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Article ; Online: Landscape Aesthetic Value of Waterfront Green Space Based on Space-Psychology-Behavior Dimension: A Case Study along Qiantang River (Hangzhou Section).

Liu, Xiaojia / Chen, Xi / Huang, Yan / Wang, Weihong / Zhang, Mingkan / Jin, Yang

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 4

Abstract: As an important part of urban green infrastructure, the landscape effect of the urban waterfront green space varies, and sometimes, the green space with an excellent landscape aesthetic value fails to serve the needs of most citizens. This seriously ... ...

Abstract	As an important part of urban green infrastructure, the landscape effect of the urban waterfront green space varies, and sometimes, the green space with an excellent landscape aesthetic value fails to serve the needs of most citizens. This seriously affects the construction of a green ecological civilization and the implementation of the concept of "common prosperity" in China. Based on multi-source data, this study took the Qiantang River Basin as an example, selected 12 representative waterfront green spaces along the river as the research objects, and used qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to determine the landscape aesthetic value of the research area from the different dimensions of space, psychology, and physiology. We examined the relationship between each dimension so as to objectively and comprehensively reflect the landscape value characteristics of the waterfront green space in the study area and provide a reasonable theoretical framework and practical development path for future urban waterfront green space landscape design. We obtained the following results: (1) The results of the spatial dimension research indicated that the spatial value index of the waterfront green space in the study area was three-dimensional space > vertical space > horizontal space, and the overall spatial value was low; Qianjiang Ecological Park obtained the highest value (0.5473), and Urban Balcony Park obtained the lowest value (0.4619). (2) The results of the psychological dimension indicated that people's perceptions of the waterfront green space in the study area were relatively weak, mainly focusing on visual perception, but the waterfront green space with a relative emotional value greater than one accounted for 75%, and the overall recognition of the landscape was high. (3) The results of the behavioral dimension showed that the overall heat of the waterfront green space in the study area was insufficient (1.3719-7.1583), which was mainly concentrated in low-heat levels, and the population density was unevenly distributed (0.0014-0.0663), which was mainly concentrated in the medium-density level. The main purpose of users was to visit, and they stayed an average of 1.5 h. (4) The results of the coupling coordination analysis of the spatial-psychological-behavioral dimensions showed that the landscape value of the waterfront green space in the study area presented a form of 'high coupling degree and low coordination degree'.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Parks, Recreational ; Rivers ; China ; Spatial Behavior ; Cities
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20043115
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Multizonal modeling of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol dispersion in a virtual office building.

Shrestha, Prateek / DeGraw, Jason W / Zhang, Mingkan / Liu, Xiaobing

Building and environment

2021 Volume 206, Page(s) 108347

Abstract: The dispersion of indoor airborne contaminants across different zones within a mechanically ventilated building is a complex phenomenon driven by multiple factors. In this study, we modeled the indoor dispersion of airborne SARS-CoV-2 aerosols within a ... ...

Abstract	The dispersion of indoor airborne contaminants across different zones within a mechanically ventilated building is a complex phenomenon driven by multiple factors. In this study, we modeled the indoor dispersion of airborne SARS-CoV-2 aerosols within a US Department of Energy detailed medium office prototype building using CONTAM software. The aim of this study is to improve our understanding about how different parts of a building can experience varying concentrations of the airborne viruses under different circumstances of release and mitigation strategies. Results indicate that unventilated stairwells can have significantly higher concentrations of airborne viruses. The mitigation strategies of morning and evening flushing of conditioned zones were not found to be very effective. Instead, a constant high percentage of outdoor air in the supply mix, and the use of masks, portable HEPA air cleaners, MERV 13 or higher HVAC air filters, and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation disinfection were effective strategies to prevent airborne viral contamination in the majority of the simulated office building.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0360-1323
ISSN	0360-1323
DOI	10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108347
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Article: Ultra-clean condensing gas furnace enabled with acidic gas reduction

Gao, Zhiming / Gluesenkamp, Kyle / Gehl, Anthony / Pihl, Josh / LaClair, Tim / Zhang, Mingkan / Sulejmanovic, Dino / Munk, Jeffrey / Nawaz, Kashif

Elsevier Ltd Energy. 2022 Mar. 15, v. 243

2022

Abstract: Natural gas furnaces are the most common space heating equipment in the U.S. residential and commercial building markets. However, current residential natural gas condensing furnaces generate substantial acidic condensate as well as significant emissions ...

