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  1. Article: Decentralized Neural Circuits of Multisensory Information Integration in the Brain.

    Zhang, Wen-Hao

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2024  Volume 1437, Page(s) 1–21

    Abstract: The brain combines multisensory inputs together to obtain a complete and reliable description of the world. Recent experiments suggest that several interconnected multisensory brain areas are simultaneously involved to integrate multisensory information. ...

    Abstract The brain combines multisensory inputs together to obtain a complete and reliable description of the world. Recent experiments suggest that several interconnected multisensory brain areas are simultaneously involved to integrate multisensory information. It was unknown how these mutually connected multisensory areas achieve multisensory integration. To answer this question, using biologically plausible neural circuit models we developed a decentralized system for information integration that comprises multiple interconnected multisensory brain areas. Through studying an example of integrating visual and vestibular cues to infer heading direction, we show that such a decentralized system is well consistent with experimental observations. In particular, we demonstrate that this decentralized system can optimally integrate information by implementing sampling-based Bayesian inference. The Poisson variability of spike generation provides appropriate variability to drive sampling, and the interconnections between multisensory areas store the correlation prior between multisensory stimuli. The decentralized system predicts that optimally integrated information emerges locally from the dynamics of the communication between brain areas and sheds new light on the interpretation of the connectivity between multisensory brain areas.
    MeSH term(s) Bayes Theorem ; Brain ; Communication
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410187-X
    ISSN 0065-2598
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book: Special issue: Environmental plant science in China

    Zhang, Wen-Hao / Luo, Zhibin / Fan, Liumin / Qu, Li-Jia

    (Environmental and experimental botany ; Volume 129, September 2016)

    2016  

    Title variant Environmental plant science in China
    Author's details guest editors: Wen-Hao Zhang, Zhi-Bin Luo, Liu-Min Fan, Li-Jia Qu
    Series title Environmental and experimental botany ; Volume 129, September 2016
    Collection
    Language English
    Size 135 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing place Amsterdam
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT019046271
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article ; Online: lncRNA MtCIR2 positively regulates plant-freezing tolerance by modulating CBF/DREB1 gene clusters.

    Zhao, Mingui / Tian, Rui / Sun, Xiaohan / Zhang, Wen-Hao

    Plant, cell & environment

    2023  Volume 46, Issue 8, Page(s) 2450–2469

    Abstract: Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in regulation of plant response to environmental stress. CBF/DREB1s are highly conserved transcription factors that regulate response to cold stress in plants. However, very few ... ...

    Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in regulation of plant response to environmental stress. CBF/DREB1s are highly conserved transcription factors that regulate response to cold stress in plants. However, very few lncRNAs were found to regulate expression of CBFs and cold tolerance in plant. Here, we identified a cold-responsive long intergenic noncoding RNA (MtCIR2) of CBF/DREB1 genes that were located in a major freezing tolerance QTL region of legume Medicago truncatula. We found that response of MtCIR2 transcription was more rapid than that of MtCBF/DREB1s during cold treatment. MtCIR2 positively regulated M. truncatula freezing tolerance, such that overexpression of MtCIR2 led to higher survival rate and lower cell membrane damage than wild-type plants, while mutation of MtCIR2 rendered the mutants more sensitive to cold stress. In addition, expression levels of MtCBF/DREB1s were up-regulated in the MtCIR2 overexpressing lines and down-regulated in the mutants. Among the MtCIR2-regulated genes, the strongest enriched genes were those involved in polysaccharide metabolic processes. In addition, we demonstrated that overexpression of MtCIR2 led to increases in contents of soluble sugars. These results highlight that MtCIR2 positively regulates tolerance to freezing by regulating MtCBF/DREB1s expression and glycometabolism in M. truncatula.
    MeSH term(s) RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; Freezing ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Multigene Family ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Cold Temperature ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances RNA, Long Noncoding ; Transcription Factors ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; Plant Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 391893-2
    ISSN 1365-3040 ; 0140-7791
    ISSN (online) 1365-3040
    ISSN 0140-7791
    DOI 10.1111/pce.14611
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Bimodular continuous attractor neural networks with static and moving stimuli.

    Yan, Min / Zhang, Wen-Hao / Wang, He / Wong, K Y Michael

    Physical review. E

    2023  Volume 107, Issue 6-1, Page(s) 64302

    Abstract: We investigated the dynamical behaviors of bimodular continuous attractor neural networks, each processing a modality of sensory input and interacting with each other. We found that when bumps coexist in both modules, the position of each bump is shifted ...

