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Article: Estimating foliar anthocyanin content of purple corn via hyperspectral model

Zhang, Chao

Food Science & Nutrition, 6(3):572-578

2018

Abstract: To date, the foliar anthocyanin content was either determined via the pH differential or HPLC methods, both of which are slow and destructive. Here, a hyperspectral model was established to estimate the foliar anthocyanin content of purple corn (Zea mays ...

Abstract	To date, the foliar anthocyanin content was either determined via the pH differential or HPLC methods, both of which are slow and destructive. Here, a hyperspectral model was established to estimate the foliar anthocyanin content of purple corn (Zea mays L. var. Jingzi No. 1). The reflectivity (P) of the foliar hyperspectral was inverted to 1/P, lg P, 1/lg P, urn:x-wiley:20487177:media:fsn3588:fsn3588-math-0001, urn:x-wiley:20487177:media:fsn3588:fsn3588-math-0002, urn:x-wiley:20487177:media:fsn3588:fsn3588-math-0003, and urn:x-wiley:20487177:media:fsn3588:fsn3588-math-0004. The correlation coefficient between these inversions and the foliar anthocyanin content was plotted against the hyperspectral wavelength. The wavelength of inversions around 650 nm was sensitive to the foliar anthocyanin content. The hyperspectral model was fitted via linear, polynomial, power, exponential, and logarithmic functions with the sensitive band as independent variable and the anthocyanin content as function. The hyperspectral model (y = 3,000,000,000 × W6854.5896) fitted via inversion of urn:x-wiley:20487177:media:fsn3588:fsn3588-math-0005 showed the highest determination coefficients (0.768) among all models. The hyperspectral model was well validated with a determination coefficient of 0.932 and an RMSE of 0.0065. Moreover, the accuracy and stability of the hyperspectral model were further enhanced with a determination coefficient of 0.954 and RMSE of 0.0047 when the anthocyanin content of the sample was below 20 mg/g. Hence, the hyperspectral model estimated the foliar anthocyanin content of purple corn quickly and nondestructively.
Keywords	anthocyanin content ; hyperspectral model ; sensitive band ; pH differential method ; purple corn
Language	English
Document type	Article
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Effect of Thermal Treatments on Quality and Aroma of Watermelon Juice

Zhang, Chao

Journal of food quality, 2018:9242675

2018

Abstract: The effect of thermal treatments on the quality and aroma of watermelon juice was evaluated. Watermelon juice was pasteurized via ultrahigh temperature (UHT, pasteurized at 135°C for 2 s), low temperature long time (LTLT, pasteurized at 60°C for 30 min), ...

Abstract	The effect of thermal treatments on the quality and aroma of watermelon juice was evaluated. Watermelon juice was pasteurized via ultrahigh temperature (UHT, pasteurized at 135°C for 2 s), low temperature long time (LTLT, pasteurized at 60°C for 30 min), and high temperature short time (HTST, pasteurized at 100°C for 5 min), respectively. UHT and LTLT reduced the total flora count and maintained the color of the pasteurized juice, while the HTST led to a significant color difference. A total of 27, 21, 22, and 21 volatiles were identified in the unpasteurized juice, UHT, LTLT, and HTST, respectively. The typical watermelon aroma, including ()-3-nonen-1-ol, (E)-2-nonen-1-ol, 1-nonanal, (2E)-2-nonenal, and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, was abundant in the LTLT. Consequently, the aroma of the LTLT was similar to that of unpasteurized juice. Moreover, the shelf life of the LTLT reached 101 and 14 days at 4 and 25°C, respectively. Hence, the LTLT was the best way to maintain the quality and aroma of watermelon juice.
Language	English
Document type	Article
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Characterization and Comparison of Unfermented and Fermented Seed-Watermelon Juice

Zhang, Chao

Journal of food quality, 4083903

2018

Abstract: Fermented juice was prepared with byproducts (pulp and rind) of seed watermelon (Citrullus lanatus sp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus) for the first time, and its radical scavenging capacity and aroma were compared with those of the corresponding ... ...

