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Article ; Online: Development of a nomogram for predicting myopia risk among school-age children: a case-control study.

Mu, Jingfeng / Zhong, Haoxi / Jiang, Mingjie / Wang, Jiantao / Zhang, Shaochong

2024 Volume 56, Issue 1, Page(s) 2331056

Abstract: Objectives: To analyze the factors influencing myopia and construct a nomogram to forecast the risk of myopia among school-age children, providing a reference for identifying high-risk groups to aid prevention and control.: Methods: This case-control ...

Abstract	Objectives: To analyze the factors influencing myopia and construct a nomogram to forecast the risk of myopia among school-age children, providing a reference for identifying high-risk groups to aid prevention and control. Methods: This case-control study enrolled 3512 students from three primary schools in Shenzhen using random cluster sampling for a questionnaire survey, myopia screening and ocular biometric parameter measurement. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of myopia, and a nomogram was constructed to forecast myopia risk. Bootstrap resampling was used to verify the practicability of the nomogram. Results: Older age (odds ratio[OR] = 1.164; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.111-1.219), female sex (OR = 2.405; 95% CI: 2.003-2.887), maternal myopia (OR = 1.331; 95% CI: 1.114-1.589), incorrect posture during reading and writing (OR = 1.283; 95% CI: 1.078-1.528) and axial length (OR = 7.708; 95% CI: 6.044-8.288) are risk factors for myopia, whereas an increase in corneal radius (OR = 0.036; 95% CI: 0.025-0.052) is a protective factor against myopia. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the nomogram was 0.857, and the net benefit was high when the risk threshold of the decision curve analyses (DCA) ranged from 0.20 to 1.00. The measured values were consistent with the prediction. Conclusion: The nomogram was accurate in predicting the risk of myopia among schoolchildren. This study provides a reference for screening high-risk students and for individualized myopia prevention and control.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Female ; Nomograms ; Case-Control Studies ; Students ; Risk Factors ; Myopia/diagnosis ; Myopia/epidemiology ; Myopia/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1004226-x
ISSN	1365-2060 ; 1651-2219 ; 0785-3890 ; 1743-1387
ISSN (online)	1365-2060 ; 1651-2219
ISSN	0785-3890 ; 1743-1387
DOI	10.1080/07853890.2024.2331056
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Article: Editorial: Novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for retinal diseases, volume II.

Fang, Dong / Wang, Yun / Lei, Hetian / Zhang, Shaochong

Frontiers in medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1234119

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2023.1234119
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Article ; Online: A new segmentation algorithm for peripapillary atrophy and optic disk from ultra-widefield Photographs

Wan, Cheng / Fang, Jiyi / Li, Kunke / Zhang, Qing / Zhang, Shaochong / Yang, Weihua

Computers in biology and medicine

2024 Volume 172, Page(s) 108281

Abstract: Background and objective: The prevalence of myopia and high myopia is increasing globally, underscoring the growing importance of diagnosing high myopia-related pathologies. While existing image segmentation models, such as U-Net, UNet++, ResU-Net, and ... ...

Abstract	Background and objective: The prevalence of myopia and high myopia is increasing globally, underscoring the growing importance of diagnosing high myopia-related pathologies. While existing image segmentation models, such as U-Net, UNet++, ResU-Net, and TransUNet, have achieved significant success in medical image segmentation, they still face challenges when dealing with ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus images. This study introduces a novel automatic segmentation algorithm for the optic disc and peripapillary atrophy (PPA) based on UWF fundus images, aimed at assisting ophthalmologists in more accurately diagnosing high myopia-related diseases. Methods: In this study, we developed a segmentation model leveraging a Transformer-based network structure, complemented by atrous convolution and selective boundary aggregation modules, to elevate the accuracy of segmenting the optic disc and PPA in UWF photography. The atrous convolution module adeptly manages multi-scale features, catering to the variances in target sizes and expanding the deep network's receptive field. Concurrently, the incorporation of the selective boundary aggregation module in the skip connections of the model significantly improves the differentiation of boundary information between segmentation targets. Moreover, the comparison of our proposed algorithm with classical segmentation models like U-Net, UNet++, ResU-Net, and TransUNet highlights its considerable advantages in processing UWF photographs. Results: The experimental results show that, compared to the other four models, our algorithm demonstrates substantial improvements in segmenting the optic disc and PPA in UWF photographs. In PPA segmentation, our algorithm improves by 0.8% in Dice, 1.8% in sensitivity, and 1.3% in intersection over union (IOU). In optic disc segmentation, our algorithm improves by 0.3% in Dice, 0.6% in precision, and 0.4% in IOU. Conclusion: Our proposed method improves the segmentation accuracy of PPA and optic disks based on UWF photographs, which is valuable for diagnosing high myopia-related diseases in ophthalmology clinics.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Optic Disk/diagnostic imaging ; Optic Disk/pathology ; Fundus Oculi ; Algorithms ; Myopia/diagnosis ; Myopia/pathology ; Atrophy/pathology ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	127557-4
ISSN	1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
ISSN (online)	1879-0534
ISSN	0010-4825
DOI	10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108281
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Article ; Online: An anti-GD2 aptamer-based bifunctional spherical nucleic acid nanoplatform for synergistic therapy targeting MDM2 for retinoblastoma.

