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  1. Article ; Online: Morphometric Measurements and Muscle Atrophy Scoring as a Tool to Predict Body Weight and Condition of Horses.

    Urbanek, Nadine / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Veterinary sciences

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 8

    Abstract: Accurate estimation of body weight (BW) and condition (BCS) is important in the equine practice. The main goal of this research was to develop models for the prediction of BW and BCS of horses in the practice using both common morphometric measurements ... ...

    Abstract Accurate estimation of body weight (BW) and condition (BCS) is important in the equine practice. The main goal of this research was to develop models for the prediction of BW and BCS of horses in the practice using both common morphometric measurements and measurements of Cresty Neck Score (CNS) and Muscle Atrophy Scoring System (MASS) as a measure of muscularity. Our model showed that the BW of horses could be predicted with high reproducibility (concordance correlation coefficient = 0.97), accuracy (0.99), and precision (0.97) using the morphometric measurements of the height at withers, circumference of the chest, cane circumference, body length, and body circumference as well as the BCS, CNS, and muscle atrophy score of the hindlimbs. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the BCS of horses can be predicted with the data of parameters such as age, body length and an index consisting of measurements of the body circumference to height of withers, and the atrophy of the neck. Future research should use larger cohorts of animals to validate the findings of this study.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2768971-2
    ISSN 2306-7381 ; 2306-7381
    ISSN (online) 2306-7381
    ISSN 2306-7381
    DOI 10.3390/vetsci10080515
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Thesis: Einfluss der Partikellänge von Totalmischrationen (TMR) auf die Digestaschichtung und Verdauungsvorgänge im Pansen hochleistender Milchkühe

    Zebeli, Qendrim

    (Berichte aus der Agrarwissenschaft)

    2006  

    Author's details Qendrim Zebeli
    Series title Berichte aus der Agrarwissenschaft
    Keywords Milchkuh ; Leistungsmerkmal ; Mischfutter ; Ration ; Pansen ; Verdauung
    Subject Digestion ; Rumen ; Wanst ; Zottenmagen ; Zuteilung ; Futtermischung
    Language German
    Size IV, 187 S., graph. Darst., 21 cm, 291 gr.
    Publisher Shaker
    Publishing place Aachen
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Hohenheim, Univ., Diss., 2006
    Note Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
    HBZ-ID HT014787603
    ISBN 3-8322-4931-1 ; 978-3-8322-4931-1
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article ; Online: Elucidating the factors and consequences of the severity of rumen acidosis in first-lactation Holstein cows during transition and early lactation.

    Hartinger, Thomas / Castillo-Lopez, Ezequias / Reisinger, Nicole / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Journal of animal science

    2024  Volume 102

    Abstract: First-lactation cows are particularly prone to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) during transition. Besides common risk factors of SARA, such as feeding of starch-rich diets, an individual severity of SARA in cows has been recently evidenced. Yet, the ... ...

