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  1. Article ; Online: Liver and spleen predominantly mediate calciprotein particle clearance in a rat model of chronic kidney disease.

    Zeper, Lara W / Bos, Caro / Leermakers, Pieter A / Franssen, Gerben M / Raavé, René / Hoenderop, Joost G J / de Baaij, Jeroen H F

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2024  Volume 326, Issue 4, Page(s) F622–F634

    Abstract: Calciprotein particles (CPPs) provide an efficient mineral buffering system to prevent the complexation of phosphate and calcium in the circulation. However, in chronic kidney disease (CKD), the phosphate load exceeds the mineral buffering capacity, ... ...

    Abstract Calciprotein particles (CPPs) provide an efficient mineral buffering system to prevent the complexation of phosphate and calcium in the circulation. However, in chronic kidney disease (CKD), the phosphate load exceeds the mineral buffering capacity, resulting in the formation of crystalline CPP2 particles. CPP2 have been associated with cardiovascular events and mortality. Moreover, CPP2 have been demonstrated to induce calcification in vitro. In this study, we examined the fate of CPP2 in a rat model of CKD. Calcification was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6-Nx) combined with a high-phosphate diet. Control rats received sham surgery and high-phosphate diet. Twelve weeks after surgery, kidney failure was significantly induced in 5/6-Nx rats as determined by enhanced creatinine and urea plasma levels and abnormal kidney histological architecture. Subsequently, radioactive and fluorescent (FITC)-labeled CPP2 ([
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Animals ; Spleen/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Tissue Distribution ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Calcification/diagnostic imaging ; Vascular Calcification/etiology ; Minerals ; Liver/metabolism ; Phosphates ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (I223NX31W9) ; Minerals ; Phosphates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00239.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Calciprotein Particles Induce Endothelial Dysfunction by Impairing Endothelial Nitric Oxide Metabolism.

    Feenstra, Lian / Kutikhin, Anton G / Shishkova, Daria K / Buikema, Hendrik / Zeper, Lara W / Bourgonje, Arno R / Krenning, Guido / Hillebrands, Jan-Luuk

    Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 443–455

    Abstract: Background: Calciprotein particles (CPPs) are associated with the development of vascular calcifications in chronic kidney disease. The role of endothelial cells (ECs) in this process is unknown. Here, we investigated the interaction of CPPs and ECs, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Calciprotein particles (CPPs) are associated with the development of vascular calcifications in chronic kidney disease. The role of endothelial cells (ECs) in this process is unknown. Here, we investigated the interaction of CPPs and ECs, thereby focusing on endothelial nitric oxide metabolism and oxidative stress.
    Methods: CPPs were generated in calcium- and phosphate-enriched medium. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to different concentrations of CPPs (0-100 µg/mL) for 24 or 72 hours. Ex vivo porcine coronary artery rings were used to measure endothelial cell-dependent vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation after CPP exposure. Serum samples from an early chronic kidney disease cohort (n=245) were analyzed for calcification propensity (measure for CPP formation) and nitrate and nitrite levels (NO
    Results: CPP exposure for 24 hours reduced eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) mRNA expression and decreased nitrite production, indicating reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Also, 24-hour CPP exposure caused increased mitochondria-derived superoxide generation, together with nitrotyrosine protein residue formation. Long-term (72 hours) exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to CPPs induced eNOS uncoupling and decreased eNOS protein expression, indicating further impairment of the nitric oxide pathway. The ex vivo porcine coronary artery model showed a significant reduction in endothelial-dependent vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation after CPP exposure. A negative association was observed between NO
    Conclusions: CPPs cause endothelial cell dysfunction by impairing nitric oxide metabolism and generating oxidative stress. Our findings provide new evidence for direct effects of CPPs on ECs and pathways involved.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Swine ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitrites/metabolism ; Endothelium/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism ; Vascular Diseases ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Nitrites ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III (EC 1.14.13.39)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1221433-4
    ISSN 1524-4636 ; 1079-5642
    ISSN (online) 1524-4636
    ISSN 1079-5642
    DOI 10.1161/ATVBAHA.122.318420
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Magnesium and calciprotein particles in vascular calcification: the good cop and the bad cop.