Wang, Shijing / Zhao, Yan / Yao, Fei / Wei, Pengxue / Ma, Lan / Zhang, Shaochong

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

2024 Volume 174, Page(s) 116437

Abstract: Retinoblastoma (RB) is a type of pediatric solid tumor in the fundus. The lack of precision therapies combined with the difficulty of delivering small interfering RNA (siRNA) into the eyes means that there is currently no nucleic acid-based therapy for ... ...

Abstract	Retinoblastoma (RB) is a type of pediatric solid tumor in the fundus. The lack of precision therapies combined with the difficulty of delivering small interfering RNA (siRNA) into the eyes means that there is currently no nucleic acid-based therapy for RB in clinical practice. Here, we reported on anti-GD2 and glutathione-responsive spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), loaded with siRNA and the inhibitor NVP-CGM097, which jointly blocked the oncogenic factor n in RB cells (Y79 and WERI-RB-1). The SNAs were formed through the self-assembly of bifunctional cholesterol amphiphiles containing aptamers that specifically targeted GD2-positive RB cells, allowing for the formation of an SNA with a dense DNA shell. The aptamer/siRNA component functioned both as a carrier and a payload, enhancing the specific recognition and delivery of both components and constituting an active agent for MDM2 regulation. Following SNA endocytosis by RB cells, siRNA and NVP-CGM097 were released from the SNA particles by glutathione, which synergistically blocked the MDM2-p53 pathway, increasing p53 protein content and inducing cell apoptosis. This study showed a potent antitumor effect following intravitreal injection of SNAs in Y79 tumor-bearing mice through clinical manifestation and tumor pathological analysis. In hematological analysis and hepatotoxicity assays, SNAs were safer for mice than melphalan, the favored drug for treating RB in clinical practice. Our results illustrated the potential of intravitreally injected SNAs as a precision medicine for treating RB.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/antagonists & inhibitors ; Retinal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Retinal Neoplasms/pathology ; Retinal Neoplasms/metabolism ; Retinal Neoplasms/genetics ; Retinoblastoma/drug therapy ; Retinoblastoma/pathology ; Retinoblastoma/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/administration & dosage ; RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Female
Chemical Substances	Aptamers, Nucleotide ; MDM2 protein, human (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 (EC 2.3.2.27) ; RNA, Small Interfering
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-24
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392415-4
ISSN	1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
ISSN (online)	1950-6007
ISSN	0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116437
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Article ; Online: Age-period-cohort analysis of the global burden of visual impairment according to major causes: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Chen, Jianqi / Zhu, Yingting / Li, Zhidong / Zhuo, Xiaohua / Zhang, Shaochong / Zhuo, Yehong