    Abstract First-lactation cows are particularly prone to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) during transition. Besides common risk factors of SARA, such as feeding of starch-rich diets, an individual severity of SARA in cows has been recently evidenced. Yet, the factors that play a role in SARA severity have not been elucidated. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the factors of SARA severity in first-lactation cows during transition and early lactation, which go beyond high-grain feeding, and to explore their impact on behavior, health, and fermentation in the rumen and hindgut. Twenty-four first-lactation Holstein cows with the same feeding regime were used starting from 3 wk before the expected calving day until 10 wk postpartum. Cows received a close-up diet (32% concentrate) until calving and were then transitioned to a lactation diet (60% concentrate) within 1 week. The SARA severity was assessed by cluster analysis of several rumen pH metrics, which revealed exceptionally longer and more severe SARA in cows denominated as high (n = 9), as compared to moderate (n = 9) and low (n = 6) SARA severity cows (P < 0.01). The logistic analysis showed that the length of close-up feeding, age at parturition, and the level of dry matter intake (DMI) were the main factors that influenced the cows' odds for high SARA severity (each P ≤ 0.01). Moreover, the ANOVA hinted differences in the metabolic activity of the ruminal microbiome to promote SARA severity, as indicated by highest ruminal propionate proportions (P = 0.05) in high SARA severity cows, also with similar DMI. The distinct SARA severity was marginally reflected in behavior and there were no effects of SARA severity or high-grain feeding on blood inflammation markers, which peaked at parturition regardless of SARA severity (P < 0.01). Still, ongoing high-grain feeding increased liver enzyme concentrations from 6 wk postpartum on, compared to weeks before (P < 0.01), yet irrespectively of SARA severity. In conclusion, first-lactation cows differed in SARA severity under the same feeding regime, which was ascribed to management factors and differences in ruminal fermentation. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and to understand the mechanisms behind differences in the metabolic function of rumen microbiome, in particular in terms of evaluating markers for various SARA severity, as well as to evaluate potential long-term effects on health, performance, fertility, and longevity of dairy cows.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Rumen/metabolism ; Cattle Diseases/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lactation ; Diet/veterinary ; Diet/adverse effects ; Acidosis/veterinary ; Milk/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390959-1
    ISSN 1525-3163 ; 0021-8812
    ISSN (online) 1525-3163
    ISSN 0021-8812
    DOI 10.1093/jas/skae041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Buffering Capacity of Various Commercial and Homemade Foods in the Context of Gastric Canine Digestion.

    Stefani, Verena / Lucke, Annegret / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 23

    Abstract: The buffering capacity (BC) of food may act as a key regulatory parameter of canine gastric digestion by influencing the activity of gastric enzymes, the solubility of dietary ingredients, the gastric breakdown of food nutrients, and, subsequently, the ... ...

    Abstract The buffering capacity (BC) of food may act as a key regulatory parameter of canine gastric digestion by influencing the activity of gastric enzymes, the solubility of dietary ingredients, the gastric breakdown of food nutrients, and, subsequently, the absorption of nutrients. To analyse a possible effect of food on gastric pH, the BC of wet, dry, and homemade dog food was quantified via an acid titration method until a pH under 2 was achieved. Wet food had the highest BC; between dry and homemade food, there was no significant difference. Using multiple regression analyses, we were able to establish associations between the nutrient composition and the BC of the dog food. Crude protein content was the most important factor that influenced the BC and HCl use per gram of dry matter (DM) (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani13233662
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The Present Role and New Potentials of Anaerobic Fungi in Ruminant Nutrition.

    Hartinger, Thomas / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 3

    Abstract: The ruminal microbiota allows ruminants to utilize fibrous feeds and is in the limelight of ruminant nutrition research for many years. However, the overwhelming majority of investigations have focused on bacteria, whereas anaerobic fungi (AF) have been ... ...

    Abstract The ruminal microbiota allows ruminants to utilize fibrous feeds and is in the limelight of ruminant nutrition research for many years. However, the overwhelming majority of investigations have focused on bacteria, whereas anaerobic fungi (AF) have been widely neglected by ruminant nutritionists. Anaerobic fungi are not only crucial fiber degraders but also important nutrient sources for the host. This review summarizes the current findings on AF and, most importantly, discusses their new application potentials in modern ruminant nutrition. Available data suggest AF can be applied as direct-fed microbials to enhance ruminal fiber degradation, which is indeed of interest for high-yielding dairy cows that often show depressed ruminal fibrolysis in response to high-grain feeding. Moreover, these microorganisms have relevance for the nutrient supply and reduction of methane emissions. However, to reach AF-related improvements in ruminal fiber breakdown and animal performance, obstacles in large-scale AF cultivation and applicable administration options need to be overcome. At feedstuff level, silage production may benefit from the application of fungal enzymes that cleave lignocellulosic structures and consequently enable higher energy exploitation from forages in the rumen. Concluding, AF hold several potentials in improving ruminant feeding and future research efforts are called for to harness these potentials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof7030200
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A review on the potentials of using feeds rich in water-soluble carbohydrates to enhance rumen health and sustainability of dairy cattle production.