    Zeper, Lara W / de Baaij, Jeroen H F

    Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    2019  Volume 28, Issue 4, Page(s) 368–374

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Vascular calcification is a major contributor to increased cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, calciprotein particles (CPP) were identified to drive the calcification process. CPP may explain the ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Vascular calcification is a major contributor to increased cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, calciprotein particles (CPP) were identified to drive the calcification process. CPP may explain the effects of high phosphate on vascular calcification. Magnesium is a promising novel therapeutic approach to halt vascular calcification, because it inhibits CPP maturation and is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality in CKD. We aim to examine the current evidence for the role of CPP in the calcification process and to explain how magnesium prevents calcification.
    Recent findings: A recent meta-analysis concluded that reducing high phosphate levels in CKD patients does not associate with lowering cardiovascular mortality. Inhibition of CPP formation prevents phosphate-induced calcification in vitro. Consequently, delaying CPP formation and maturation may be a clinical approach to reduce calcification. Magnesium inhibits CPP maturation and vascular calcification. Clinical pilot studies suggest that magnesium is a promising intervention strategy against calcification in CKD patients.
    Summary: CPP induce vascular calcification and are modulated by serum phosphate and magnesium concentrations. Magnesium is a strong inhibitor of CPP maturation and therefore, a promising therapeutic approach to reduce vascular calcification in CKD. Currently, several studies are being performed to determine the clinical outcomes of magnesium supplementation in CKD.
    MeSH term(s) Calcifying Nanoparticles/physiology ; Calcium/blood ; Humans ; Magnesium/physiology ; Phosphates/blood ; Vascular Calcification/etiology ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Calcifying Nanoparticles ; Phosphates ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein ; Magnesium (I38ZP9992A) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1151092-4
    ISSN 1473-6543 ; 1535-3842 ; 1062-4813 ; 1062-4821
    ISSN (online) 1473-6543 ; 1535-3842
    ISSN 1062-4813 ; 1062-4821
    DOI 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000509
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Calciprotein Particle Synthesis Strategy Determines In Vitro Calcification Potential.

    Zeper, Lara W / Smith, Edward R / Ter Braake, Anique D / Tinnemans, Paul T / de Baaij, Jeroen H F / Hoenderop, Joost G J

    Calcified tissue international

    2022  Volume 112, Issue 1, Page(s) 103–117

    Abstract: Circulating calciprotein particles (CPP), colloids of calcium, phosphate and proteins, were identified as potential drivers of the calcification process in chronic kidney disease. The present study compared CPP produced using different protocols with ... ...

    Abstract Circulating calciprotein particles (CPP), colloids of calcium, phosphate and proteins, were identified as potential drivers of the calcification process in chronic kidney disease. The present study compared CPP produced using different protocols with respect to particle morphology, composition, particle number and in vitro calcification potency. CPP were synthesized with 4.4 mM (CPP-A and B) or 6 mM (CPP-C and D) phosphate and 2.8 mM (CPP-A and B) or 10 mM (CPP-C and D) calcium, with either bovine fetuin-A (CPP-C) or fetal bovine serum (CPP-A, B and D) as a source of protein, and incubated for 7 (CPP-A2) or 14 days (CPP-B2), 12 h (CPP-C2, D2 and B1) or 30 min (CPP-D1). Particle number was determined with nanoparticle tracking and calcium content was measured in CPP preparations and to determine human vascular smooth muscle cell (hVSMC) calcification. Morphologically, CPP-C2 were the largest. Particle number did not correspond to the calcium content of CPP. Both methods of quantification resulted in variable potencies of CPP2 to calcify VSMC, with CPP-B2 as most stable inducer of hVSMC calcification. In contrast, CPP-B1 and D1 were unable to induce calcification of hVSMC, and endogenous CPP derived from pooled serum of dialysis patients were only able to calcify hVSMC to a small extent compared to CPP2.CPP synthesized using different protocols appear morphologically similar, but in vitro calcification potency is dependent on composition and how the CPP are quantified. Synthetic CPP are not comparable to endogenous CPP in terms of the calcification propensity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Calcium/metabolism ; Vascular Calcification/metabolism ; Calcification, Physiologic ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Phosphates ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 304266-2
    ISSN 1432-0827 ; 0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
    ISSN (online) 1432-0827
    ISSN 0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
    DOI 10.1007/s00223-022-01036-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion.

