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Article ; Online: Maximum power and the corresponding efficiency for a Carnot-like thermoelectric cycle based on fluctuation theorem.

Hua, Yuchao / Guo, Zeng-Yuan

2024 Volume 109, Issue 2-1, Page(s) 24130

Abstract: Here, we investigate the maximum power and efficiency of thermoelectric generators through devising a set of protocols for the isothermal and adiabatic processes of thermoelectricity to build a Carnot-like thermoelectric cycle, with the analysis based on ...

Abstract	Here, we investigate the maximum power and efficiency of thermoelectric generators through devising a set of protocols for the isothermal and adiabatic processes of thermoelectricity to build a Carnot-like thermoelectric cycle, with the analysis based on fluctuation theorem. The Carnot efficiency can be readily obtained for the quasistatic thermoelectric cycle with vanishing power. The maximum power-efficiency pair of the finite-time thermoelectric cycle is derived, which is found to have the identical form to that of Brownian motors characterized by the stochastic thermodynamics. However, it is of significant discrepancy compared to the linear-irreversible and endoreversible-thermodynamics based formulations. The distinction with the linear-irreversible-thermodynamics case could result from the difference in the definitions of Peltier and Seebeck coefficients in the thermoelectric cycle. As for the endoreversible thermodynamics, we argue the applicability of endoreversibility could be questionable for analyzing the Carnot-like thermoelectric cycle, due to the incompatibility of the endoreversible hypothesis that attributes the irreversibility to finite heat transfer with thermal reservoirs, though the distinction in the mathematical expressions can vanish with the assumption that the ratio of thermoelectric power factors at the high and low temperatures (γ) is equal to the square root of the temperature ratio, γ=sqrt[T_{L}/T_{H}] (this condition could significantly deviate from the practical case). Last, utilizing our models as a concise tool to evaluate the maximum power-efficiency pairs of realistic thermoelectric material, we present a case study on the n-type silicon.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844562-4
ISSN	2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
ISSN (online)	2470-0053
ISSN	2470-0045
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevE.109.024130
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Thermodynamic Derivation of the Reciprocal Relation of Thermoelectricity.

Xue, Ti-Wei / Guo, Zeng-Yuan

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 26, Issue 3

Abstract: The Kelvin relation, relating the Seebeck coefficient and the Peltier coefficient, is a theoretical basis of thermoelectricity. It was first derived by Kelvin using a quasi-thermodynamic approach. However, Kelvin's approach was subjected to much ... ...

Abstract	The Kelvin relation, relating the Seebeck coefficient and the Peltier coefficient, is a theoretical basis of thermoelectricity. It was first derived by Kelvin using a quasi-thermodynamic approach. However, Kelvin's approach was subjected to much criticism due to the rude neglect of irreversible factors. It was only later that a seemingly plausible proof of the Kelvin relation was given using the Onsager reciprocal relation with full consideration of irreversibility. Despite this, a critical issue remains. It is believed that the Seebeck and Peltier effects are thermodynamically reversible, and therefore, the Kelvin relation should also be independent of irreversibility. Kelvin's quasi-thermodynamic approach, although seemingly irrational, may well have touched on the essence of thermoelectricity. To avoid Kelvin's dilemma, this study conceives the physical scenarios of equilibrium thermodynamics to explore thermoelectricity. Unlike Kelvin's quasi-thermodynamic approach, here, a completely reversible thermodynamic approach is used to establish the reciprocal relations of thermoelectricity, on the basis of which the Kelvin relation is once again derived. Moreover, a direct thermodynamic derivation of the Onsager reciprocal relations for fluxes defined as the time derivative of an extensive state variable is given using the method of equilibrium thermodynamics. The present theory can be extended to other coupled phenomena.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2014734-X
ISSN	1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
ISSN (online)	1099-4300
ISSN	1099-4300
DOI	10.3390/e26030202
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Article ; Online: Thermoelectric Cycle and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Xue, Ti-Wei / Guo, Zeng-Yuan

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 25, Issue 1

Abstract: In 2019, Schilling et al. claimed that they achieved the supercooling of a body without external intervention in their thermoelectric experiments, thus arguing that the second law of thermodynamics was bent. Kostic suggested that their claim lacked full ... ...