Abstract	Natural gas furnaces are the most common space heating equipment in the U.S. residential and commercial building markets. However, current residential natural gas condensing furnaces generate substantial acidic condensate as well as significant emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and methane (CH₄) contributing to environmental degradation of air, water, and soil. This paper describes a novel solution to reduce the environmental impact of natural gas condensing furnaces based on the technology of monolithic acidic gas reduction (AGR) catalyst for SOx trapping, NOx redox to nitrogen, and oxidation of formic acid, CO, HC, and CH₄. This technology offers a new condensing natural gas furnace with both ultra-clean flue gas and neutral condensate. A prototype of the condensing gas furnace with the AGR component is demonstrated to have condensate with pH = 7, NOx emissions of 1–2 ng/J, and an annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE) of 96%. The AGR component and the AGR-enabled furnace were tested for long-term reliability and durability, as well as for SOx storage and regeneration activity. In addition, this paper provides new data on measurements of the specific acidic gas content in natural gas condensing furnaces.
Keywords	air ; carbon monoxide ; catalysts ; condensates ; durability ; energy ; environmental degradation ; environmental impact ; equipment ; flue gas ; formic acid ; furnaces ; methane ; natural gas ; nitrogen ; oxidation ; pH ; prototypes ; soil ; sulfur
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0315
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2019804-8
ISSN	0360-5442 ; 0360-5442
ISSN (online)	0360-5442
ISSN	0360-5442
DOI	10.1016/j.energy.2021.123068
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: COVID 19 vaccine distribution solution to the last mile challenge: Experimental and simulation studies of ultra-low temperature refrigeration system.

Sun, Jian / Zhang, Mingkan / Gehl, Anthony / Fricke, Brian / Nawaz, Kashif / Gluesenkamp, Kyle / Shen, Bo / Munk, Jeff / Hagerman, Joe / Lapsa, Melissa

Revue internationale du froid

2021 Volume 133, Page(s) 313–325

Abstract: Most COVID-19 vaccines require ambient temperature control for transportation and storage. Both Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. The Pfizer vaccine requires ultra-low temperature ... ...

Abstract	Most COVID-19 vaccines require ambient temperature control for transportation and storage. Both Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. The Pfizer vaccine requires ultra-low temperature storage (between -80 °C and -60 °C), while the Moderna vaccine requires -30 °C storage. Pfizer has designed a reusable package for transportation and storage that can keep the vaccine at the target temperature for 10 days. However, the last stage of distribution is quite challenging, especially for rural or suburban areas, where local towns, pharmacy chains and hospitals may not have the infrastructure required to store the vaccine. Also, the need for a large amount of ultra-low temperature refrigeration equipment in a short time period creates tremendous pressure on the equipment suppliers. In addition, there is limited data available to address ancillary challenges of the distribution framework for both transportation and storage stages. As such, there is a need for a quick, effective, secure, and safe solution to mitigate the challenges faced by vaccine distribution logistics. The study proposes an effective, secure, and safe ultra-low temperature refrigeration solution to resolve the vaccine distribution last mile challenge. The approach is to utilize commercially available products, such as refrigeration container units, and retrofit them to meet the vaccine storage temperature requirement. Both experimental and simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the technical merits of this solution with the ability to control temperature at -30 °C or -70 °C as part of the last mile supply chain for vaccine candidates.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0140-7007
ISSN	0140-7007
DOI	10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2021.11.005
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Article: Computational fluid dynamics simulation of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol dispersion inside a grocery store.

Zhang, Mingkan / Shrestha, Prateek / Liu, Xiaobing / Turnaoglu, Tugba / DeGraw, Jason / Schafer, Dustin / Love, Nathan

Building and environment

2021 Volume 209, Page(s) 108652

Abstract: Grocery stores provide essential services to communities all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated better understanding of the transport and dynamics of aerosolized viruses, particularly for the assessment of infection transmission risk ... ...