    Hageman, Jeske H J / Keijer, Jaap / Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup / Zeper, Lara W / Carrière, Frédéric / Feitsma, Anouk L / Nieuwenhuizen, Arie G

    Food & function

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) 2102–2113

    Abstract: Background: Bovine milk fat is increasingly used in infant formula (IF). The triacylglycerol (TAG) structure of bovine milk fat might be beneficial for digestion and absorption. We investigated the release of fatty acids (FAs) of IF containing different ...

    Abstract Background: Bovine milk fat is increasingly used in infant formula (IF). The triacylglycerol (TAG) structure of bovine milk fat might be beneficial for digestion and absorption. We investigated the release of fatty acids (FAs) of IF containing different fat blends and compared this to human milk.
    Methods: Fresh human milk was sampled and two IFs were produced; one containing 100% vegetable fat (IF1) and one with 67% bovine milk fat and 33% vegetable fat (IF2). Using a static in vitro infant digestion model, consisting of a gastric and duodenal phase, the time dependent release of individual free fatty acids (FFA) was studied and analysed using GC-MS, and residual TAG levels were determined by GC-FID.
    Results: Human milk and the IFs showed comparable total FA release. In the gastric phase, 4-11% of lipolysis occurred, and mainly short (SCFA)- and medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) were released. In the duodenal phase, lipolysis proceeded with release of C4:0 but was marked by a fast release of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). The digestion of the IFs resulted in different FFA profiles during and at the end of digestion. IF2 gave more release of C4:0-C11:0, which reflects the FA composition of bovine milk.
    Conclusion: The addition of bovine milk fat to IF resulted in a total FA release comparable to an IF with only vegetable fat and human milk. However, it did lead to a different time-dependent release of individual FAs, which might result in differences in absorption and other health effects in vivo.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Digestion ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/chemistry ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Formula/chemistry ; Milk/chemistry ; Milk/metabolism ; Milk, Human/chemistry ; Milk, Human/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Vegetables/chemistry ; Vegetables/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2612033-1
    ISSN 2042-650X ; 2042-6496
    ISSN (online) 2042-650X
    ISSN 2042-6496
    DOI 10.1039/c8fo01940a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Correction: Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion.

    Hageman, Jeske H J / Keijer, Jaap / Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup / Zeper, Lara W / Carrière, Frédéric / Feitsma, Anouk L / Nieuwenhuizen, Arie G

    Food & function

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) 3018–3020

    Abstract: Correction for 'Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion' by Jeske H. J. Hageman et al., Food Funct., 2019, 10, 2102-2113. ...

    Abstract Correction for 'Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion' by Jeske H. J. Hageman et al., Food Funct., 2019, 10, 2102-2113.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2612033-1
    ISSN 2042-650X ; 2042-6496
    ISSN (online) 2042-650X
    ISSN 2042-6496
    DOI 10.1039/c9fo90021g
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Correction: Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion

    Hageman, Jeske H. J / Keijer, Jaap / Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup / Zeper, Lara W / Carrière, Frédéric / Feitsma, Anouk L / Nieuwenhuizen, Arie G

    Food & function. 2019 May 22, v. 10, no. 5

    2019  

    Abstract: Correction for ‘Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion’ by Jeske H. J. Hageman et al., Food Funct., 2019, 10, 2102–2113. ...