    Abstract We investigated the dynamical behaviors of bimodular continuous attractor neural networks, each processing a modality of sensory input and interacting with each other. We found that when bumps coexist in both modules, the position of each bump is shifted towards the other input when the intermodular couplings are excitatory and is shifted away when inhibitory. When one intermodular coupling is excitatory while another is moderately inhibitory, temporally modulated population spikes can be generated. On further increase of the inhibitory coupling, momentary spikes will emerge. In the regime of bump coexistence, bump heights are primarily strengthened by excitatory intermodular couplings, but there is a lesser weakening effect due to a bump being displaced from the direct input. When bimodular networks serve as decoders of multisensory integration, we extend the Bayesian framework to show that excitatory and inhibitory couplings encode attractive and repulsive priors, respectively. At low disparity, the bump positions decode the posterior means in the Bayesian framework, whereas at high disparity, multiple steady states exist. In the regime of multiple steady states, the less stable state can be accessed if the input causing the more stable state arrives after a sufficiently long delay. When one input is moving, the bump in the corresponding module is pinned when the moving stimulus is weak, unpinned at intermediate stimulus strength, and tracks the input at strong stimulus strength, and the stimulus strengths for these transitions increase with the velocity of the moving stimulus. These results are important to understanding multisensory integration of static and dynamic stimuli.
    MeSH term(s) Bayes Theorem ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Networks, Computer
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2844562-4
    ISSN 2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
    ISSN (online) 2470-0053
    ISSN 2470-0045
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.107.064302
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Sampling-based Bayesian inference in recurrent circuits of stochastic spiking neurons.

    Zhang, Wen-Hao / Wu, Si / Josić, Krešimir / Doiron, Brent

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 7074

    Abstract: Two facts about cortex are widely accepted: neuronal responses show large spiking variability with near Poisson statistics and cortical circuits feature abundant recurrent connections between neurons. How these spiking and circuit properties combine to ... ...

    Abstract Two facts about cortex are widely accepted: neuronal responses show large spiking variability with near Poisson statistics and cortical circuits feature abundant recurrent connections between neurons. How these spiking and circuit properties combine to support sensory representation and information processing is not well understood. We build a theoretical framework showing that these two ubiquitous features of cortex combine to produce optimal sampling-based Bayesian inference. Recurrent connections store an internal model of the external world, and Poissonian variability of spike responses drives flexible sampling from the posterior stimulus distributions obtained by combining feedforward and recurrent neuronal inputs. We illustrate how this framework for sampling-based inference can be used by cortex to represent latent multivariate stimuli organized either hierarchically or in parallel. A neural signature of such network sampling are internally generated differential correlations whose amplitude is determined by the prior stored in the circuit, which provides an experimentally testable prediction for our framework.
    MeSH term(s) Action Potentials/physiology ; Bayes Theorem ; Models, Neurological ; Neurons/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-41743-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The roles of stomatal morphologies in transpiration and nutrient transportation between grasses and forbs in a temperate steppe.

    Chen, Zhuo / Li, Hongbo / Zhang, Wen-Hao / Wang, Baolan

    Annals of botany

    2023  Volume 132, Issue 2, Page(s) 229–239

    Abstract: Background and aims: Grasses and forbs are dominant functional groups in temperate grasslands and display substantial differences in many biological traits, especially in root and stomatal morphologies, which are closely related to the use of water and ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: Grasses and forbs are dominant functional groups in temperate grasslands and display substantial differences in many biological traits, especially in root and stomatal morphologies, which are closely related to the use of water and nutrients. However, few studies have investigated the differences in nutrient accumulation and stomatal morphology-mediated transportation of water and nutrients from roots to shoots comparatively between the two functional groups.
    Methods: Here, we explored the patterns of accumulation of multiple nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) in leaves and roots, transpiration-related processes and interactions between nutrients and transpiration at functional group levels by experiments in a temperate steppe and collection of data from the literature.
    Key results: The concentrations of all the examined nutrients were obviously higher in both leaves and roots of forbs than those in grasses, especially for leaf Ca and Mg concentrations. Grasses with dumbbell-shaped stomata displayed significantly lower transpiration and stomatal conductance than forbs with kidney-shaped stomata. In contrast, grasses showed much higher water-use efficiency (WUE) than forbs. The contrasting patterns of nutrient accumulation, transpiration and WUE between grasses and forbs were less sensitive to varied environments. Leaf N, P and S concentrations were not affected by transpiration. In contrast, leaf Mg concentrations were positively correlated with transpiration in forb species. Furthermore, linear regression and principal component analysis showed that leaf Ca and Mg concentrations were positively correlated with transpiration between the two functional groups.
    Conclusions: Our results revealed contrasting differences in acquisition of multiple nutrients and transpiration between grasses and forbs, and that stomatal morphologies are an important driver for the distinct WUE and translocation of Ca and Mg from roots to leaves between the two functional groups in temperate steppes. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the important roles of functional traits in driving water and nutrient cycling.
    MeSH term(s) Poaceae ; Plant Leaves ; Water ; Nutrients ; Biological Transport ; Plant Transpiration ; Plant Stomata
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1461328-1
    ISSN 1095-8290 ; 0305-7364
    ISSN (online) 1095-8290
    ISSN 0305-7364
    DOI 10.1093/aob/mcad096
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Representational Geometries Reveal Differential Effects of Response Correlations on Population Codes in Neurophysiology and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