    Klevenhusen, Fenja / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Journal of the science of food and agriculture

    2021  Volume 101, Issue 14, Page(s) 5737–5746

    Abstract: Cows are adapted to degrade structural plant carbohydrates (SC), such as cellulose and hemicelluloses, prevailing in grasses. Yet, the need for energy-dense diets in many intensive dairy production systems has shifted the dairy cattle's diet from SC-rich ...

    Abstract Cows are adapted to degrade structural plant carbohydrates (SC), such as cellulose and hemicelluloses, prevailing in grasses. Yet, the need for energy-dense diets in many intensive dairy production systems has shifted the dairy cattle's diet from SC-rich to high levels of starch. Feeding of starch-rich diets increases the risk of ruminal acidosis in cows, and feeding starch in the form of grains intensifies the competition over cereal grains and arable land among different livestock species, as well as between livestock and humans. Besides cellulose and hemicelluloses, grasses are also often rich in water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), which comprise mono-, di-, oligo- and polysaccharides (fructans). Although the ruminal fermentation profile of mono- and disaccharides resembles that of starch, the degradation of oligo- and polysaccharides is slower, and their fermentation elicits a rather protecting effect on ruminal pH. When harvested in an early phase (i.e. ear emergence), grass hay and silages can reach WSC levels up to 150-200 g kg
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle/growth & development ; Cattle/metabolism ; Diet/veterinary ; Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism ; Digestion ; Rumen/metabolism ; Sustainable Development
    Chemical Substances Dietary Carbohydrates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184116-6
    ISSN 1097-0010 ; 0022-5142
    ISSN (online) 1097-0010
    ISSN 0022-5142
    DOI 10.1002/jsfa.11358
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: A review on the potentials of using feeds rich in water‐soluble carbohydrates to enhance rumen health and sustainability of dairy cattle production

    Klevenhusen, Fenja / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Journal of the science of food and agriculture. 2021 Nov., v. 101, no. 14

    2021  

    Abstract: Cows are adapted to degrade structural plant carbohydrates (SC), such as cellulose and hemicelluloses, prevailing in grasses. Yet, the need for energy‐dense diets in many intensive dairy production systems has shifted the dairy cattleʼs diet from SC‐rich ...

    Abstract Cows are adapted to degrade structural plant carbohydrates (SC), such as cellulose and hemicelluloses, prevailing in grasses. Yet, the need for energy‐dense diets in many intensive dairy production systems has shifted the dairy cattleʼs diet from SC‐rich to high levels of starch. Feeding of starch‐rich diets increases the risk of ruminal acidosis in cows, and feeding starch in the form of grains intensifies the competition over cereal grains and arable land among different livestock species, as well as between livestock and humans. Besides cellulose and hemicelluloses, grasses are also often rich in water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC), which comprise mono‐, di‐, oligo‐ and polysaccharides (fructans). Although the ruminal fermentation profile of mono‐ and disaccharides resembles that of starch, the degradation of oligo‐ and polysaccharides is slower, and their fermentation elicits a rather protecting effect on ruminal pH. When harvested in an early phase (i.e. ear emergence), grass hay and silages can reach WSC levels up to 150–200 g kg⁻¹ dry matter and energy levels close to starch‐rich diets, allowing a significantly reduced inclusion of concentrate supplements. By doing so, this will enhance both rumen health and the sustainability of milk production. However, because the WSC are chemically very heterogeneous, the patterns and extent of their ruminal fermentation are difficult to predict without a clear analytical characterization. This review article aims to summarize both the benefits and potentials, as well as the challenges, with respect to using WSC‐rich feedstuffs in the nutrition of dairy cattle and their effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics and milk production. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
    Keywords agriculture ; arable soils ; cattle production ; cellulose ; dairy cattle ; energy ; fermentation ; fructans ; grass hay ; hemicellulose ; milk production ; pH ; risk ; rumen fermentation ; ruminal acidosis ; starch ; water solubility
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Size p. 5737-5746.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Document type Article
    Note REVIEW
    ZDB-ID 184116-6
    ISSN 1097-0010 ; 0022-5142
    ISSN (online) 1097-0010
    ISSN 0022-5142
    DOI 10.1002/jsfa.11358
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Changes in eating time, chewing activity and dust concentration in horses fed either alfalfa cubes or long-stem hay.