The British journal of ophthalmology

2024

Abstract: Background: Cataract, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are major causes of visual impairment. As these are age-related conditions, the prevalence of associated visual impairment is anticipated to increase as the population ages. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cataract, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are major causes of visual impairment. As these are age-related conditions, the prevalence of associated visual impairment is anticipated to increase as the population ages. However, age-period-cohort effects on the disease burden have not been investigated. Methods: This was a population-based study using aggregated data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age-period-cohort analysis was conducted using age-standardised prevalence rates (ASPRs) of visual impairment caused by cataract, glaucoma and AMD as disease burden indicator. Results: In 2019, the estimated global ASPRs of visual impairment due to cataract, glaucoma and AMD were 1207.9, 94.7 and 96.8 per 100 000 people, respectively. Between 1990 and 2019, the global visual impairment ASPRs for glaucoma and AMD declined by 15.4% and 2.0%, respectively, whereas that for cataract increased by 5.0%. Wide heterogeneity was observed in age-period-cohort effects on ASPRs across different Sociodemographic Index (SDI) regions. Low-middle SDI regions had the largest ASPR reductions for all three eye diseases and showed improvement in both period and cohort effects. In contrast, in high-middle SDI regions, visual impairment ASPRs significantly increased during the study period with unfavourable patterns. Conclusions: The wide heterogeneity in age-period-cohort effects reflects different stages of societal transition and vision health. The unfavourable trends in age-period-cohort effects on disease prevalence identified in specific groups provide key information that may be used to identify priority groups in need of treatment and prevention.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80078-8
ISSN	1468-2079 ; 0007-1161
ISSN (online)	1468-2079
ISSN	0007-1161
DOI	10.1136/bjo-2023-324086
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Article ; Online: An animal study on the effect of topically administered ambroxol for dry eye.

Wang, Zixuan / Yu, Li / Zhang, Shaochong / Wang, Zhenhan / Wang, Mingwu

Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)

2023 Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of 0.2% ambroxol eye drop on tear secretion and corneal healing on a rabbit dry eye model, and to delineate potential underlying mechanisms.: Materials and method: A mixed mechanism dry eye model was created using 12 ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate the effect of 0.2% ambroxol eye drop on tear secretion and corneal healing on a rabbit dry eye model, and to delineate potential underlying mechanisms. Materials and method: A mixed mechanism dry eye model was created using 12 healthy New Zealand rabbits by excision of the main lacrimal glands, Harderian gland and nictitating membrane. Establishment of the model was confirmed by the decrease of Schirmer I and increase of corneal fluorescein staining scores. Two weeks after model creation, the rabbits were randomly and evenly divided into NaCl, 0.1% sodium hyaluronate and 0.2% ambroxol groups. Each group was administered the respective eye drops 4 times a day for four weeks. The Schirmer I test and corneal fluorescein staining were performed at two and four weeks. After four weeks of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the conjunctiva and eyelid specimens collected. Inflammatory factors IL-8, TNF-α, and goblet cell specific mucin MUC5AC were measured by ELISA while the lid meibomian gland was evaluated by oil red O staining. Results: Compared with the baseline, 2 weeks after the surgery, Schirmer I test value decreased significantly (20.35 ± 5.18 mm/5 min vs 13.95 ± 4.64 mm/5 min, Conclusion: The present rabbit dry eye model study demonstrated potentials of topically administered 0.2% ambroxol in stimulating tear and mucin secretion, inhibiting ocular surface inflammation, promoting corneal healing, and possibly augmenting meibomian gland lipid production.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Rabbits ; Ambroxol/metabolism ; Cornea/metabolism ; Dry Eye Syndromes/drug therapy ; Dry Eye Syndromes/metabolism ; Meibomian Glands/metabolism ; Tears/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Ambroxol (200168S0CL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	Singapore
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2704569-9
ISSN	2768-6698 ; 2768-6698
ISSN (online)	2768-6698
ISSN	2768-6698
DOI	10.31083/j.fbl2701004
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Article ; Online: Spatial epidemiological characteristics and driving factors of myopia among school-age children based on geographical detector: a national study.

Mu, Jingfeng / Jiang, Mingjie / Zhong, Haoxi / Wang, Jiantao / Zhang, Shaochong

International journal of environmental health research

2023 , Page(s) 1–12

Abstract: The present study aimed to examine the spatial characteristics of myopia and identify the socioeconomic and environmental factors influencing its prevalence. Myopia prevalence among children of school age of Han ethnicity in China was 56.6% in 2019, with ...