    Cheng, Zi-Jian / Yang, Lingxiao / Zhang, Wen-Hao / Zhang, Ru-Yuan

    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 24, Page(s) 4498–4512

    Abstract: Two sensory neurons usually display trial-by-trial spike-count correlations given the repeated representations of a stimulus. The effects of such response correlations on population-level sensory coding have been the focal contention in computational ... ...

    Abstract Two sensory neurons usually display trial-by-trial spike-count correlations given the repeated representations of a stimulus. The effects of such response correlations on population-level sensory coding have been the focal contention in computational neuroscience over the past few years. In the meantime, multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has become the leading analysis approach in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but the effects of response correlations among voxel populations remain underexplored. Here, instead of conventional MVPA analysis, we calculate linear Fisher information of population responses in human visual cortex (five males, one female) and hypothetically remove response correlations between voxels. We found that voxelwise response correlations generally enhance stimulus information, a result standing in stark contrast to the detrimental effects of response correlations reported in empirical neurophysiological studies. By voxel-encoding modeling, we further show that these two seemingly opposite effects actually can coexist within the primate visual system. Furthermore, we use principal component analysis to decompose stimulus information in population responses onto different principal dimensions in a high-dimensional representational space. Interestingly, response correlations simultaneously reduce and enhance information on higher- and lower-variance principal dimensions, respectively. The relative strength of the two antagonistic effects within the same computational framework produces the apparent discrepancy in the effects of response correlations in neuronal and voxel populations. Our results suggest that multivariate fMRI data contain rich statistical structures that are directly related to sensory information representation, and the general computational framework to analyze neuronal and voxel population responses can be applied in many types of neural measurements.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Animals ; Humans ; Female ; Neurophysiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurons, Afferent ; Neurosciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604637-x
    ISSN 1529-2401 ; 0270-6474
    ISSN (online) 1529-2401
    ISSN 0270-6474
    DOI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2228-22.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: MicroRNA‑124: an emerging therapeutic target in central nervous system disorders.

    Zhang, Wen-Hao / Jiang, Lian / Li, Mei / Liu, Jing

    Experimental brain research

    2023  Volume 241, Issue 5, Page(s) 1215–1226

    Abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of neuron and non-neuron cells including neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs), neuroblasts, glia cells (mainly astrocyte, oligodendroglia and microglia), which thereby form a precise and complicated network and ... ...

    Abstract The central nervous system (CNS) consists of neuron and non-neuron cells including neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs), neuroblasts, glia cells (mainly astrocyte, oligodendroglia and microglia), which thereby form a precise and complicated network and exert diverse functions through interactions of numerous bioactive ingredients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), with small size approximately  ~ 21nt and as well-documented post-transcriptional key regulators of gene expression, are a cluster of evolutionarily conserved endogenous non-coding RNAs. More than 2000 different miRNAs has been discovered till now. MicroRNA-124(miR-124), the most brain-rich microRNA, has been validated to possess important functions in the central nervous system, including neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation, cell fate determination, neuron migration, synapse plasticity and cognition, cell apoptosis etc. According to recent studies, herein, we provide a review of this conversant miR-124 to further understand the potential functions and therapeutic and clinical value in brain diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Central Nervous System Diseases/metabolism ; Central Nervous System ; Neuroglia ; Cell Differentiation/genetics
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs ; MIRN124 microRNA, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-24
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1201-4
    ISSN 1432-1106 ; 0014-4819
    ISSN (online) 1432-1106
    ISSN 0014-4819
    DOI 10.1007/s00221-022-06524-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A Medicago truncatula lncRNA MtCIR1 negatively regulates response to salt stress

    Tian, Rui / Sun, Xiaohan / Liu, Cuimei / Chu, Jinfang / Zhao, Mingui / Zhang, Wen-Hao

    Planta. 2023 Feb., v. 257, no. 2 p.32-32

    2023  

    Abstract: MAIN CONCLUSION: A lncRNA MtCIR1 negatively regulates the response to salt stress in Medicago truncatula seed germination by modulating seedling growth and ABA metabolism and signaling by enhancing Na⁺ accumulation. Increasing evidence suggests that long ...