Abstract	Fermented juice was prepared with byproducts (pulp and rind) of seed watermelon (Citrullus lanatus sp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus) for the first time, and its radical scavenging capacity and aroma were compared with those of the corresponding unfermented juice. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities of the fermented juice were significantly stronger than those of the unfermented juice. The oxygen radical scavenging capacity of the fermented juice was 60 µM trolox equivalent/mL, which was 7.14% higher than that of the unfermented juice. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis showed a total of 26 and 29 volatiles in unfermented juice and fermented juice, respectively. The content of typical watermelon aroma, including 1-nonanol, 3,6-nonadien-1-ol, nonanal, trans-2-nonenal, and trans,cis-2,6-nonadienal, was reduced from 92.08 mg/L in the unfermented juice to 26.41 mg/L in the fermented juice. Furthermore, isoamylol, ethyl octanoate, ethyl acetate, and ethyl laurate contributed a typical grape-wine bouquet to the fermented juice. Sensory evaluation further confirmed the attractive appearance and watermelon aroma of the fermented juice. Therefore, the fermented seed-watermelon juice showed a strong radical scavenging capacity and presented the typical watermelon aroma with a grape-wine bouquet.
Language	English
Document type	Article
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Effect of ultrahigh temperature treatment on qualities of watermelon juice

Zhang, Chao

Food Science & Nutrition, 6(3):594-601

2018

Abstract: The watermelon juice was pasteurized by the ultrahigh temperature (UHT) treatment, and the qualities of the pasteurized juice were compared to screen the optimal UHT. The UHT of 120 and 135°C inactivated the microbial colonies and maintained the original ...

Abstract	The watermelon juice was pasteurized by the ultrahigh temperature (UHT) treatment, and the qualities of the pasteurized juice were compared to screen the optimal UHT. The UHT of 120 and 135°C inactivated the microbial colonies and maintained the original color of the watermelon juice. The temperature of 120 and 135°C was also maintained the phenolic content by reducing the polyphenoloxidase activity. Moreover, the C9 aldehydes, especially the (E,Z)‐2,6‐nonadienal, presented the main aroma of the watermelon juice. The C9 aldehydes were formed as the results of the heat reduction and enzymatic metabolism. The temperature of 120 and 135°C reduced the alcohol dehydrogenase activity and well maintained the C9 aldehyde content of the watermelon juice. Hence, the temperature of 120°C of the UHT treatment was the optimal temperature for the production of the watermelon juice.
Keywords	(E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; microbial colonies ; polyphenoloxidase ; watermelon ; ultrahigh temperature
Language	English
Document type	Article
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article ; Online: An empirical study on the impact of digital economy development on the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure

Zhang Chao

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 275, p

2021 Volume 01046

Abstract: As an important driving force and new kinetic energy, digital economy is promoting the development of economy in the direction of high quality, and brings new opportunities and challenges to the development of real economy and the upgrading and ... ...

Abstract	As an important driving force and new kinetic energy, digital economy is promoting the development of economy in the direction of high quality, and brings new opportunities and challenges to the development of real economy and the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure. Therefore, this paper measures the digital economy from the two aspects of “digital industrialization” and “industrial digitization”, and selects the data of 30 provinces and cities from 2012 to 2019 to empirically study its impact on the upgrading and optimization of China’s industrial structure. Through the research, it is found that digital economy can indeed improve the level of upgrading and optimization of industrial structure. At the same time, further analysis shows that the degree and mechanism of improving the level of eastern, central and western regions will be different according to different regions. Finally, according to the research results, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of digital economy and the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure in China.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	650
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Potential of the nanoplatform and PROTAC interface to achieve targeted protein degradation through the Ubiquitin-Proteasome system.