Abstract	Grocery stores provide essential services to communities all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated better understanding of the transport and dynamics of aerosolized viruses, particularly for the assessment of infection transmission risk within grocery stores and for other providers of essential services. In this study, a 3D computational fluid dynamics model was developed for a medium-sized grocery store in the United States using Ansys Fluent software. Different cases were simulated of a single infected person releasing viral aerosols with and without wearing a face mask. Results showed characteristic airflow and temperature distribution patterns inside the store that can drive the indoor dispersal of viral aerosols. Unsteady spatial distribution of mean age of air was used as a metric to indirectly quantify areas of higher risk of infection. Several factors affected the localization of suspended viral aerosols. Major recirculation patterns in certain locations of the store caused by persistent eddies were primarily attributed to increased mean age of air. The maximum mean age of air in the grocery store was found to be less than 30 min. Simulation results indicate that, without wearing a face mask, the aerosol particles released from a coughing infected person can be spread throughout nearly one-quarter of the grocery store in less than 6 min. The source-control strategy with a face mask showed significant reduction of viral aerosols being dispersed indoors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0360-1323
ISSN	0360-1323
DOI	10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108652
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Article ; Online: A numerical analysis of a magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer regenerator.

Zhang, Mingkan / Abdelaziz, Omar / Momen, Ayyoub M / Abu-Heiba, Ahmad

Scientific reports

2017 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 13962

Abstract: A numerical analysis was conducted to study a room temperature magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer parallel plates active magnetic regenerator (AMR). Sixteen layers of LaFeMnSiH having different Curie temperatures were employed as magnetocaloric ... ...

Abstract	A numerical analysis was conducted to study a room temperature magnetocaloric refrigerator with a 16-layer parallel plates active magnetic regenerator (AMR). Sixteen layers of LaFeMnSiH having different Curie temperatures were employed as magnetocaloric material (MCM) in the regenerator. Measured properties data was used. A transient one dimensional (1D) model was employed, in which a unique numerical method was developed to significantly accelerate the simulation speed of the multi-layer AMR system. As a result, the computation speed of a multi-layer AMR case was very close to the single-layer configuration. The performance of the 16-layer AMR system in different frequencies and utilizations has been investigated using this model. To optimize the layer length distribution of the 16-layer MCMs in the regenerator, a set of 137 simulations with different MCM distributions based on the Design of Experiments (DoE) method was conducted and the results were analyzed. The results show that the 16-layer AMR system can operate up to 84% of Carnot cycle COP at a temperature span of 41 K, which cannot be obtained using an AMR with fewer layers. The DoE results indicate that for a 16-layer AMR system, the uniform distribution is very close to the optimized design.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-017-14406-9
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Article ; Online: Dataset of ultralow temperature refrigeration for COVID 19 vaccine distribution solution.

Sun, Jian / Zhang, Mingkan / Gehl, Anthony / Fricke, Brian / Nawaz, Kashif / Gluesenkamp, Kyle / Shen, Bo / Munk, Jeff / Hagerman, Joe / Lapsa, Melissa / Awwad, Nader / Recipe, Chris / Auyer, Doug / Brisson, David

Scientific data

2022 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 67

Abstract: Most COVID-19 vaccines require temperature control for transportation and storage. Two types of vaccine have been developed by manufacturers (Pfizer and Moderna). Both vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. ... ...

Abstract	Most COVID-19 vaccines require temperature control for transportation and storage. Two types of vaccine have been developed by manufacturers (Pfizer and Moderna). Both vaccines are based on mRNA and lipid nanoparticles requiring low temperature storage. The Pfizer vaccine requires ultra-low temperature storage (-80 °C to -60 °C), while the Moderna vaccine requires -30 °C storage. However, the last stage of distribution is quite challenging, especially for rural or suburban areas, where local towns, pharmacy chains and hospitals may not have the infrastructure required to store the vaccine at the required temperature. In addition, there is limited data available to address ancillary challenges of the distribution framework for both transportation and storage stages, including safety concerns due to human exposure to large amounts of CO
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Ice ; Refrigeration ; Temperature
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Ice ; Lipid Nanoparticles
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Dataset ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2775191-0
ISSN	2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
ISSN (online)	2052-4463
ISSN	2052-4463
DOI	10.1038/s41597-022-01167-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Multiscale solute transport upscaling for a three-dimensional hierarchical porous medium