Abstract	In 2019, Schilling et al. claimed that they achieved the supercooling of a body without external intervention in their thermoelectric experiments, thus arguing that the second law of thermodynamics was bent. Kostic suggested that their claim lacked full comprehension of the second law of thermodynamics. A review of history shows that what Clausius referred to as the second law of thermodynamics is the theorem of the equivalence of transformations (unfairly ignored historically) in a reversible heat-work cycle, rather than "
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2014734-X
ISSN	1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
ISSN (online)	1099-4300
ISSN	1099-4300
DOI	10.3390/e25010155
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Article ; Online: Correspondence of the Symmetry of Thermodynamic Properties of Matter with the Symmetry of Equations of State.

Xue, Ti-Wei / Guo, Zeng-Yuan

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 25, Issue 11

Abstract: Thermodynamics contains rich symmetries. These symmetries are usually considered independent of the structure of matter or the thermodynamic state where matter is located and, thus, highly universal. As Callen stated, the connection between the symmetry ... ...

Abstract	Thermodynamics contains rich symmetries. These symmetries are usually considered independent of the structure of matter or the thermodynamic state where matter is located and, thus, highly universal. As Callen stated, the connection between the symmetry of fundamental laws and the macroscopic properties of matter is not trivially evident. However, this view is now being challenged. Recently, with symmetry to the ideal gas equation of state (EOS), an ideal dense matter EOS has been proposed, which has been verified to be in good agreement with the thermodynamic properties of high-density substances. This indicates that there is a certain symmetry between the thermodynamic properties of substances in their high- and low-density limits. This paper focuses on the distinctive features and the significance of this symmetry. It is a new class of symmetry that is dependent on the thermodynamic state of matter and can be incorporated into the existing symmetrical theoretical system of thermodynamics. A potential path for developing the EOS theory arising from this symmetry is discussed. EOS at high densities could be developed by correcting or extrapolating the ideal dense matter EOS based on this symmetry, which might fundamentally solve the difficulty of constructing EOS at high densities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2014734-X
ISSN	1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
ISSN (online)	1099-4300
ISSN	1099-4300
DOI	10.3390/e25111532
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Article ; Online: A global equation-of-state model from mathematical interpolation between low- and high-density limits.

Xue, Ti-Wei / Guo, Zeng-Yuan

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 12533

Abstract: The ideal gas equation of state (EOS) model is a well-known low-density limiting model. Recently, an ideal dense matter EOS model for the high-density limit symmetric to the ideal gas model has been developed. Here, by mathematically interpolating ... ...

Abstract	The ideal gas equation of state (EOS) model is a well-known low-density limiting model. Recently, an ideal dense matter EOS model for the high-density limit symmetric to the ideal gas model has been developed. Here, by mathematically interpolating between the ideal gas and ideal dense matter limiting models, we establish a global model containing two EOS in the form of P-V-T and P-S-T for arbitrary ranges of densities. Different from empirical or semi-empirical EOS, the coefficients in the global EOS have a clear physical meaning and can be determined from a priori knowledge. The proposed global model is thermodynamically consistent and continuous. It reduces to the ideal gas model when approaching the low-density limit and to the ideal dense matter model when approaching the high-density limit. Verifications for
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-16016-6
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Article ; Online: Combinatory glycoengineering of monoclonal antibodies and its application in cancer therapy: a narrative review.

Wang, Siyuan / Tian, Huairu / Tian, Peilin / Xing, Yiwen / Zeng, Yuan

Translational cancer research

2024 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 1150–1165

Abstract: Background and objective: The application of immunotherapy, especially in terms of recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), is a revolution in the pharmaceutical industry field. Glycosylation plays an essential role in the structures and functions of ... ...