Xie, Hanshu / Zhang, Chao

European journal of medicinal chemistry

2024 Volume 267, Page(s) 116168

Abstract: In eukaryotic cells, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a crucial role in selectively breaking down specific proteins. The ability of the UPS to target proteins effectively and expedite their removal has significantly contributed to the ... ...

Abstract	In eukaryotic cells, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a crucial role in selectively breaking down specific proteins. The ability of the UPS to target proteins effectively and expedite their removal has significantly contributed to the evolution of UPS-based targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategies. In particular, proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are an immensely promising tool due to their high efficiency, extensive target range, and negligible drug resistance. This breakthrough has overcome the limitations posed by traditionally "non-druggable" proteins. However, their high molecular weight and constrained solubility impede the delivery of PROTACs. Fortunately, the field of nanomedicine has experienced significant growth, enabling the delivery of PROTACs through nanoscale drug-delivery systems, which effectively improves the stability, solubility, drug distribution, tissue-specific accumulation, and stimulus-responsive release of PROTACs. This article reviews the mechanism of action attributed to PROTACs and their potential implications for clinical applications. Moreover, we present strategies involving nanoplatforms for the effective delivery of PROTACs and evaluate recent advances in targeting nanoplatforms to the UPS. Ultimately, an assessment is conducted to determine the feasibility of utilizing PROTACs and nanoplatforms for UPS-based TPD. The primary aim of this review is to provide innovative, reliable solutions to overcome the current challenges obstructing the effective use of PROTACs in the management of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, this is a promising technology for improving the treatment status of major diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; Proteolysis ; Ubiquitin ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
Chemical Substances	Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex (EC 3.4.25.1) ; Ubiquitin ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	188597-2
ISSN	1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
ISSN (online)	1768-3254
ISSN	0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
DOI	10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116168
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Article ; Online: Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 accentuates cholangiocarcinoma progression via mTORC1-mediated glycolysis.

Zhang, Chao / Qin, Chengkun

Human cell

2024 Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) 739–751

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the expression of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) in cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) and elucidate its potential impact as well as the underlying mechanisms governing the progression of CHOL. In this study, we used ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to investigate the expression of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) in cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) and elucidate its potential impact as well as the underlying mechanisms governing the progression of CHOL. In this study, we used CHOL cells (HUCCT1, RBE, and CCLP1) and conducted a series of experiments, including qRT-PCR, cell counting kit-8 assays, EdU assays, flow cytometry, wound healing assays, Transwell assays, western blotting, double luciferase assays, and ELISA. Subsequently, a mouse model was established using cancer cell injections. Haematoxylin-eosin staining, along with Ki67 and TUNEL assays, were employed to assess tissue histopathology, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Our findings revealed significantly elevated PRC1 expression in CHOL. According to bioinformatics analysis, it was found that the increased PRC1 level is correlated with the high tumour grades, metastases, and unfavourable prognoses. Notably, PRC1 knockdown inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis in CHOL cells. Analysing TCGA-CHOL data and utilising transcription factor prediction tools (hTFtarget and HumanTFDB), we identified that genes positively correlated with PRC1 in TCGA-CHOL intersect with predicted transcription factors, revealing the activation of PRC1 by forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1). Moreover, PRC1 was found to exert regulatory control over glycolysis and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway in the context of CHOL based on KEGG and GSEA analysis. Collectively, these results underscore the pivotal role of PRC1 in CHOL progression, wherein it modulates glycolysis and the mTORC1 pathway under the regulatory influence of FOXM1.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Cytokinesis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cholangiocarcinoma/genetics ; Cholangiocarcinoma/pathology ; Cell Proliferation/genetics ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/genetics ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/pathology ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/pathology ; Glycolysis/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Mammals
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1149134-6
ISSN	1749-0774 ; 0914-7470
ISSN (online)	1749-0774
ISSN	0914-7470
DOI	10.1007/s13577-024-01032-7
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Article: Guillain-Barré syndrome after surgery: a literature review.

