluate the peri-implant bone thickness in all dimensions. Despite the unquestionable advantages of CBCT, potential artifacts around dental implants might disturb the proper ...

    Abstract Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) amounts to an excellent diagnostic tool to evaluate the peri-implant bone thickness in all dimensions. Despite the unquestionable advantages of CBCT, potential artifacts around dental implants might disturb the proper assessment of the surrounding structures. The artifacts may mask osseointegration, shallow bone defects, and other types of radiolucency, which make it difficult to establish an early diagnosis of bone loss. Proper diagnosis of bone defect is necessary to decide about surgical intervention. The aim of this literature review is to assess the CBCT exposure causing artifacts on the peri-implant structures. An electronic search of MEDLINE (PubMed) database includes studies published before July 2021 and supplemented by manual research. Clinical, ex vivo, in vitro, and animal studies evaluating the relationship between exposition parameters and occurrence of artifacts around the dental implant in CBCT studies were included. A literature review revealed that kilovoltage, tube current, and field of view may affect the occurrence of artifacts around dental implants, all of which would compromise radiological evaluation. Therefore, it is feasible to reduce the incidence of artifacts and improve the image quality by appropriate modification of the exposure parameters. However, the reduction of artifacts is often associated with a significant increase in radiation exposure; hence, an effort should be made to minimize the radiation dose in line with the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.23035
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Influence of Machining Parameters on Cutting and Chip-Formation Process during Cortical Bone Orthogonal Machining.

    Zawadzki, Paweł / Talar, Rafał / Patalas, Adam / Legutko, Stanisław

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 18

    Abstract: Cortical bone machining is commonly used in craniofacial surgery. The shaping of bone surfaces requires a precise determination of the process’s complexity due to the cutting tool’s defined or undefined geometry. Therefore, research was carried out to ... ...

    Abstract Cortical bone machining is commonly used in craniofacial surgery. The shaping of bone surfaces requires a precise determination of the process’s complexity due to the cutting tool’s defined or undefined geometry. Therefore, research was carried out to assess the impact of the rake angle (γ), clearance angle and depth of cut (d) on the cortical bone machining process. Analysis was carried out based on the orthogonal cutting in three directions. The cutting tool shape was simplified, and the cutting forces and the chip-formation process were monitored. The highest values of the resultant cutting force and shear force were recorded for γ < 0. The specific cutting force decreases with the increase of d. Cutting in the transverse direction is characterized by the highest values of resultant cutting force and shear force. The coefficient of friction depends primarily on the d and takes a constant value or increases with the increase of γ. The tests showed that the chips are formed in the entire range of d ≥ 0.5 µm and create regular shapes for d ≥ 10 µm. The research novelty confirms that even negative cutting angles guarantee controlled cutting and can find wider application in surgical procedures.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma15186414
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Influence of Exposure Parameters and Implant Position in Peri-Implant Bone Assessment in CBCT Images: An In Vitro Study.

    Sawicki, Paweł / Regulski, Piotr / Winiarski, Artur / Zawadzki, Paweł J

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 13

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of dimensional distortion and its changes with modification of exposure setting parameters on the measurements of peri-implant bone margin. Ten titanium dental implants (InKone Primo, Global D, Paris, France) ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the impact of dimensional distortion and its changes with modification of exposure setting parameters on the measurements of peri-implant bone margin. Ten titanium dental implants (InKone Primo, Global D, Paris, France) were placed in two prepared bovine ribs. Two bone models and an implant-with-transfer model were scanned with 3shape E4 (3shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) laboratory scanner. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of two bone models were taken with different values of voltage (60, 70, 80, 90 kV), tube current (4, 10 mA) and voxel size (200, 300 µm). All the data were superimposed using planning software, and the measurements of buccal bone thickness in two selected regions were performed both using CBCT and scan cross-sections. The mean squared error (MSE) being the squared differences between measurements was used in the accuracy assessment of the CBCT device. A one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences between voltage and MSE (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm11133846
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Effect of screw angulation and multiple insertions on load-to-failure of polyaxial locking system.

    Glowacki, Jakub / Bartkowiak, Tomasz / Paczos, Piotr / Mietlinski, Patryk / Zawadzki, Pawel / Lapaj, Lukasz

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 12, Page(s) e0295526

    Abstract: Purpose: Polyaxial locking plates rely on the alignment between the thread-to-thread connections of the screw head and the plate hole. These implants have provided substantial support for surgeons. In particular, extended screw positioning have proven ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Polyaxial locking plates rely on the alignment between the thread-to-thread connections of the screw head and the plate hole. These implants have provided substantial support for surgeons. In particular, extended screw positioning have proven to be beneficial in the fixation of challenging fractures. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of ChM 5.0 ChLP polyaxial screws inserted in off-axis trajectories, including multiple insertions and to correlate these parameters with the screw head and the plate hole thread-to-thread engagement.
    Methods: Polyaxial locking screws were inserted into the plates at various angles (0°,10°,15°, -15° off-axis). Multiple time inserted screws were placed firstly at 15°, then 0° and finally -15° off-axis in the same plate hole. A microCT scan of the plate-hole and screw-head interface was conducted before destructive tests. Representative screws from each group were also examined by Scanning Electron Microscope.
    Results: The standard insertion at 0° sustained the greatest maximum bending strength without relocation in the screw hole. Screws inserted at 10° and 15° (one time) showed a significant reduction in load-to-failure of up to 36% and 55%, (p = 0.001) (p = 0.001) respectively. Screws inserted at -15° after a maximum of three multiple insertions with angle shift, showed a total reduction in force of up to 70% (p = 0.001). A microCT analysis of thread engagement showed significant correlations. However, the results obtained for multiple insertions were highly variable.
    Conclusions: ChM 5.0 ChLP polyaxial locking system has valuable properties that foster fracture fixation, providing various surgical options. Nevertheless, the freedom of off-axis placement and multiple insertions of the screws comes at the price of reduced force. When possible surgeons should minimize the angles of insertions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging ; Fractures, Bone/surgery ; Fracture Fixation ; Bone Screws ; Bone Plates ; X-Ray Microtomography ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods ; Biomechanical Phenomena
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0295526
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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