Zhang, Mingkan / Zhang, Ye

Water resources research

2015 Volume 51, Issue 3, Page(s) 1688

Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	5564-5
ISSN	0043-1397
DOI	10.1002/2014WR016202
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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Article: A microfluidic chip with double-sided herringbone microstructures for enhanced capture of rare tumor cells

Wang, Minjiao / Wang, Zhihua / Zhang, Mingkan / Guo, Wei / Li, Ning / Deng, Yuliang / Shi, Qihui

Journal of materials chemistry B. 2017 Nov. 29, v. 5, no. 46

2017

Abstract: A microfluidic chip with single-sided herringbone microstructure has been developed to isolate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood samples of cancer patients. Here, we describe a new double-sided herringbone chip in which staggered herringbone ... ...

Abstract	A microfluidic chip with single-sided herringbone microstructure has been developed to isolate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood samples of cancer patients. Here, we describe a new double-sided herringbone chip in which staggered herringbone micromixers are placed on both top and bottom surfaces of microchannels. The double-sided herringbone structure enables a high CTC capture efficiency of whole blood samples without depletion of red blood cells because of the effects of leukocyte margination and plasma skimming. However, compared with the traditional single-sided herringbone chip, the double-sided herringbone chip has more complicated geometrical design, leading to a difficulty in experimental optimization of geometrical parameters. In this study, we developed an analytical model to geometrically optimize the herringbone chip by investigating the interactions between cells and antibody-immobilized device surfaces for enhancing CTC capture efficiency. On-chip cell capture experiments for validating modeling results were performed by spiking cultured EpCAM-positive tumor cells into blood samples from healthy donors. Based on the geometrical parameters optimized from the single-sided herringbone chip, the geometrically optimized double-sided herringbone chip enables a capture efficiency of 94 ± 4% of rare tumor cells directly from whole blood.
Keywords	blood sampling ; erythrocytes ; leukocytes ; microstructure ; models ; neoplasm cells ; neoplasms ; organ-on-a-chip ; patients
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-1129
Size	p. 9114-9120.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2702241-9
ISSN	2050-7518 ; 2050-750X
ISSN (online)	2050-7518
ISSN	2050-750X
DOI	10.1039/c7tb02318a
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Ion transport and selectivity in biomimetic nanopores with pH-tunable zwitterionic polyelectrolyte brushes.

Zeng, Zhenping / Yeh, Li-Hsien / Zhang, Mingkan / Qian, Shizhi

Nanoscale

2015 Volume 7, Issue 40, Page(s) 17020–17029

Abstract: Inspired by nature, functionalized nanopores with biomimetic structures have attracted growing interests in using them as novel platforms for applications of regulating ion and nanoparticle transport. To improve these emerging applications, we study ... ...

Abstract	Inspired by nature, functionalized nanopores with biomimetic structures have attracted growing interests in using them as novel platforms for applications of regulating ion and nanoparticle transport. To improve these emerging applications, we study theoretically for the first time the ion transport and selectivity in short nanopores functionalized with pH tunable, zwitterionic polyelectrolyte (PE) brushes. In addition to background salt ions, the study takes into account the presence of H(+) and OH(-) ions along with the chemistry reactions between functional groups on PE chains and protons. Due to ion concentration polarization, the charge density of PE layers is not homogeneously distributed and depends significantly on the background salt concentration, pH, grafting density of PE chains, and applied voltage bias, thereby resulting in many interesting and unexpected ion transport phenomena in the nanopore. For example, the ion selectivity of the biomimetic nanopore can be regulated from anion-selective (cation-selective) to cation-selective (anion-selective) by diminishing (raising) the solution pH when a sufficiently small grafting density of PE chains, large voltage bias, and low background salt concentration are applied.
MeSH term(s)	Biomimetic Materials/chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ion Transport ; Nanopores
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2515664-0
ISSN	2040-3372 ; 2040-3364
ISSN (online)	2040-3372
ISSN	2040-3364
DOI	10.1039/c5nr05828g
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