Abstract	Background and objective: The application of immunotherapy, especially in terms of recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), is a revolution in the pharmaceutical industry field. Glycosylation plays an essential role in the structures and functions of mAbs, which must be carefully monitored and designed throughout their entire lifespan to ensure safety and efficacy. This review aimed to summarize the current status of the glycoengineering of mAbs for providing reference for the pharmaceutical industry. The application of glycoengineering of mAbs in cancer therapy will also be discussed in this article. Methods: We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE database to identify studies published between 1970 and 2023 that investigated glycoengineering of recombinant mAbs and its applications. The major findings of these studies were summarized. Key content and findings: This article reviews the relationship between glycosylation profiles and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), shelf-life, and other properties of mAbs. Furthermore, the rational design of glycosylation profiles provides solutions to the unmet needs of new drug development and biosimilar manufacturers. This review also emphatically describes various feasible strategies to optimize the glycosylation pattern in biomanufacturing reported in recent years, especially the approaches of combinatory glycoengineering explored in this field. Finally, we share examples of glycoengineering of mAbs applied in cancer therapy. Conclusions: Glycan modifications have been achieved through genetic and metabolic glycoengineering. A better understanding of the interplay between cells and the exogenous environment help the combinatorial strategy for glycoengineering in precise control mode. Furthermore, new high-tech approaches for glycoengineering are leading biological engineering and biotherapeutics to a new stage.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2901601-0
ISSN	2219-6803 ; 2218-676X
ISSN (online)	2219-6803
ISSN	2218-676X
DOI	10.21037/tcr-23-1371
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Article ; Online: Structural basis of exoribonuclease-mediated mRNA transcription termination.

Zeng, Yuan / Zhang, Hong-Wei / Wu, Xiao-Xian / Zhang, Yu

Nature

2024 Volume 628, Issue 8009, Page(s) 887–893

Abstract: Efficient termination is required for robust gene transcription. Eukaryotic organisms use a conserved exoribonuclease-mediated mechanism to terminate the mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) ...

Abstract	Efficient termination is required for robust gene transcription. Eukaryotic organisms use a conserved exoribonuclease-mediated mechanism to terminate the mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II)
MeSH term(s)	Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Exoribonucleases/chemistry ; Exoribonucleases/metabolism ; Exoribonucleases/ultrastructure ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Binding ; RNA Polymerase II/chemistry ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; RNA Polymerase II/ultrastructure ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/chemistry ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/ultrastructure ; RNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/ultrastructure ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/chemistry ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/ultrastructure ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/ultrastructure ; Transcription Termination, Genetic ; Transcriptional Elongation Factors/chemistry ; Transcriptional Elongation Factors/metabolism ; Transcriptional Elongation Factors/ultrastructure ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/chemistry ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/ultrastructure ; Protein Domains ; RNA, Fungal/biosynthesis ; RNA, Fungal/chemistry ; RNA, Fungal/genetics ; RNA, Fungal/ultrastructure
Chemical Substances	Exoribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; Rai1 protein, S cerevisiae ; RAT1 protein, S cerevisiae (147883-15-6) ; RNA Polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.-) ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Transcriptional Elongation Factors ; SPT5 transcriptional elongation factor (138673-72-0) ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; RNA, Fungal
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-024-07240-3
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Zs.A 26: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 9: Show issues
Zs.MO 244: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain Originating from Cervical Abnormalities.

Zeng, Yuan-Jie

World neurosurgery

2019 Volume 133, Page(s) 248–252

Abstract: Background: Persistent idiopathic facial pain is characterized by persistent facial or oral pain in the absence of a neurologic deficit. This underexplored pain may be conducted by various nerves, including cranial nerves and upper cervical spinal roots, ...