    Petz, Viktoria / Khiaosa-Ard, Ratchaneewan / Iben, Christine / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Veterinary medicine and science

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 1154–1162

    Abstract: Background: Chewing is an essential physiological process in horses; yet, the physical form of feeds may affect their chewing and feeding behaviour with consequences for equine digestion and health.: Objectives and methods: The present study ... ...

    Abstract Background: Chewing is an essential physiological process in horses; yet, the physical form of feeds may affect their chewing and feeding behaviour with consequences for equine digestion and health.
    Objectives and methods: The present study evaluated the potential of a commercial forage cubes made from alfalfa and mixed meadow grasses to maintain chewing activity when compared with a traditional long and fibre-rich hay. An additional aim was to measure the dust formation during feeding. The experiment was a crossover design with six horses (11 ± 4 years old, mean ± SD), fed with 5 kg (as-fed basis) of their feed (long hay or alfalfa cubes) overnight. Eating and chewing activity was measured using the EquiWatch system with a sensor-based halter.
    Results: Data showed that by feeding the same amount of feed overnight, cube feeding led to 24% shorter eating time (on average 67 min less) and 26% fewer total chews compared to the long hay. On an hourly basis, horses also spent more time eating and chewing the long hay compared to the cubes. The cube feeding led to a higher dust concentration of the inhalable fraction (<100 μm), but not of the thoracic (<10 μm) fraction. Nevertheless, average dust concentrations were generally low for both cubes and hay, whereby both were of sound hygienic status.
    Conclusion and recommendation: Our data suggest that feeding alfalfa-based cubes overnight generated shorter eating time and less chews than the long hay without major differences in the thoracic dust. Therefore, because of the decreased eating time and chews, alfalfa-based cubes should not be fed a sole forage source, especially when it is to be fed without restriction.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Horses ; Mastication/physiology ; Medicago sativa ; Animal Feed/analysis ; Feeding Behavior ; Poaceae
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2819409-3
    ISSN 2053-1095 ; 2053-1095
    ISSN (online) 2053-1095
    ISSN 2053-1095
    DOI 10.1002/vms3.1102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Suitability of anaerobic fungi culture supernatant or mixed ruminal fluid as novel silage additives.

    Hartinger, Thomas / Fliegerová, Katerina / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Applied microbiology and biotechnology

    2022  Volume 106, Issue 19-20, Page(s) 6819–6832

    Abstract: This study investigated silage quality characteristics and ruminal fiber degradability of grass and straw ensiled with either anaerobic fungi (AF) supernatant with active fungal enzymes or mixed ruminal fluid as novel silage additives. Compared to ... ...