    Abstract MAIN CONCLUSION: A lncRNA MtCIR1 negatively regulates the response to salt stress in Medicago truncatula seed germination by modulating seedling growth and ABA metabolism and signaling by enhancing Na⁺ accumulation. Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of plant tolerance to varying abiotic stresses. A large number of lncRNAs that are responsive to abiotic stress have been identified in plants; however, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of plant responses to abiotic stress by lncRNAs are largely unclear. Here, we functionally characterized a salt stress-responsive lncRNA derived from the leguminous model plant M. truncatula, referred to as MtCIR1, by expressing MtCIR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana in which no such homologous sequence was observed. Expression of MtCIR1 rendered seed germination more sensitive to salt stress by enhanced accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) due to suppressing the expression of the ABA catabolic enzyme CYP707A2. Expression of MtCIR1 also suppressed the expression of genes associated with ABA receptors and signaling. The ABA-responsive gene AtPGIP2 that was involved in degradation of cell wall during seed germination was up-regulated by expressing MtCIR1. On the other hand, expression of MtCIR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced foliar Na⁺ accumulation by down-regulating genes encoding Na⁺ transporters, thus rendering the transgenic plants more sensitive to salt stress. These results demonstrate that the M. truncatula lncRNA MtCIR1 negatively regulates salt stress response by targeting ABA metabolism and signaling during seed germination and foliar Na⁺ accumulation by affecting Na⁺ transport under salt stress during seedling growth. These novel findings would advance our knowledge on the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in response of plants to salt stress.
    Keywords Arabidopsis thaliana ; Medicago truncatula ; abscisic acid ; cell walls ; enzymes ; genes ; genetically modified organisms ; metabolism ; salt stress ; seed germination ; seedling growth ; sequence homology ; stress response
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-02
    Size p. 32.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 208909-9
    ISSN 1432-2048 ; 0032-0935 ; 1866-2749
    ISSN (online) 1432-2048
    ISSN 0032-0935 ; 1866-2749
    DOI 10.1007/s00425-022-04064-1
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Ecosystem stability is determined by plant defence functional traits and population stability under mowing in a semi‐arid temperate steppe

    Zhang, Lulu / Bai, Wenming / Zhang, Yunhai / Lambers, H. / Zhang, Wen‐Hao

    Functional Ecology. 2023 Sept., v. 37, no. 9 p.2413-2424

    2023  

    Abstract: As a common grassland management practice in many high‐latitude regions worldwide, mowing has great impacts on grassland functioning and stability. Species richness, species asynchrony and species stability have been suggested as central in responses to ... ...

    Abstract As a common grassland management practice in many high‐latitude regions worldwide, mowing has great impacts on grassland functioning and stability. Species richness, species asynchrony and species stability have been suggested as central in responses to environmental change. Mowing can evoke plant defence system due to physical damages to plants. However, no studies have comprehensively evaluated the role of plant defence functional traits, species richness, species asynchrony and stability in ecosystem functioning under mowing regimes across timescales. In this study, we set up short‐term (4 years) and long‐term (16 years) mowing experiments with three stubble heights (control, 10 cm, 2 cm) in a temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia. We investigated the effects of mowing‐induced changes in distribution metrics associated with plant defence traits, that is mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis of trait distribution, on ecosystem stability of grassland communities using structural equation modelling. We found that grassland ecosystem stability was enhanced by increasing mowing duration and decreasing stubble height. Mowing‐induced increase in abundance and diversity of plant defence traits contributed to greater ecosystem stability by enhancing species asynchrony and population stability. Moreover, we found that mowing enhanced the abundance and diversity of plant defence traits of dominant species and contributed to population stability and species asynchrony, thus enhancing temporal stability of grassland ecosystems. These results demonstrate the important roles of plant defence traits in maintaining stability of grasslands under mowing, and highlight that, in addition to species richness, asynchrony and population stability, plant functional defence trait acts in stabilizing ecosystem functions under human‐induced environmental changes. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
    Keywords dominant species ; ecological balance ; ecosystems ; equations ; grassland management ; latitude ; species richness ; steppes ; stubble ; variance ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Size p. 2413-2424.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2020307-X
    ISSN 1365-2435 ; 0269-8463
    ISSN (online) 1365-2435
    ISSN 0269-8463
    DOI 10.1111/1365-2435.14401
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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