Abstract	Background: Persistent idiopathic facial pain is characterized by persistent facial or oral pain in the absence of a neurologic deficit. This underexplored pain may be conducted by various nerves, including cranial nerves and upper cervical spinal roots, and its etiology is unclear. Case description: A patient presented with persistent idiopathic facial pain associated with occipital muscle stiffness after an improper neck massage. The patient achieved almost complete pain relief by coblation of right upper cervical nerves (C1 and C2 spinal roots) followed by continuous cervical epidural analgesia for a period of 3 weeks. The analgesic effect was stable during the 3-month follow-up period. Conclusions: Persistent idiopathic facial pain may be cervicogenic, and treatments focusing on cervical spinal roots may provide satisfactory pain control in patients with cervical abnormalities.
MeSH term(s)	Ablation Techniques/methods ; Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Cervical Vertebrae/surgery ; Facial Pain/diagnostic imaging ; Facial Pain/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Nerve Roots/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Nerve Roots/surgery ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.056
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Zs.A 1159: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Crosstalk between glucagon-like peptide 1 and gut microbiota in metabolic diseases.

Zeng, Yuan / Wu, Yifan / Zhang, Qian / Xiao, Xinhua

mBio

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e0203223

Abstract: Gut microbiota exert influence on gastrointestinal mucosal permeability, bile acid metabolism, short-chain fatty acid synthesis, dietary fiber fermentation, and farnesoid X receptor/Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) signal transduction. The ... ...

Abstract	Gut microbiota exert influence on gastrointestinal mucosal permeability, bile acid metabolism, short-chain fatty acid synthesis, dietary fiber fermentation, and farnesoid X receptor/Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) signal transduction. The incretin glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is mainly produced by L cells in the gut and regulates postprandial blood glucose. Changes in gut microbiota composition and function have been observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Meanwhile, the function and rhythm of GLP-1 have also been affected in subjects with obesity or T2D. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the link between the gut microbiome and GLP-1. In this review, we describe the interaction between GLP-1 and the gut microbiota in metabolic diseases. On the one hand, gut microbiota metabolites stimulate GLP-1 secretion, and gut microbiota affect GLP-1 function and rhythm. On the other hand, the mechanism of action of GLP-1 on gut microbiota involves the inflammatory response. Additionally, we discuss the effects and mechanism of various interventions, such as prebiotics, probiotics, antidiabetic drugs, and bariatric surgery, on the crosstalk between gut microbiota and GLP-1. Finally, we stress that gut microbiota can be used as a target for metabolic diseases, and the clinical application of GLP-1 receptor agonists should be individualized.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism ; Obesity ; Signal Transduction
Chemical Substances	Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2557172-2
ISSN	2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
ISSN (online)	2150-7511
ISSN	2161-2129
DOI	10.1128/mbio.02032-23
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Article ; Online: The Role of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency in Offspring Obesity: A Narrative Review.

Wu, Yifan / Zeng, Yuan / Zhang, Qian / Xiao, Xinhua

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 3

Abstract: Currently, vitamin D (VD) deficiency during pregnancy is widespread globally, causing unfavorable pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and infants for a longer time than expected, based on the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory. As ...

Abstract	Currently, vitamin D (VD) deficiency during pregnancy is widespread globally, causing unfavorable pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and infants for a longer time than expected, based on the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory. As VD plays a key role in maintaining normal glucose and lipid metabolism, maternal VD deficiency may lead to obesity and other obesity-related diseases among offspring later in life. This review mainly focuses on the effect of maternal VD deficiency on offspring lipid metabolism, reviewing previous clinical and animal studies to determine the effects of maternal VD deficit on offspring obesity and potential mechanisms involved in the progression of offspring obesity. Emerging clinical evidence shows that a low VD level may lead to abnormal growth (either growth restriction or largeness for gestational age) and lipid and glucose metabolism disorders in offspring. Here, we also outline the link between maternal VD deficiency and life-long offspring effects, including the disorder of adipogenesis, the secretion of adipocytokines (including leptin, resistin, and adiponectin), activated systemic inflammation, increased oxidative reactions in adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and abnormal intestinal gut microbiota. Thus, there is an urgent need to take active steps to address maternal VD deficiency to relieve the global burden of obesity.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Animals ; Humans ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/metabolism ; Vitamin D Deficiency/complications ; Vitamin D Deficiency/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Mothers ; Insulin Resistance ; Vitamin D/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15030533
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