Abstract	The present study aimed to examine the spatial characteristics of myopia and identify the socioeconomic and environmental factors influencing its prevalence. Myopia prevalence among children of school age of Han ethnicity in China was 56.6% in 2019, with the highest and lowest prevalence's in Shandong (66.8%) and Guizhou (47.3%), respectively. There was a spatial aggregation of myopia prevalence in China. Environmental factors (atmospheric PM
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1104887-6
ISSN	1369-1619 ; 0960-3123
ISSN (online)	1369-1619
ISSN	0960-3123
DOI	10.1080/09603123.2023.2299227
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Article: The Role of Internal Limiting Membrane as a Biomarker in the Evolution of Myopic Traction Maculopathy.

Fang, Dong / Su, Jindi / Chen, Lu / Zhang, Shaochong

Frontiers in medicine

2022 Volume 8, Page(s) 802626

Abstract: Purpose: ...

Abstract	Purpose:
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2021.802626
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Article: Alleviation of neurological disease by RNA editing

Zhang, Shaochong / Chen, Lu / Zhang, Yining / Fang, Dong

Methods. 2021 Apr. 27,

2021

Abstract: The development of CRISPR/Cas genome editing tools has revolutionized the life sciences by providing transformative applications in many biological fields, including the field of neurological disorders. Compared with previous CRISPR-Cas systems targeting ...

Abstract	The development of CRISPR/Cas genome editing tools has revolutionized the life sciences by providing transformative applications in many biological fields, including the field of neurological disorders. Compared with previous CRISPR-Cas systems targeting DNA, a new field of RNA editing using CRISPR-Cas13 systems is gaining immense popularity. CRISPR-Cas13 is a robust, precise, versatile and safe RNA guided RNA-targeting system, which uniquely targets single-strand RNA. Recently, RNA-targeted gene editing tools have been refined by the introduction of an AAV (adeno-associated virus)-based CRISPR-Cas13 system for in vivo therapeutic cell fate conversion, which has been used to treat animal models of Parkinson’s disease. This flavor of gene editing showed promising effects on glia-to-neuron conversion in both intact and damaged mature retinas in a mouse model. Herein, we summarize the CRISPR-Cas13 system and its potential for applications in neurological diseases, focusing on the method of applying the AAV-mediated CRISPR-Cas13 system to the conversion of glia-to-neuron.
Keywords	CRISPR-Cas systems ; DNA ; Dependoparvovirus ; RNA ; flavor ; genes ; mice ; therapeutics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0427
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	1066584-5
ISSN	1095-9130 ; 1046-2023
ISSN (online)	1095-9130
ISSN	1046-2023
DOI	10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.04.023
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Intraocular Lens Fixation Technique Without Corneal Incision in Minimally Invasive Vitrectomized Eyes.

Sun, Yimeng / Zhang, Zhaotian / Wei, Yantao / Chi, Wei / Zhang, Shaochong

Ophthalmology and therapy

2022 Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) 729–737

Abstract: Introduction: To introduce a modified technique for primary/secondary intraocular lens (IOL) fixation without corneal incision in vitrectomized eyes.: Methods: Consecutive case series who had undergone previous or concomitant pars plana vitrectomy ( ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: To introduce a modified technique for primary/secondary intraocular lens (IOL) fixation without corneal incision in vitrectomized eyes. Methods: Consecutive case series who had undergone previous or concomitant pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) to have primary/secondary IOL fixation were prospectively included. A self-sealing scleral incision was made underneath the superior scleral flap, through which the IOL was inserted into the anterior chamber. The suture tied with the IOL passed through the sclera to fix the IOL in the ciliary sulcus. Patients were followed up for at least 3 months. Main outcomes were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), and intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results: A total of 31 patients were included in the study. The mean follow-up time was 5.35 ± 4.14 months. The BCVA (log MAR unit) improved from 0.97 ± 0.58 preoperative to 0.42 ± 0.36 postoperative (P < 0.001). Mean IOP remained unchanged (preoperative IOP 14.03 ± 2.90 mmHg, postoperative IOP 13.26 ± 3.46 mmHg, P = 0.130). The mean SIA was 0.91 ± 0.76 diopters. No obvious intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed. Conclusion: This method has favorable postoperative visual recovery and IOP control. This modified method could be taken into account as an option by surgeons in vitreoretinal surgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2193-8245
ISSN	2193-8245
DOI	10.1007/s40123-022-00464-4
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