    Abstract Correction for ‘Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion’ by Jeske H. J. Hageman et al., Food Funct., 2019, 10, 2102–2113.
    Keywords breast milk ; free fatty acids ; in vitro digestion ; infant formulas ; milk ; vegetables
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0522
    Size p. 3018-3020.
    Publishing place The Royal Society of Chemistry
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2612033-1
    ISSN 2042-650X ; 2042-6496
    ISSN (online) 2042-650X
    ISSN 2042-6496
    DOI 10.1039/c9fo90021g
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase in vitro digestion

    Hageman, Jeske H. J / Keijer, Jaap / Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup / Zeper, Lara W / Carrière, Frédéric / Feitsma, Anouk L / Nieuwenhuizen, Arie G

    Food & function. 2019 Apr. 17, v. 10, no. 4

    2019  

    Abstract: Background: Bovine milk fat is increasingly used in infant formula (IF). The triacylglycerol (TAG) structure of bovine milk fat might be beneficial for digestion and absorption. We investigated the release of fatty acids (FAs) of IF containing different ... ...

    Abstract Background: Bovine milk fat is increasingly used in infant formula (IF). The triacylglycerol (TAG) structure of bovine milk fat might be beneficial for digestion and absorption. We investigated the release of fatty acids (FAs) of IF containing different fat blends and compared this to human milk. Methods: Fresh human milk was sampled and two IFs were produced; one containing 100% vegetable fat (IF1) and one with 67% bovine milk fat and 33% vegetable fat (IF2). Using a static in vitro infant digestion model, consisting of a gastric and duodenal phase, the time dependent release of individual free fatty acids (FFA) was studied and analysed using GC-MS, and residual TAG levels were determined by GC-FID. Results: Human milk and the IFs showed comparable total FA release. In the gastric phase, 4–11% of lipolysis occurred, and mainly short (SCFA)- and medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) were released. In the duodenal phase, lipolysis proceeded with release of C4:0 but was marked by a fast release of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). The digestion of the IFs resulted in different FFA profiles during and at the end of digestion. IF2 gave more release of C4:0–C11:0, which reflects the FA composition of bovine milk. Conclusion: The addition of bovine milk fat to IF resulted in a total FA release comparable to an IF with only vegetable fat and human milk. However, it did lead to a different time-dependent release of individual FAs, which might result in differences in absorption and other health effects in vivo.
    Keywords breast milk ; free fatty acids ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; health effects assessments ; in vitro digestion ; infant formulas ; lipolysis ; long chain fatty acids ; medium chain fatty acids ; milk ; milk fat ; models ; triacylglycerols ; vegetables
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0417
    Size p. 2102-2113.
    Publishing place The Royal Society of Chemistry
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2612033-1
    ISSN 2042-650X ; 2042-6496
    ISSN (online) 2042-650X
    ISSN 2042-6496
    DOI 10.1039/c8fo01940a
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Calciprotein particle inhibition explains magnesium-mediated protection against vascular calcification.

    Ter Braake, Anique D / Eelderink, Coby / Zeper, Lara W / Pasch, Andreas / Bakker, Stephan J L / de Borst, Martin H / Hoenderop, Joost G J / de Baaij, Jeroen H F

    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association

    2019  Volume 35, Issue 5, Page(s) 765–773

    Abstract: Background: Phosphate (Pi) toxicity is a strong determinant of vascular calcification development in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Magnesium (Mg2+) may improve cardiovascular risk via vascular calcification. The mechanism by which Mg2+ counteracts ... ...