Li, Xiaowen / Zhang, Chao

Frontiers in neurology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1368706

Abstract: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare postoperative complication that is sometimes characterized by serious motor weakness and prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation. Although the exact nature of the relationship between GBS and the surgical ... ...

Abstract	Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare postoperative complication that is sometimes characterized by serious motor weakness and prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation. Although the exact nature of the relationship between GBS and the surgical procedure is still unclear, there is a clear increased incidence of GBS in post-surgical patients compared to non-surgical patients. GBS after surgery is unique in several ways. The course of post-surgical GBS unfolds more rapidly than in other situations where GBS develops, the condition is often more severe, and respiratory muscles are more commonly involved. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential, and the condition can worsen if treated inappropriately. Postoperative sedation, intubation, and restraint use make the diagnosis of GBS difficult, as the onset of symptoms of weakness or numbness in those contexts are not obvious. GBS is often misdiagnosed, being attributed to other postoperative complications, and subsequently mishandled. The lack of relevant information further obscures the clinical picture. We sought to better understand post-surgical GBS by performing an analysis of the relevant literature, focusing on clearly documenting the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management of GBS that emerges following surgery. We underscore the importance of physicians being aware of the possibility of GBS after major surgery and of performing a variety of laboratory clinical investigations early on in suspected cases.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2024.1368706
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Article: Children's Health and Typology of Family Integration and Regulation: A Functionalist Analysis.

Yang, Xiaozhao / Zhang, Chao

Children (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 10, Issue 3

Abstract: Rationale: Children's health is conventionally studied as an ultimate consequence resulting from various social and biological processes that jointly channel the risk factors and pathogens toward an individual health outcome. What is currently neglected ...

Abstract	Rationale: Children's health is conventionally studied as an ultimate consequence resulting from various social and biological processes that jointly channel the risk factors and pathogens toward an individual health outcome. What is currently neglected is the rich tradition of a functionalist analysis of children's health as a necessary function in the family institution. Children's health may be associated with how children are integrated into the family's core functioning and how parents regulate children's behaviors. Methods: The current study used a cross-sectional sample of 891 parents from 2018 southern Jiangsu and surveyed information about children's health and family activities. Employing a latent class analysis, we established four types of families based on children's integration and parental regulation: loose, free, pressed, and concerted. Results: The regression results showed that a child's health is associated with the concerted family type (OR = 3.6, Conclusion: This study broadens the perspective on children's health by ushering back functionalism and placing health in its social implications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2732685-8
ISSN	2227-9067
ISSN	2227-9067
DOI	10.3390/children10030494
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Article ; Online: Role of noncoding RNAs in orthodontic tooth movement: new insights into periodontium remodeling.

Chen, Yuming / Zhang, Chao

Journal of translational medicine

2023 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 101

Abstract: Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is biologically based on the spatiotemporal remodeling process in periodontium, the mechanisms of which remain obscure. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, play a pivotal role in ... ...

Abstract	Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is biologically based on the spatiotemporal remodeling process in periodontium, the mechanisms of which remain obscure. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, play a pivotal role in maintaining periodontal homeostasis at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic levels. Under force stimuli, mechanosensitive ncRNAs with altered expression levels transduce mechanical load to modulate intracellular genes. These ncRNAs regulate the biomechanical responses of periodontium in the catabolic, anabolic, and coupling phases throughout OTM. To achieve this, down or upregulated ncRNAs actively participate in cell proliferation, differentiation, autophagy, inflammatory, immune, and neurovascular responses. This review highlights the regulatory mechanism of fine-tuning ncRNAs in periodontium remodeling during OTM, laying the foundation for safe, precise, and personalized orthodontic treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Tooth Movement Techniques ; Bone Remodeling/physiology ; Periodontal Ligament ; Periodontium ; MicroRNAs/genetics
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2118570-0
ISSN	1479-5876 ; 1479-5876
ISSN (online)	1479-5876
ISSN	1479-5876
DOI	10.1186/s12967-023-03951-9
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