    Abstract This study investigated silage quality characteristics and ruminal fiber degradability of grass and straw ensiled with either anaerobic fungi (AF) supernatant with active fungal enzymes or mixed ruminal fluid as novel silage additives. Compared to control silages, AF supernatant improved the quality of grass and straw silages as evidenced by decreased pH, acetic acid concentration, and dry matter losses. Likewise, mixed ruminal fluid enhanced lactic acid fermentation, which further resulted in lower pH of the treated grass silage. The ruminal fiber degradability was determined using in situ incubations and, compared to controls, the cellulose degradability was higher for grass silage with AF supernatant, whereas ruminal degradability of straw silage was reduced by this treatment. In contrast, mixed ruminal fluid did not influence fiber degradability of silages in the rumen. Concluding, both novel additives improved silage quality, whereas only AF supernatant enhanced ruminal fiber degradability of grass silage and therefore may represent an approach for improving forage utilization by ruminants. KEY POINTS: • Enzymes of anaerobic fungi supernatant improve quality of grass and straw silages. • Mixed ruminal fluid enhances lactic acid fermentation when ensiling grass and straw. • Enzymes of anaerobic fungi supernatant increase ruminal grass silage degradability.
    MeSH term(s) Acetates/metabolism ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Cellulose/metabolism ; Dietary Fiber/metabolism ; Fermentation ; Fungi ; Lactic Acid/metabolism ; Poaceae ; Rumen/microbiology ; Silage/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Acetates ; Dietary Fiber ; Lactic Acid (33X04XA5AT) ; Cellulose (9004-34-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392453-1
    ISSN 1432-0614 ; 0171-1741 ; 0175-7598
    ISSN (online) 1432-0614
    ISSN 0171-1741 ; 0175-7598
    DOI 10.1007/s00253-022-12157-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Ruminal disappearance of nutrients and ruminal phosphorus concentration in cows fed concentrates treated with lactic acid, with or without inorganic phosphorous supplementation

    Mickdam, Elsayed / Khiaosa-ard, Ratchaneewan / Zebeli, Qendrim

    Livestock science. 2022 Sept., v. 263

    2022  

    Abstract: Our previous work indicates that lactic acid (LA) treatment of concentrates promotes ruminal fermentation output, and ruminal fungi benefit from LA treatment with inorganic phosphorous (iP) supplementation in dairy cows. In continuation of the previous ... ...

    Abstract Our previous work indicates that lactic acid (LA) treatment of concentrates promotes ruminal fermentation output, and ruminal fungi benefit from LA treatment with inorganic phosphorous (iP) supplementation in dairy cows. In continuation of the previous study, the present work investigated whether treating concentrates with LA and iP supplementation would affect the ruminal release of nutrients of the treated concentrates as well as the fibre degradation in the rumen. Three dietary treatments were tested in a Latin square trial with 6 rumen cannulated dry Holstein cows. Diets were a control diet, without LA treatment, supplemented with iP (CON+iP), and two LA-treated diets: one with (LA+iP) and another without inorganic P supplementation (LA-iP). Monocalcium phosphate and a conventional vitamin-mineral premix were supplemented in CON+iP and LA+iP diets, while LA-iP contained no iP source. All diets were offered as a total mixed ration (forage to concentrate ratio of 53:47 on dry matter (DM) basis) and contained total P levels of 4.1 g/kg DM for LA-iP and 4.7 g/kg DM for both iP supplemented diets. The in situ ruminal disappearance of nutrients in the respective concentrate mixtures and the hay incubated as substrates, as well as the P concentrations of the free ruminal liquid and solid rumen digesta were studied. Data showed that LA-treatment increased the solubility and thus sped up ruminal disappearance as well as increased the effective rumen disappearance of ash, P and crude protein of the concentrates, independent of iP supplementation. The overall in situ disappearance of starch was similar amongst all treatments. The in situ disappearance of nutrients of the hay was minimally affected by LA treatment and the iP supplementation. The ruminal P concentrations were least in LA-iP compared to CON+iP and LA+iP. In conclusion, LA treatment improves ruminal degradation of the treated concentrates, especially P, other minerals and crude protein. With the current total dietary P levels fed, neither LA treatment nor iP supplementation affects the overall ruminal fibre degradation.
    Keywords Holstein ; cannulas ; crude protein ; diet ; digesta ; forage ; hay ; lactic acid ; liquids ; monocalcium phosphate ; rumen fermentation ; solubility ; starch ; total mixed rations
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-09
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2226176-X
    ISSN 1878-0490 ; 1871-1413
    ISSN (online) 1878-0490
    ISSN 1871-1413
    DOI 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105033
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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