    Abstract Background: Phosphate (Pi) toxicity is a strong determinant of vascular calcification development in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Magnesium (Mg2+) may improve cardiovascular risk via vascular calcification. The mechanism by which Mg2+ counteracts vascular calcification remains incompletely described. Here we investigated the effects of Mg2+ on Pi and secondary crystalline calciprotein particles (CPP2)-induced calcification and crystal maturation.
    Methods: Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated with high Pi or CPP2 and supplemented with Mg2+ to study cellular calcification. The effect of Mg2+ on CPP maturation, morphology and composition was studied by medium absorbance, electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. To translate our findings to CKD patients, the effects of Mg2+ on calcification propensity (T50) were measured in sera from CKD patients and healthy controls.
    Results: Mg2+ supplementation prevented Pi-induced calcification in VSMCs. Mg2+ dose-dependently delayed the maturation of primary CPP1 to CPP2 in vitro. Mg2+ did not prevent calcification and associated gene and protein expression when added to already formed CPP2. Confirmatory experiments in human serum demonstrated that the addition of 0.2 mmol/L Mg2+ increased T50 from healthy controls by 51 ± 15 min (P < 0.05) and CKD patients by 44 ± 13 min (P < 0.05). Each further 0.2 mmol/L addition of Mg2+ led to further increases in both groups.
    Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that crystalline CPP2 mediates Pi-induced calcification in VSMCs. In vitro, Mg2+ delays crystalline CPP2 formation and thereby prevents Pi-induced calcification.
    MeSH term(s) Calcium Phosphates/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism ; Vascular Calcification/metabolism ; Vascular Calcification/prevention & control ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances AHSG protein, human ; Calcium Phosphates ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein ; Magnesium (I38ZP9992A)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 90594-x
    ISSN 1460-2385 ; 0931-0509
    ISSN (online) 1460-2385
    ISSN 0931-0509
    DOI 10.1093/ndt/gfz190
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Correction

    Hageman, Jeske H.J. / Keijer, Jaap / Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup / Zeper, Lara W. / Carrière, Frédéric / Feitsma, Anouk L. / Nieuwenhuizen, Arie G.

    Food and Function

    Free fatty acid release from vegetable and bovine milk fat-based infant formulas and human milk during two-phase: In vitro digestion

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 5

    Abstract: The authors regret that the lipid composition of IF1 was reported incorrectly. The percentage of C18:1n-9 should be 42.3%. Since the incorrect value was also used for some calculations, this also affects some of the results: it increases the total amount ...

    Abstract The authors regret that the lipid composition of IF1 was reported incorrectly. The percentage of C18:1n-9 should be 42.3%. Since the incorrect value was also used for some calculations, this also affects some of the results: it increases the total amount of fatty acids in the sample, and consequently the percentage of released FFA is lower. The FFA release (as a percentage of initial composition), both of total FFA and C18:1, is similar for both IFs. One small difference between IF1 and IF2 that was seen when using the incorrect value, i.e. a faster early duodenal digestion for IF1, was found to be no longer statistically significant. This has no consequences for the conclusions of the manuscript. Page 2106 should read " The human milk samples showed less release of FFA during the gastric phase compared to IF1 and IF2 (2.0 ± 0.2% vs. 4.3 ± 0.2% and 4.7 ± 0.1% respectively, p < 0.01). Compared to the amount of FFA released after the digestion, during the gastric phase 4% of FFA were released from human milk, about 10% from IF1, and about 11% from IF2. Except for 45 minutes (p = 0.04), i.e. 15 minutes after the start of the duodenal phase, no differences were found in FFA release between the IFs compared to the human milk samples during this phase. The total release of FAs at the end of the digestion, as percentage of initial composition, was found to be similar for the different samples (43.9 ± 2.0%, 42.2 ± 1.4%, and 52.3 ± 4.5% for IF1, IF2 and human milk respectively, p = 0.14)". The correspondingly updated Fig. 2B, Fig. 5K, Table 2 and Table 3 are as presented below.(Table Persented).
    Keywords Life Science
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2612033-1
    ISSN 2042-650X ; 2042-6496
    ISSN (online) 2042-650X
    ISSN 2042-6496
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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